高一期末考试复习提纲

高一期末考试复习提纲（精选6篇）

高一期末考试复习提纲 第1篇

2009-2010上学期高一地理期末考试复习提纲

注：第一章和第二章占20-30%

第一章：

1、天体系统的结构（P3）

2、地球运动（自转和公转）的地理意义（P13-20）

3、地球上有生命的基本条件（P6）

4、太阳辐射对地理环境的影响（P8-12）

第二章：

1、热力环流（P30）

2、气压带和风带的颁布及成因（热力和动力原因）（P34）

3、季风环流（P38环流图、分布、类型、成因）

4、季风活动带来的影响（季风活动对降水的影响），水资源的分布特点

5、了解天气系统过境时的特点及成因（P41-43）

第三章：

6、物质和能量的转化：水循环、大气环流、生物循环（P85页）、地壳物质循环（P72）

7、洋流分布模式图（P57-58）

8、我国水资源的分布特点（P61）

9、流水作用与地貌（P77-78）

10、降水的季节变化与旱涝灾害

11、河流与聚落分布的关系（P81）

12、沿海向内陆的分异规律即经度地带性分异规律（P92）

13、洋流（分布的判断）寒暖流的判定。利用等温线判断洋流所在半球及性质

14、北印度洋的季风洋流与风向的关系（P57）

15、河流地貌，河谷的地貌发育过程（P77）

16、人类活动对水循环的影响如修建水库对地表径流的影响，下渗的影响因素等（P55-56）

第四章：

1、地貌：内力作用与外力作用的表现形式及重要的地貌类型

2、地壳水平运动产生褶皱，背斜和向斜的判断，块状山地的形成第五章：

1、自然带的地域分异规律（纬度地带性，经度地带性，垂直地带性）

知道如何判定规律及产生的原因；注意山地的基带是由水平地带性规律决定的；判定

大致在什么纬度位置；向阳坡及背阳坡的判断；基带的气候类型；山地自然带的影响 因素因素（纬度、海拔）。

地理填充图册精典例题：

P1，2；P2，4；P10，4；P14，1、2P15，5；P19，3、4P20，2；P25，4；P27，3；P28，1；P34，5

高一期末考试复习提纲 第2篇

专题一：运动的描述

【知识要点】

1.质点（A）（1）没有形状、大小，而具有质量的点。

（2）质点是一个理想化的物理模型，实际并不存在。

（3）一个物体能否看成质点，并不取决于这个物体的大小，而是看在所研究的问题中物体的形状、大小和物体上各部分运动情况的差异是否为可以忽略的次要因素，要具体问题具体分析。

2.参考系（A）（1）物体相对于其他物体的位置变化，叫做机械运动，简称运动。

（2）在描述一个物体运动时，选来作为标准的（即假定为不动的）另外的物体，叫做

参考系。

对参考系应明确以下几点：

①对同一运动物体，选取不同的物体作参考系时，对物体的观察结果往往不同的。②在研究实际问题时，选取参考系的基本原则是能对研究对象的运动情况的描述得到尽量的简化，能够使解题显得简捷。

③因为今后我们主要讨论地面上的物体的运动，所以通常取地面作为参照系

3.路程和位移（A）

（1）位移是表示质点位置变化的物理量。路程是质点运动轨迹的长度。

（2）位移是矢量，可以用以初位置指向末位置的一条有向线段来表示。因此，位移的大小等于物体的初位置到末位置的直线距离。路程是标量，它是质点运动轨迹的长度。因此其大小与运动路径有关。

（3）一般情况下，运动物体的路程与位移大小是不同的。只有当质点做单一方向的直线运动时，路程与位移的大小才相等。图1-1中质点轨迹ACB的长度是路程，AB是位移S。

（4）在研究机械运动时，位移才是能用来描述位置变化的物理量。路程不能用来表达物体的确切位置。比如说某人从O点起走了50m路，我们就说不出终了位置在何处。

4、速度、平均速度和瞬时速度（A）

（1）表示物体运动快慢的物理量，它等于位移s跟发生这段位移所用时间t的比值。即v=s/t。速度是矢量，既有大小也有方向，其方向就是物体运动的方向。在国际单位制中，速度的单位是（m/s）米/秒。

（2）平均速度是描述作变速运动物体运动快慢的物理量。一个作变速运动的物体，如果在一段时间t内的位移为s, 则我们定义v=s/t为物体在这段时间（或这段位移）上的平均速度。平均速度也是矢量，其方向就是物体在这段时间内的位移的方向。

（3）瞬时速度是指运动物体在某一时刻（或某一位置）的速度。从物理含义上

看，瞬时速度指某一时刻附近极短时间内的平均速度。瞬时速度的大小叫瞬时速率，简称速率

5、匀速直线运动（A）

（1）定义：物体在一条直线上运动，如果在相等的时间内位移相等，这种运动叫做匀速直线运动。

根据匀速直线运动的特点，质点在相等时间内通过的位移相等，质点在相等时间内通过的路程相等，质点的运动方向相同，质点在相等时间内的位移大小和路程相等。

（2）匀速直线运动的x—t图象和v-t图象（A）

（1）位移图象（s-t图象）就是以纵轴表示位移，以横轴表示时间而作出的反映物体运动规律的数学图象，匀速直线运动的位移图线是通过坐标原点的一条直线。

（2）匀速直线运动的v-t图象是一条平行于横轴（时间轴）的直线，如图2-4-1所示。

由图可以得到速度的大小和方向，如v1=20m/s,v2=-10m/s,表明一个质点沿正方向以20m/s的速度运动，另一个反方向以10m/s速度运动。

6、加速度（A）

（1）加速度的定义:加速度是表示速度改变快慢的物理量,它等于速度的改变量跟发生这一改变量所用时间的比值,定义式:a=

（2）加速度是矢量,它的方向是速度变化的方向

（3）在变速直线运动中,若加速度的方向与速度方向相同,则质点做加速运动;若加速度的方向与速度方向相反,则则质点做减速运动.7、用电火花计时器(或电磁打点计时器)研究匀变速直线运动（A）

