奥巴马上海演讲词-中英

奥巴马上海演讲词-中英（精选6篇）

奥巴马上海演讲词-中英 第1篇

所有这些都是你们知道关于美国的一些情况，我们有很多要从中国学习。我们看看这个伟大城市的各地，也看看这个房间，我就相信我们两国有很重要的共同点，也就是对未来的信念，不管是美国还是中国，对现在的成就不能感到自满。虽然中国是一个古老的国家，你们也是充满信心展望未来，致力于下一代能够比这一代做的更好，除了你们不断增长的经济之外，我们很配合中国在科学和研究方面所投入的力量，包括建设的基础设施和使用的技术，中国是世界上使用互联网技术最多的国家，这就是我们很高兴互联网是今天活动的一部分，这个国家也拥有最大的机动电话网络，对新的投资保持继续增长，和应对气候变化方面有新的投资，我也希望两国加强这方面的合作。

但是更重要是看到年轻人你们的才能、你们的献身精神、你们的梦想在21世纪实现方面会发挥很大的作用。我说过很多次，我认为世界是互相连接的，我们所做的工作，我们所建立的繁荣，我们所保护的环境，我们所追求的安全，所有这些都是共同的，而且是互相连接的，所以21世纪的实力不在零和游戏，一个国家成功不应该以另外一个国家的牺牲作为代价。这就是我们为什么不寻求遏制中国的崛起。相反，我们欢迎中国作为一个国际社会的强的、繁荣的、成功的成员。

再回到刚才的谚语，我们应该考虑过去。在大的国家合作的时候，就比互相碰撞会取得更多得好处，这就是人类在历史上不断吸取的教训。我认为我们合作应该是超越政府间的合作，应该是以人民为基础，我们所研究的内容，我们所从事的生意，我们所获得的知识，我们所进行的体育比赛，所有这些桥梁必须是年轻人共同合作建立起来，这就是我为什么非常高兴我们要大大的宣布我们到中国学习的留学生人数，要增加到10万人。这样交流就会表现出我们是愿意致力于加强两国人民的联系，而且我是绝对有信心。对美国来说，最好的大使、最好的使者就是年轻人，他们和你们一样，很有才能，充满活力，对未来的历史还是很乐观的，这是我们合作的下一步，惠及两国和全世界。

今天可以吸收的一个最重要的内容就是我们不断地向前推进。非常感谢。现在欢迎各位提问题。

奥巴马上海演讲词-中英 第2篇

大选年，奥巴马为了博得选举天然不肯放过任何一个推销自己的机会。在此次的白宫记者协会接待晚宴的演说中，奥巴马锋利吐槽、大度自嘲，暗讽对手，用诙谐幽默给自己加分不少。

Host：Could someone back there please turnoff the Presidents mic? I think the Presidents mic is hot, please turn it off.Thank you.Thank you.后台哪位帮忙把总统的麦克风关一下？我感受总统的麦克风没有关，请帮忙关一下，谢谢，谢谢。

（首尔核峰会上奥巴马与梅德韦杰夫的私聊因为没关麦克风被暴光，之前的G20戛纳峰会中一样因为没关麦克风而暴光了他与萨科齐的私聊，两次事宜都在国内掀起轩然大波。）

Obama：Great.I gotta get warmed up.I...Imso in love...God!I totally had that.Seriously guys, what am Idoing here?

太棒了，我来个热身。我……我太爱你……（一月份演讲时他唱过Al Green这首歌）天哪！我真是擅长唱歌！说端庄的各位，我来这是干甚么的？

Im the President of the United States, and Im openning for Jimmy Kimmel? I have the nuclearcodes, why am I telling “knock knock” jokes to Kim Kardashian? Why is she famous anyway?

我可是美国总统啊，我竟然为吉米·凯莫（ABC电视台深夜脱口秀主持人）热场？我是手握核兵器的管辖（美国总统有一只广为撒布的“核按钮手提箱”，里面存放着启动美国核兵器的暗码），干吗要来这给卡戴珊讲“拍门”笑话？她到底为啥出名呢？

（卡戴珊最有名的标签是“帕丽斯·希尔顿的挚友”，她是罗伯特·卡戴珊的女儿，奥多姆的大姨子。卡戴珊因性爱视频而出名。）

Thats it.Next year we send Biden.Now youre right.Its way too risky.我受够了。明年让拜登替我来好了。你说得对，这么干太危险。（拜登可是口误帝）Wow, look at my hair.It really went gray.Do you think anybody would notice if I just went a little darker? Right now like a five on the “Just For Men” scale.I think I would go to 6 and nobody would notice.哇，看我的头发。一片灰白啊！你说我若是染黑一点会有人发现不？按照“Just For Men”（有名染发产品）的标准，我目前只剩5分黑了。我感受我若是染成6分黑也该当不会有人注意吧。

Is theworking? Are you kidding? What do you expect me to do out there? I literally have no idea what Im saying tonight.提词器准备好没？（自嘲演讲全靠提词器）开甚么玩笑？那我一会上场如何语言啊？我底子不知道今晚要说点甚么。