1、实验步骤：

（1）把附有滑轮的长木板平放在实验桌上，将打点计时器固定在平板上,并接好电路

（2）把一条细绳拴在小车上,细绳跨过定滑轮,下面吊着重量适当的钩码.（3）将纸带固定在小车尾部，并穿过打点计时器的限位孔

（4）拉住纸带,将小车移动至靠近打点计时器处,先接通电源,后放开纸带.（5）断开电源,取下纸带

（6）换上新的纸带，再重复做三次

2、常见计算：

（1），（2）

8、匀变速直线运动的规律（A）

（1）.匀变速直线运动的速度公式vt=vo+at（减速：vt=vo-at）

（2）.此式只适用于匀变速直线运动.（3）.匀变速直线运动的位移公式s=vot+at2/2（减速：s=vot-at2/2）

（4）位移推论公式：（减速：）

（5）.初速无论是否为零,匀变速直线运动的质点,在连续相邻的相等的 时间间隔内的位移之差为一常数： s = aT2(a----匀变速直线运动的加速度 T----每个时间间隔的时间)

9、匀变速直线运动的x—t图象和v-t图象（A）

10、自由落体运动（A）

（1）自由落体运动 物体只在重力作用下从静止开始下落的运动，叫做自由落体运动。

（2）自由落体加速度

（1）自由落体加速度也叫重力加速度，用g表示.（2）重力加速度是由于地球的引力产生的,因此,它的方向总是竖直向下.其大小在地球上不同地方略有不,在地球表面，纬度越高，重力加速度的值就越大，在赤道上，重力加速度的值最小，但这种差异并不大。

(3)通常情况下取重力加速度g=10m/s2

（3）自由落体运动的规律vt=gt．H=gt2/2,vt2=2gh

专题二：相互作用与运动规律

【知识要点】

11、力（A）1.力是物体对物体的作用。

⑴力不能脱离物体而独立存在。⑵物体间的作用是相互的。

2.力的三要素：力的大小、方向、作用点。

3.力作用于物体产生的两个作用效果。

⑴使受力物体发生形变或使受力物体的运动状态发生改变。

4．力的分类⑴按照力的性质命名：重力、弹力、摩擦力等。

⑵按照力的作用效果命名：拉力、推力、压力、支持力、动力、阻力、浮力、向心力等。

12、重力（A）1.重力是由于地球的吸引而使物体受到的力

⑴地球上的物体受到重力，施力物体是地球。

⑵重力的方向总是竖直向下的。

2.重心：物体的各个部分都受重力的作用，但从效果上看，我们可以认为各部分所受重力的作用都集中于一点，这个点就是物体所受重力的作用点，叫做物体的重心。

① 质量均匀分布的有规则形状的均匀物体，它的重心在几何中心上。

② 一般物体的重心不一定在几何中心上，可以在物体内，也可以在物体外。一般采用悬挂法。

3.重力的大小：G=mg13、弹力（A）

1.弹力⑴发生弹性形变的物体，会对跟它接触的物体产生力的作用，这种力叫做弹力。

⑵产生弹力必须具备两个条件：①两物体直接接触；②两物体的接触处发生弹性形变。

2.弹力的方向：物体之间的正压力一定垂直于它们的接触面。绳对物体的拉力方向总是沿着绳而指向绳收缩的方向，在分析拉力方向时应先确定受力物体。

3.弹力的大小

弹力的大小与弹性形变的大小有关,弹性形变越大,弹力越大.弹簧弹力：F = Kx(x为伸长量或压缩量,K为劲度系数)

4.相互接触的物体是否存在弹力的判断方法

如果物体间存在微小形变,不易觉察,这时可用假设法进行判定.14、摩擦力（A）

(1)滑动摩擦力：

说明 ： a、FN为接触面间的弹力，可以大于G；也可以等于G;也可以小于G b、为滑动摩擦系数，只与接触面材料和粗糙程度有关，与接触面

积大小、接触面相对运动快慢以及正压力FN无关.(2)静摩擦力： 由物体的平衡条件或牛顿第二定律求解,与正压力无关.大小范围： O

说明：

a、摩擦力可以与运动方向相同，也可以与运动方向相反，还可以与运动方向成一定夹角。

b、摩擦力可以作正功，也可以作负功，还可以不作功。

c、摩擦力的方向与物体间相对运动的方向或相对运动趋势的方向相反。

d、静止的物体可以受滑动摩擦力的作用，运动的物体可以受静摩擦力的作用。

15、力的合成与分解（B）

1.合力与分力 如果一个力作用在物体上，它产生的效果跟几个力共同作用在物体上产生的效果相同，这个力就叫做那几个力的合力，而那几个力叫做这个力的分力。

2.共点力的合成⑴共点力

几个力如果都作用在物体的同一点上，或者它们的作用线相交于同一点，这几个力叫共点力。

⑵力的合成方法 求几个已知力的合力叫做力的合成。

a．若 和 在同一条直线上

①、同向：合力 方向与、的方向一致

②、反向：合力，方向与、这两个力中较大的那个力同向。

b．、互成θ角——用力的平行四边形定则

平行四边形定则：两个互成角度的力的合力，可以用表示这两个力的有向线段为邻边，作平行四边形，它的对角线就表示合力的大小及方向，这是矢量合成的普遍法则。

求F、的合力公式：（为F1、F2的夹角）

注意：(1)力的合成和分解都均遵从平行四边行法则。

(2)两个力的合力范围： F1－F2 F F1 +F2

(3)合力可以大于分力、也可以小于分力、也可以等于分力

（4）两个分力成直角时，用勾股定理或三角函数。

16、共点力作用下物体的平衡（A）

1.共点力作用下物体的平衡状态

(1)一个物体如果保持静止或者做匀速直线运动，我们就说这个物体处于平衡状态

(2)物体保持静止状态或做匀速直线运动时，其速度（包括大小和方向）不变，其加速度为零，这是共点力作用下物体处于平衡状态的运动学特征。

2.共点力作用下物体的平衡条件

共点力作用下物体的平衡条件是合力为零，亦即F合=0

(1)二力平衡：这两个共点力必然大小相等，方向相反，作用在同一条直线上。

(2)三力平衡：这三个共点力必然在同一平面内，且其中任何两个力的合力与第三个力大小相等，方向相反，作用在同一条直线上，即任何两个力的合力必与第三个力平衡

(3)若物体在三个以上的共点力作用下处于平衡状态，通常可采用正交分解，必有：

F合x= F1x+ F2x + ………+ Fnx =0

F合y= F1y+ F2y + ………+ Fny =0（按接触面分解或按运动方向分解）

19、力学单位制（A）

1．物理公式在确定物理量数量关系的同时，也确定了物理量的单位关系。基本单位就是根据物理量运算中的实际需要而选定的少数几个物理量单位；根据物理公式和基本单位确立的其它物理量的单位叫做导出单位。

2．在物理力学中，选定长度、质量和时间的单位作为基本单位，与其它的导出单位一起组成了力学单位制。选用不同的基本单位，可以组成不同的力学单位制，其中最常用的基本单位是长度为米（m），质量为千克(kg)，时间为秒（s）,由此还可得到其它的导出单位，它们一起组成了力学的国际单位制。

高一期末考试复习提纲 第3篇

注意事项:本试卷分第I卷 (选择题) 和第II卷 (非选择题) 两部分。第I卷1至8页。第II卷9至12页。共150分。考试时间120分钟。

1. 答第I卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。每小题选出答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。

2. 听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。非选择题答在第II卷上。

3. 第II卷答案一律写在试卷上。交卷时只交答题卡和第II卷。。

第 I 卷 (共 94 分)

第一部分:听力 (共三节, 满分30分)

听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。选择题为第1至16题;非选择题为第62至65题。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应的位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Why can’t the woman give the man directions?

A. She is too weak to say much.

B. She hasn’t been here long either.

C. She is very much afraid.

2. How does the man feel?

A. He is sorry about his illness.

B. He is happy about lying in bed.

C. He is upset with the woman’s words.

3. Where is the conversation probably taking place?

A. On a plane. B. At the airport. C. In London.

4. Why won’t the woman go to the concert?

A. She will watch TV.

B. She will see her friend.

C. She will look after some children.

5. Who is the man probably talking to?

A. His daughter. B. His doctor. C. His patient.

第二节 (共11小题;每小题1.5分, 满分16.5分)

听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前, 你将有时间阅读各小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。

听第6段材料, 回答第6至第7题。

6. Who will Lily send the postcard to?

A. Her parents. B. Her friend. C. Her grandparents.

7. When will they gather to celebrate Lily’s birthday tomorrow?

A. At 6 pm. B. At 6:15 pm. C. At 6:50 pm.

听第7段材料, 回答第8至第10题。

8. What does the man learn about animals and insects?

A. They have their own words.

B. They have their own languages.

C. They can talk with each other.

9. What does the woman think of the machine?

A. Wonderful. B. Common. C. Expensive.

10. Why does the woman want to buy a machine like that?

A. She is curious about the machine.

B. She needs to do research on animals.

C. She wants to understand her dog better.

听第8段材料, 回答第11至第13题。

11. When will they go to the ruins?

A. Today. B. Next week. C. Tomorrow.

12. What does the woman think of her room?

A. Clean and comfortable.

B. Clean but uncomfortable.

C. Dirty and uncomfortable.

13. What are the man and the woman?

A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Guides.

听第9段材料, 回答第14至第16题。

14. Who cooked a lot in David’s family in the past?

A. His father. B. His mother. C. David.

15. What did they fi nd interesting?

A. David doesn’t know how to cook.

B. Young husbands usually help cook.

C. Mothers usually do all the cooking.

16. Which country does the woman’s mother come from?

A. Britain. B. Australia. C. China.

第三节 (共4小题;每小题1.5分, 满分6分)

听第10段材料, 根据你所听到的内容, 在表格中第62至第65小题的空格里填上适当的单词, 使信息完整。每空填一个词。 ( 注意:请将本题答案写在二卷指定位置 )

第二部分:英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分40分)

第一节单项填空 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

17. The World Cup is a world-famous event, _______ everybody on the planet loves talking about.

A. which B. where C. that D. what

18. The visitors are so amazed at the snow here that they _______ for another two days.

A. stay B. have stayed C. are staying D. stayed

19. Margot won the fi rst place and she got her _______ of a seven-day journey to New Zealand.

A. reward B. charge C. value D. bargain

20. Peter doesn’t want to live in the country when he grows up, nor _______ to live in the city.

A. will he want B. he will want C. does he want D. he wants

21. We _______ the harm and will take steps to prevent it happening.

A. inspect B. recognize C. select D. ignore

22. Rescue workers are on the way to save those who _______ in the mountains because of the heavy snow.

A. were trapped B. trapped C. are trapping D. are trapped

23. I was frightened to death. It was several minutes _______ I realized what was happening.

A. before B. since C. until D. after

24. She is determined to get what she wants, _______ she will have to wait 18 years for it.

A. as if B. only if C. if only D. even if

25. December is that time of year _______ we pack up our thoughts and prepare for the next year.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

26. — Owen just has had no luck with job-hunting. — _______. He should have worked harder in college.