Man!I could really use a cigarette right now.唉，目前真想抽根烟！（自嘲之前是烟鬼）

Okay, okay, Im going.God forbid wekeep Chuck Todd and the cast of Glee waiting.好了好了，这就上场。谁敢让查克·陶德（美国国家播送公司政治中心主管）和Glee剧组久等啊！

Host：Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome the President of the United States.女士们先生们，掌声有请美国总统！

Obama：Thank you!Good evening everybody.Good evening!I could not be more thrilled to be here tonight atthe White HouseDinner.That is great crowd.They are already laughing.Its terrific.谢谢！早晨好各位，早晨好！本日我怀着非常冲动的心情来列席白宫记者晚宴。这观众太好了，还没最早就笑成这样，太好了！

Chuck Todd--love you, brother.I’m delighted to see some of the cast members of Glee are here.And Jimmy Kimmel, it’s an honor, man.What’s so funny?

查克·陶德，哥们我爱你哦！我很兴奋见到Glee剧组也加入了。还有吉米·凯莫，真是荣幸啊!有啥好笑的？

My fellow Americans, we gather duringa historic.Last year atthis time--in fact, on this very weekend--we finally delivered justice to one of the world’s most individuals.亲爱的美国同胞们，我们欢聚在这具有历史意义的周年纪念日。去年的这个时间，现实上恰是在统一个周末，我们终于将世界上最臭名昭著的恶人处死。（“大恶人”Trump中枪，去年晚宴被凶猛吐槽）

Now, this year, we gather in the midst of a heated election season.And Axelrod tells me I should never miss a chance to re introduce myself to the American people.So tonight, this is how I’d like to begin: My name is Barack Obama.My mother was born in Kansas.My father was born in Kenya.And Iwas born, of course, in Hawaii.往年，在白热化的大选季我们再次聚会，Axelrod（奥巴马的照料）说我不该当错过任何从新向美国人平易近介绍自己的机会。所以今晚我打算就这样收场：我名叫贝拉克·奥巴马，我母亲出身在堪萨斯，我父亲出身在肯尼亚，而我出身在：当然是夏威夷。（用眨眼来自嘲对手质疑自己出生地证明事宜）

In 2009, I took office in the face of somechallenges.Now,some have said I blame too many problems on my predecessor, but let’s not forget that’s a practice that was initiated by George W.Bush.Since then, Congress and I have certainly had our differences;yet, I’ve tried to be civil, to not take any cheap shots.And that’s why I want to especially thank all the members who took a break from their exhausting schedule of not passing any laws to be here tonight.Let’s give them a big round of applause.2009年我就任总统时面对浩繁艰巨挑战。目前许多人说我把太多问题归咎于前任身上，但大家别忘了，这样的做法是小布什创始的。（这句自己就是推给前任）从那时起，国会跟我就矛盾不时，但我尽管连结风度，从不阴损吐槽。所以我本日要迥殊谢谢那些从无所事事的百忙傍边抽空加入的国会议员。（这就是cheap shot阴损吐槽啊）大家把热烈的掌声献给他们吧。

Despite many, much has changedduring my time in office.Four years ago, I was locked in a brutalprimary battle with Hillary Clinton.Four years later, she won’t stop drunk-texting me from Cartagena.尽管险阻重重，但自我上任以来，许多事都有所窜改，四年前，我跟希拉里在初选中斗

得你死我活；四年后，她一喝多就从Cartagena给我发短信（希拉里比来走红的短信照和喝酒照，Cartagena也是特工嫖妓门的发生地）。

Four years ago, I was a Washingtonoutsider.Four years later, I’m at this dinner.Four years ago, It looked like this.Today, I look like this.And four years from now,I will look like this.That’s not even funny.四年前，我是首都官场圈外人；四年后，我出目前白宫晚宴上。四年前，我长这样；四年后，我长这样；再过四年，我就会长成这样了（摩根·弗里曼）。一点也欠好笑。

Anyway, it’s great to be here this evening in the vast, magnificent Hilton ballroom--or what Mitt Romney would call a little fixer-upper.I mean, look at this party.We’ve got men in , women in gowns, fine wine, first-class entertainment.I was just relieved to learn this was not a GSA conference.Unbelievable.Not even the mind reader knew what they were thinking.总之，我很兴奋今晚来到这宏伟光辉的希尔顿舞厅，或者用罗姆尼的话来讲叫“日久失修的小破屋”（暗指罗姆尼是富二代）。我想说，瞧这派对，有衣着燕尾服的绅士，穿晚军服的淑女，醉人美酒和一流上演——据说这不是GSA大会我才宁神（联邦当局总务署公款吃喝事宜）。难以置信啊！连读心术都看不到他们脑子里的设法（指脑袋空空）。Of course, the White House Correspondents’ Dinner is known as theof Washington D.C.--aterm coined by political reporters who clearly never had the chance to go to an actual prom.当然了，白宫记者晚宴又被成为“首都卒业舞会”。发现这个词的记者显然从没真正参加过真正的卒业舞会。