A. Yes, I agree B. You are correct

C. No way D. I’m sorry, but I don’t agree

第二节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)

阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I was small, my mom would use toast ( 土司面包 ) for dinner. I remember one __27__, after working all day, she still wanted to do something special for __28__. On that evening, my mom __29__ a plate of eggs, sausages and very burnt toast in front of my dad. I waited to see if anyone noticed. __30__ my dad just took his toast, __31__ at my mom and asked me how my day at school had been. Though I don’t __32__ what I told him that night, I do remember watching him put butter and jelly ( 果冻甜品 ) __33__ that toast. He ate it up __34__ , every single bite. After dinner, I remember hearing my mom say sorry to my dad for __35__ the toast. I’ll never forget what he said: “Honey, I love burnt toast.”Later that night, I went to kiss Daddy good __36__ . I asked him if he __37__ liked his toast burnt. He __38__ me in his arms and said: “Your Mommy worked very hard today. She’s really __39__ . And besides–a bit of burnt toast never hurts anyone!”

Life is full of imperfect things. __40__ is perfect. I’m not the best at anything. But I’ve learned something important over the years. We need to __41__ each other’s mistakes. We need to appreciate each other’s __42__. These two things are the keys to creating healthy, growing and lasting __43__. This rule goes for any relationship – friends, family, and even the people you __44__ on the bus. __45__ is the basis of everything, whether between a husband and wife, a parent and child or just between two friends. Don’t get __46__ if the toast gets burnt. Remember, burnt toast never hurts anyone. It’s the kind thoughts that count, and the people with those kind thoughts who make life worth living.

27. A. morning B. evening C. afternoon D. noon

28. A. herself B. dad C. us D. me

29. A. threw B. removed C. packed D. placed

30. A. But B. And C. So D. Or

31. A. shouted B. smiled C. laughed D. looked

32. A. recognize B. understand C. like D. remember

33. A. in B. beside C. on D. under

34. A. on purpose B. in relief C. as usual D. in a way

35. A. breaking B. burning C. softening D. boiling

36. A. night B. bye C. evening D. day

37. A. exactly B. really C. extremely D. quite

38. A. carried B. kept C. held D. controlled

39. A. tired B. caring C. stubborn D. determined

40. A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Anybody D. Somebody

41. A. accept B. know C. forget D. enjoy

42. A. shortcomings B. similarities C. successes D. differences

43. A. friendship B. power C. relationship D. attitude

44. A. meet with B. care about C. turn to D. deal with

45. A. Helping B. Ignoring C. Protecting D. Understanding

46. A. frightened B. upset C. amazed D. excited

第三部分阅读理解 (共两节 ; 满分30分)

第一节: (共10小题;每小题2分, 满分20分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The accident happened just a few months after I picked up my new car. It was clearly not my fault ( 过错 ) . The other guy was so busy on his cell phone that he went right through a red light and ran into my car. My new and very beautiful car was destroyed. It was even frightening because my niece was asleep on the back seat and her father, my brother, was in the front passenger seat. He was not happy.

The police arrived and began taking statements. I explained that I had been going at about 55 kmph. “So you were going about 50 kmph…”he said.

“No, I said I was doing about 55 kmph, ” I said.

“Right, so you were doing about 50 kmph…”again he repeated.

In a slightly angry voice because I felt I wasn’t being heard, I said: “No! I was doing about 55 kmph!”

“OK, if that’s the way you want it, ” this time the offi cer simply replied.

I didn’t realize it at the time. The city speed limit is 50 kmph. My insurance company paid me for the damages to my car. However, I ended up getting 50 percent less than I would have from the other guy’s insurance company because I had insisted I was doing 55 kmph.

I thought about what had happened again. It suddenly struck me that the traffi c policeman had been trying to help me out. He had known something about the insurance that I had not. I might have insisted that I told the truth, but I could at least have said “Thank you” to him instead of acting so rudely.

Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to have a listening ear - let other people talk while you simply shut up and listen. Never forget - to hear, you have to be able to listen.

47. The writer was frightened because _______ when the accident happened.

A. the other driver was too careless B. his new beautiful car was destroyed

C. he had two passengers on his car D. he was making a phone call while driving

48. The policeman repeated the writer was going 50 kmph to _______.

A. question him on the city speed limit

B. help him to get out of the trouble

C. make him angry by ignoring him

D. show him he took careful statements

49. The most important lesson the writer learned from the accident is _______.

A. never to make a phone call while driving

B. never to make dishonest statements to police

C. to learn the details of the insurance items

D. to let others talk and be a good listener

B

Some desert animals can live through the summer heat and dryness because they are very unusual. The camel, for example, can experience and bear an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9℃without anything bad happening to it. In addition, it can drink a lot of water at one time; then store enough water in its body to supply its needs for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat ( 长鼻袋鼠 ) , on the other hand, gets all the water it needs from water that it produces when it breathes. However, most animals can’t bear it if their body temperature rises more than 5℃ . Nor can they store or produce water in their bodies like the camel and kangaroo rat. So, because of the high temperature of a typical summer day, most of them are active only in the night. Only after the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides protection, not only from the sun, but also from other animals and the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal for most animals and insects to start again their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek shelter again.

For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is easier than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which prevents water loss because of the high temperature. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is some water, and it is generally cooler than on the surface. In the case of ants, only grown-up ants leave the underground nests ( 巢穴 ) , and they do soonly to gather food or to defend the nest against attack.

50. The camel and the kangroo rat are different from other animals in that _______.

A. they are animals not usually seen in the desert

B. they can bear a great increase in body temperature

C. they can get the water they need through breathing

D. they can either store or produce water in their bodies

51. The desert is full of life _______.

A. when animals look for food and water at summer nights

B. when it is morning and everything becomes active

C. when dangerous animals and birds sleep in the summer sun

D. when it is evening and animals begin to look for shelter for safety

52. The underlined word “waterproof” in the last paragraph means _______.

A. something that keeps you dry in wet weather

B. something that stops water passing through

C. something that gets damaged by water

D. something that tells you that you need water

53. Which of the following might serve as the best title for the passage?

A. Living Actively at Nights in the Desert.

B. Looking for Food and Water in the Desert.

C. Surviving Heat and Dryness in the Desert.

D. Finding Shelter from Enemy in the Desert.

C

Mountains & Valleys Tour

This 8-day tour takes you up and down, through coffee country, tobacco fi elds and farms. You’ll travel from the land of horses and cowboys to the ground that produces some of the country’s sweetest fruit, seeing high hilltops to Central America’s largest body of water.

Destination ( 目的地 ) : Managua, Nicaragua

Trip Length: 8 days

Price: From $1750 to $1850 per person

Age: 7 to 65+

Do It Yourself W-Trek

This do-it-yourself hiking is so designed that you need walk to the lookout point to the famous Towers, the rushing French river and the hanging glaciers, sleeping in mountain hotels. And of course, it takes plenty of strength.

Destination: Santiago, Chile

Trip Length: 11 days

Price: From $1850 to $2050 per person

Age: 18 to 65+

Society Islands, Tahiti

The islands of Tahiti in the South Pacifi c offer tourists a great destination. From our Tahiti hotels, sail out and enjoy the 118 islands. With high mountains, white sand, blue houses and green waters, this island has something for everyone.

Destination: Tahiti, French Polynesia

Trip Length: 7 days

Price: From $4000 to $6000 per person

Age: 6 to 65+

City Tour around Italy

Italy is perfect for those who enjoy the arts, architecture, breathtaking scenery, and beautiful beaches. Thejourney begins with Venice or Milan, then Florence and Rome. A quick train ride will get you to the beautiful waters at Amalfi Coast. Your last night will be spent in Naples.

Destination: Amalfi Coast; Florence; Naples; Rome; Venice; Milan, Italy

Trip Length: 16 days

Price: From $2500 to $ 3500 per person

Age: 8 to 65+

54. With a week to afford for a vacation, Willie will fi nd the trip to _______ best suits his schedule.

A. Santiago, Chile B. Tahiti, French Polynesia

C. Italian cities D. Managua, Nicaragua

55. The Jones are taking their nine-year-old son on an art trip, they would probably choose “_______”.

A. Mountains & Valleys Tour B. Do It Yourself W-Trek

C. Society Islands, Tahiti D. City Tour around Italy

56. Older people might refuse to consider Do It Yourself W-Trek because _______.

A. the price is too high B. the trip lasts a bit long

C. the hiking is tiring D. the age limit is loose

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)

阅读下面短文。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (注意:选E涂AB;选F涂AC;选G涂AD)

D

Effects ( 影响 ) of Television

Television affects the way people spend their time and what and how they learn. Some scientists believe TV has a greater infl uence on young people than on adults ( 成人 ) .

●Effects on free time

A typical ( 典型的 ) adult spends more time watching TV than doing anything else except sleeping and working. ___57___ It takes time away from other activities of adults, such as reading, conversation, social gatherings, and exercise.

●Effects on learning

Television is of great help to what home viewers learn. ___58___ However, TV also may add to people’s bad impressions of the world.

1. ___59___

No communication system has ever provided so many people with new experiences as television has. Without leaving their homes, TV viewers can see how people in far-off lands look and live. Television takes viewers to deserts, jungles ( 丛林 ) , and the ocean f loor. A TV viewer can see how a famous actor performs the role of Hamlet…

2. Harmful impressions

Television programs often show people who lead more wonderful lives and are richer than most of us. ___60___ As a result, the expectations of us are raised. One harmful effect results when people fail to achieve the success they see on TV.

●Effects on young people

___61___ Parents have long been concerned about the amount ( 数量 ) of time young people spend watching TV. Studies have connected watching a lot of television with poor performance in school. However, some experts don’t believe that TV viewing actually causes students to perform poorly.

A. Enriched experience

B. Fast communication

C. It improves people’s learning by widening their experience.

D. Watching television improves the students’ performance in school.

E. There is little agreement about how television affects young people.

F. In addition, TV advertisements try to persuade us to buy many unwanted goods.

G. Watching television may be the most time-costing free-time activity among adults.

第 II 卷 (共 56 分)

听力:非选择题部分 (共4小题。每小题1.5分, 满分6分)

第四部分:填空 (共三节, 满分20分)

第一节:单词拼写 (共5小题。每小题1分, 满分5分)

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释, 写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。 (每空只写一词)

66. She gladly gave up her part-time job and_______ ( 专心于 ) herself entirely to her art.66. ___________

67. The government sent millions of dollars’ _______ ( 价值 ) of supplies to the disaster-hit area. 67. ___________

68. Women and girls must be treated _______ ( 平等地 ) if a country is to grow. 68. ___________

69. This year, Buick got the fi rst place as the most _______ ( 可靠的 ) car in the world. 69. ___________

70. It will take the scientists six weeks to _______ ( 探测 ) the underwater mountains. 70. ___________

第二节:完成句子 (共5小题。每空1分, 满分10分)

根据所给汉意, 补全下列英文句子, 每空只填一词。

71. 让我们携手保护濒危物种, 使其不致灭绝。

Let’s work together to ________ endangered species ________ dying out.

72. 直到多年以后我才见到了保罗。

________ wasn’t until after many years ________ I met Paul.

73. 戴茜仍在和双方商谈以寻求解决问题的方法。

Daisy is still talking to both sides ________ ________ of a way to solve their problem.

74. 最终决断前你一定要花时间去真正地了解他。

Take the time to really learn about him before you ________ ________ your mind.

75. 她在以前的生活中从来没有经历过这样的困难。

Never before in her life has she _______ _______ such diffi culties.

第三节:短文填空 (共5小题。每小题1分, 满分5分)

在短文的空白处填入合适的单词, 使短文意义完整, 逻辑通顺。答案写在短文后面的指定位置。 (每空只填一词)

Do you know why English has changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop. Old English was very different from the English spoken today. It was 76 more on German than the English we speak at present. Then, English gradually became 77 like German because the settlers, who spoke fi rst Danish and later French, 78 Britain between about AD 800 and 1150. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. By the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make 79 of a wider vocabulary than ever before. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. Now, English is also spoken 80 a foreign or second language in many parts of the world.

76. ________ 77. ________ 78. ________ 79. ________ 80. ________

第五部分:写作 (共两节, 满分30分)

第四节:短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)

读下面的短文, 文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) , 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。

3. 必须按答题要求做题, 否则不给分。

Hi Susan,

We’re planning a party for Xiaoming’s birthday, that will be held at 8 pm this Friday after the evening classes. We’d like to invited you to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keep quietly about it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club, and each of them will prepare a little present. When he comes, and we’ll light the candles and sing “Happy Birthday” together for him. Then the cake will cut and we’ll sing several song and play games. The party is going to last about a hour. It’ll be nice to see how exciting he will be. I’m sure you would have a good time at the party, too.

Yours,

Li Hua

第五节:书面表达 (满分20分)

最近, 某英语报社就要不要继续寻找丢失的琥珀屋 (Amber Room) 展开了讨论。请你就以下要点写一篇短文 :

1. 它由精选稀有的琥珀制成, 并用金子和珠宝加以装饰。

2. 它的设计风格奇特, 具有很大的艺术学习价值。

3. 它是珍贵文化遗产, 具有历史研究价值。

4. 寻找的过程也是研究的过程, 所以值得寻找。

注意:1. 可以根据要点适当增加细节, 字数80左右。

2. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。

Recently, we had a discussion about whether we should continue to search for the Amber Room. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

附参考答案

I 卷

听力:1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C

单项选择:17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C 21.B 22.D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26.D

完形填空:27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31.B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B

阅读理解:47. C 48. B 49. D 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. G 58. C 59. A 60. F 61. E

II 卷

62. stadium 63. transport / transportation 64. English 65. Green

(62-65小题旨在考查学生在听中获取信息的能力。建议:62、63题中如有一个字母的拼写错误, 或64、65题中首字母小写, 可给分。)

66. devoted 67. worth 68. equally 69. reliable 70. explore

71. protect…from 72. It…that 73. in search 74. make up 75. gone through

76. based 77. less 78. ruled / governed / controlled 79. use 80. as

短文改错

Hi Susan,

We’re planning a party for Xiaoming’s birthday, will be held at 8 pm this Friday afterthe evening classes. We’d like toyou to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keepabout it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club, and each ofwillprepare a little present. When he comeswe’ll light the candles and sing “HappyBirthday” together for him. Then the cake willcut and we’ll sing severaand playgames. The party is going to last abouthour. It’ll be nice to see howhe will be.I’m sure youhave a good time at the party, too

Yours,

Li Hua

书面表达

One possible version

Most ofus think it is well worth doing. Firstly, several tons of rare amber were selected to make the Amber Room, which was also decorated with gold and jewels. Secondly, the design of the room was in such a fancy style that artists today can learn a lot from it. In addition, as a cultural relic, it is of great value to the study of history. Finally, while searching for it, we are also doing a kind of research. So there is no doubt that we should continue our search.

听力录音稿

Text 1

M: Excuse me, can you tell me if this bus goes to Park Square?

W: Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. I’ve only been here a few weeks myself.

Text 2

W: Why do you still lie in bed? Just look at the rubbish all around you.

M: You shouldn’t speak like that. I feel a bit sick today.

Text 3

W: When will we be arriving in London?

M: We still have to fl y another forty minutes before we arrive at Gatvick.

Text 4

M: If you’d like to go to the concert this Friday, my sister will give me two tickets for tomorrow.

W: Thank you, but I promised my friend that I’d watch her children.

Text 5

W: I’m not feeling so well.

M: Get some rest and take these three times a day and you will feel better. If you don’t, come back and see me.

Text 6

M: Hi, Lily. Is there anything I can do for you?

W: Oh, yes. I’d like to send a postcard to my grandparents. Where’s the post offi ce?

M: I’m going to the post offi ce after school. Shall I post it for you or shall we go together?

W: Let’s go together then. Tomorrow is my birthday. Will you come to my birthday party?

M: Wow, how great! I’d love to. I will bring you a gift.

W: Thanks. Oh, by the way, I don’t have many friends yet. Would you like to bring your friends too?

M: That will be wonderful. I’ll ask my best friends to join us. Can we gather at 6 pm after the classes?

W: Better a little later, say, 6:15 at the hall?

M: OK. We’re sure to have a good time.

W: Thanks a lot.

Text 7

M: It has been proved that animals and insects have their own languages.

W: Really? Tell me more!

M: Well, their languages are not like ours. They have no letters or characters.

W: Then how do you decide what they are?

M: It depends on what you see and hear. For example, bees can talk by dancing.

W: I see. I’m always wondering why my dog barks in certain ways. If I knew his language, I would get along with him better!

M: Actually you can. Someone in Japan has invented a machine to translate a dog’s bark.

W: Great! I’ve got to buy one — I hope it won’t be diffi cult to buy a machine like this.

Text 8

W: Hi, Sam, what do you think? We can go to the ruins today. We can also go to the ruins tomorrow.

M: Let’s go tomorrow. The students are all too tired today. One said that the room was not clean and that it was not very comfortable, either.

W: Well, I think the rooms are very clean and comfortable and I have slept very well in mine. Did you notice that Marco and Peter didn’t come to the talk?

M: I suppose they were tired, but that’s not a very good excuse. Well, after visiting the ruins tomorrow, we can then have a rest. We can go to the Indian Restaurant.

W: Good idea! That’s a very popular restaurant. I’m sure our students will like it.

Text 9

W: David, do men help out while women cook in your country?

M: I think it’s changed a lot over the years. Now, men are supposed to help cook and clean.

W: Does your father cook at home?

M: No. Usually, my mom makes the meals. But actually, what I fi nd interesting is that many young husbands will help cook.

W: That’s interesting. What about you, David? Do you cook at home?

M: Well, I don’t know how to cook. The best cook in our family is my dad, actually. And he actually used to get home earlier than my mom. So he would do most of the cooking.

W: Did you ever want to learn cooking?

M: No, I’m quite ashamed. I never did really learn cooking from my parents. Did your mother show you how to cook?

W: She did because she wanted me to learn more about her mother country, but it’s so diffi cult to cook Chinese meals.

Text 10

When choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. The fi rst is the sports facilities. The city must have an Olympic stadium and also has to provide fi rst-class training grounds. The chosen city should also have plenty of good hotels and must have an international airport nearby.

The city itself should be clean and public transport ought to be fast and convenient. If there were lots of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive.

高一英语期末复习方法漫谈 第4篇

一、学好英语的根本途径

众多的教育专家对外语学习的方法提出了许多独到的见解。国内知名语言学者王初明教授认为：外语是在交际需求的驱动下，在真实语境的体验里，在交流互动的过程中，在积极情感的配合下，通过长期大量的语言接触学会的。就英语学习而言，大家首先需要创设一个愿景：英语作为一种交际媒介，是助推大家未来学业和事业发展的重要工具。在以多元文化激荡碰撞为特点的当代社会，良好的英语能力是拓展自身国际视野和社会关系、高效获取信息和知识的基本保障。

我们平时学习的关键则在于：尽可能多接触英语。对中国大多数学生而言，这种接触主要通过阅读和听力的方式展开，辅以说和写。需要注意的是，这种接触应当主要是与文末的接触。仅仅通过背诵词汇书的形式学习英语是舍本求末的做法，并不值得提倡。因此，大家务必从文本的阅读中来掌握词汇和短语的用法，对于词汇的掌握尽量结合句子和语境。此外，适当的语言表达活动也是极有必要的。日常的阅读理解题并不能完全满足这方面的需要。一个比较有效的方法就是“读后写”活动，即在阅读文本后针对文章内容进行写作，比如，以甸子的形式回答问题，用一段话概括文章的大意，改写故事的结尾，等等。随着科技的进步，多媒体英语学习资源更加丰富和便捷，视听结合也是大家可以采用的、接触英语的另一方式，这将有助于大家阅读能力和听说能力的提高。

二、学好英语的好习惯

依据以上分析，我们认为以下学习习惯是学好英语的重要保障。

1.结合语境理解词汇和语法

词汇记忆是英语学习的重要任务，一些同学对此颇为犯难。解决的方法很多。由于英语是表音文字，背词汇的首要策略就是结合读音记忆，做到音形结合。在高中阶段，结合语境记忆单词则越发重要。比如，背诵satisfaction，可以结合look back on the past with satisfaction记忆。这样，词语的用法和意义变得更加鲜活，印象更加深刻，也非常有利于日后的提取和运用。

同样，对于语法规则的掌握也要结合大量详实的例句。语法是对自然状态中语言使用规则的一种归纳，语用是第一位的。语法的学习要从例句分析开始，在例句的研读中体会语法规则，考查他们是如何表达意义的。此外，每学到一个新的语法现象，我们可以在大脑中加以“排演”（rehearsal），想象一个表达情境来运用规则。比如，学习虚拟语气时，我们可以利用其规则表达自己对过去的遗憾：If I hadlistened to the teacher's advice，I would havedone a better job in yesterday's test.

2.适时归纳、形成系统

英语语言知识复杂繁多，这就需要我们适时地对所学知识进行总结归纳，按照一定的标准将各种知识组织成一个整体，以利于我们的掌握和运用。这个标准可以是话题、功能、意义、范畴、语法作用、词根词源、甚至仅仅是形式上的相似性等等。比如，从词根词源的角度，我们可以整理一下以consider为核心的词组的用法。

动词搭配1：consider sth./doing sth.（考虑……）

动词搭配2：be considered to do…（被认为做……）

动词搭配3：be considered as…（被认为是……=be regarded as…，be thought of as…）

名词搭配：take…into consideration（考虑到……=take…into account）

形容词搭配1：a considerate hostess（考虑周到的女房东）

形容词搭配2：have a considerable impacton（对……有相当大的、重要的影响）

这样的整理方式一方面结合语境以强化印象，一方面以旧带新、新旧结合，强化新知识的吸收效果。此外，该方法还从词义的角度，将意思相同、搭配相似的词汇知识加以整合。

3.在大量的阅读中体验语言

前面两者是英语学习的辅助方法，而大量的阅读则是通向英语王国的主干道。从现状看，同学们阅读英语的主要方式有课文阅读、试题阅读、报刊阅读、课外读本等，每种阅读方式应采用不同的处理策略。首先，课文是学习英语的主要材料，大家需要全面、深刻地掌握课文所承载的知识和技能。但是课文仅能满足最基本的学习需求，大家在试题阅读中会接触到更多的语篇，这些语篇是巩固知识、训练技能的重要材料。一方面大家需要关注如何快速地判断答案，另一方面还要关注对阅读文本的后期加工，即做完题后对文章的词汇知识、话题信息、叙述方式进行一定的学习。同学们需要在做完题后问问自己：这篇文章有哪些好词好句值得学习？通过文章我到底了解了哪些新的信息？文章是如何组织和呈现信息的？唯有这样，“应试”方可转化为“促学”。

课文和试题语篇通常定位于精读，报刊阅读和课外读本则主要定位于泛读，其目的在于提高阅读的流畅度，在快速的阅读中巩固词汇和语法知识，获取丰富的百科知识。因此，大家可以依据自己的需求个性化地处理泛读文本。做读书笔记是一个很好的方法，可以促进自己对文本的学习和反思。大家可以利用笔记积累一些好词好句，分析阅读内容，记录自己的阅读感悟。

三、科学的考试策略

考试，不同于日常的学习，它是对学习结果的一种考查。因此，考试策略必然不同于平时的学习策略，每种题型都有其相应的解题步骤。了解并熟悉这些步骤是我们必须掌握的重要技能。下面简述一下各种题型常规的处理方式。

听力开始前，大家首先需要快速浏览题目，借以了解听力文本的情境、话题和大意，同时形成听的目的，以便于自己能够专注于缺失的信息。在做单项选择题时，我们需要首先明确题干所表达的意义，根据表达意思的需要选择恰当的词汇。当前单选题的四个选项，用语法正确性角度看往往都能够填入题干，但只有一个符合句意。

与此一脉相承的是处理完形填空时，第一步就是跳过空格快速浏览全文，了解大意，第二步才是具体到每一段、每一句，根据文章的需要选择词汇。遇到难以决定的选项时，应该暂时略过，因为随着文章意思变得更加明晰和具体，你可以拥有更多的线索帮助自己做出选择。

做阅读理解时，大家应首先浏览文章后的问题，明确阅读目的，然后通读全文，了解大意，并在此基础上定位每道题的相关段落和语句，适当加以研读，进而做出选择。

高一政治学科期末复习提纲 第5篇

第一单元

1、货币的本质和基本职能

2、商品的含义

3、影响价格的因素

4、价值规律的基本内容和表现形式

5、价格变动的影响

6、消费结构

7、几种主要的消费心理

第二单元

1、生产与消费的关系

2、我国大力发展生产力的原因和途径

3、我国基本经济制度的具体内容

4、坚持社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度的原因

5、公司的基本形式

6、公司经营成功的主要因素

7、依法维护劳动者的合法权益

8、几种主要的投资方式及其特点 第三单元

1、我国的分配制度的具体内容

2、收入公平的含义和途径

3、效率与公平的关系

4、财政收支平衡、财政赤字的基本含义

5、影响财政收入的因素

6、国家财政的巨大作用

7、税收的含义和基本特征

8、依法纳税是公民的基本义务

第四单元

1、市场配置资源的优点和局限性

2、规范市场秩序重要性和途径

3、社会主义市场经济的含义和基本特征

4、国家宏观调控的必要性、目标和手段

5、总体小康和全面小康的区别

6、科学发展观的内涵

7、如何促进国民经济又好又快发展

8、经济全球化的含义、表现、载体及其影响

9、世界贸易组织的基本原则

10、如何进一步提高对外开放水平

语文期末考试复习提纲 第6篇

一、考试范围：第1课~~第10课

二、考试重难点：

1、《人的高贵在于灵魂》作者周国平，本文是一篇说理性散文，它告诉我们：人的高贵在于灵魂，作为肉身的人，并无高低贵贱之分，唯有作为灵魂的人，由于内心世界的巨大差异，才分出了高贵和平庸，高尚和卑鄙。

2、《一碗清汤荞麦面》作者日本栗良平，文章围绕“一碗清汤荞麦面”为线索，为我们讲述了一个感人肺腑的故事，从中可以使我们得到灵魂的熏陶，从而在以后的工作和生活中保持主动进取、乐观向上的积极心态。

3、《牛顿上大学的第一天》是一篇人物传记，文章就写了两件事：一是上学途中与绅士的谈话；二是到学校后与导师的谈话。文章用了大量的篇幅写人物的对话，且对话中主角牛顿的话并不多，却为我们勾画出了一个机警敏捷而又拘谨畏缩的少年牛顿的形象。

4、《天堂与地狱比邻》选自美国著名的企业家洛克菲勒写给儿子的38封信中的第3封信，从中我们可以读出一个功成名就的企业家是如何看待劳动、看待职业，又是如何对待自己的工作的。

5、《员工守则》节选自中国石油化工集团公司的员工守则，这份员工守则打破了规章制度千人一面的写法，特别是“总经理致辞”和“温馨提示”既强调了工作理念，又使得文本有可读性和亲和力。

6、《信客》节选自余秋雨的《文化苦旅》，课文用讲故事的方式，将两代信客的职业人生展现在我们面前，读来使人欷歔不己，感慨万千。

7、《好雪片片》来源于唐代著名的禅师庞蕴的典故，它的意思是好雪片片，在眼前飘落，你就尽情欣赏天地间这一片风光吧，这个典故告诉了我们只要我们善于发现，用心感悟，生活时时处处都有美道理。

8、《项链》原题为《首饰》，小说以项链为线索展开故事情节，写得跌宕起伏，引人入胜，尤其是独特巧妙的结尾，既出乎意料又合乎情理，极富戏剧性。

9、《我有一个梦想》是一篇演讲词，是1963年美国黑人“民权运动”的领导人马丁·路德·金，在美国首都华盛顿的林肯纪念堂举行游行示威时发表的。