Our chaperone for the evening is Jimmy Kimmel--who is perfect for the job since most of tonight’saudience is in his key--people who fall asleep during Night line.Jimmy got his start years ago on TheMan Show.In Washington, that’s what we call a congressional hearing on contraception.我们今晚的“监护人”是吉米·凯莫（指卒业舞会的成年监护人），他是这个职位的不二人选，因为今晚观众都是他的方针人群:那些看Nightline（凯莫节目之前播出的晚新闻）睡着没关电视的人。吉米多年前在“男子秀”出道。在华盛顿，“男子秀”是关于女性避孕药品的国会听证（暗讽关于女性话题的听证会全是男子列席）。

And plenty of journalists are here tonight.Id be remiss if I didn’t congratulate the Huffington Poston their Pulitzer Prize.You deserve it, Arianna.Theres no oneelse out there linking to the kinds of hard-hitting journalism that HuffPo is linking to every single day.Give them a round ofapplause.And you don’t pay them--its a great business model.今晚浩繁媒体人加入，我必必要恭喜“赫芬顿邮报”得到普利策奖。Arianna（该报女掌门），你们当之无愧！没人能像你们一样每天“链接”到这么多的锋利新闻（指赫芬顿邮报的新闻都是盗用别家链接）。请把掌声献给他们。你们还不付原作者钱，这是种伟大的经营模式啊！

Even Sarah Palin is getting back intothe game, guest hosting on The Today Show--which reminds me of an old saying: Whats the difference between a hockey mom and a pit bull? A pit bull is delicious.A little soy sauce.连佩林都重返舞台了，在“今日秀”做贵客主持。这使我想起一句老话：“冰球老妈和牛头犬有甚么不同”（这句的内在是说二者一样）。牛头犬的味道好极了。（自嘲6岁吃狗肉事宜）再加点酱油。

Now, I know at this point many of you are expecting me to go after my likely opponent, Newt Gingrich.Newt, theres still time, man.But Im not going to do that--Im not going to attack

any of the Republican candidates.Take MittRomney--he and I actually have a lot in common.We both think of our wives as our better halves, and polls show, to a alarminglyinsulting extent, the American people agree.We also both have degrees from Harvard;I have one, he has two.What as nob.目前，说道这里我知道很多人都在等候我出言攻击将来的敌手，金里奇。纽特你还来得及啊！但我不会那么做。我不会攻击任何共和党候选人。比如鲁姆你，我们两个其实有很多合营点，我们都认为自己的老婆比自己更优秀。并且平易近意调查显示，令人震惊而难堪的是，很大一部分美国人也这样认为（他俩都没老婆受欢迎）。我们都有哈佛的学位，我有一个，他有两个。真是势利小人。

Of course, weve also had our differences.Recently, his campaign criticized me for slow jamming the news with Jimmy Fallon.In fact, I understand Governor Romney was so incensed he asked his staff if he could get some equal time on The Merv Griffin Show.Still, I guess Governor Romney is feeling pretty good about things because he took a few hours off the other day to see The Hunger Games--some of you have seen it.Its amovie about people who court wealthy sponsors and then brutally savage each other until only one contestant is left standing.Im sure this was a really good change of pace for him.I have not seen The Hunger Games;not enough class warfare for me.当然我俩也有不同之处，近年来他的竞选团队品评我和吉米·法伦表演的“最慢新闻风”。现实上，我知道罗姆尼州长气疯了，一直问手下可否上“Merv Griffin秀”（1986年就停播的电视节目）也来这么一长段。并且我举得罗姆尼比来的心情还是不错的，因为前几天他抽工夫去看了“饥饿游戏”，有些人看过了，电影讲述的是一群人围了取悦援助人残忍搏杀，直到剩下末了一名幸存者的故事。他看了这电影绝对能够转换心情啊。我还没看过“饥饿游戏”，对我来讲片中的“阶层斗争”（共和党将税务问题称为“阶层斗争”）。

Of course, I know everybody is predicting aelection, an dthankfully, weve all agreed that families are off limits.Dogs,however, are apparently fair game.And while both campaigns have had some fun with this, the other day I saw a new ad from one of these outside groups that, frankly,I think crossed the line.I know Governor Romney says he has no control over what his super PACs do,but can we show the ad real quick?(Video is played.)当然我知道大家都认为本届选战将会不择手段，亏得，我们都赞成祸不殃及家人。然则对于狗，显然就是公平竞争了。两边阵营都拿这事玩得很高兴。某天我看到这段竞选团队制作的视频，说实话，我感受过分了。我知道罗姆尼自称跟他的“超级PAC”绝无通同，我们来看一下这段张扬告白吧。（播放视频竞争对手罗姆尼团队制作的攻击奥巴马视频，我靠敢这样公开抹黑现任总统）

That’s prettyrough，but I can take it,because my stepfather always told me, its a boy-eat-dog world out there.这一段太横暴了，但我还能忍耐得住。因为我的继父经常辅导我，这是个“童咬狗”的世界（自嘲被罗姆尼阵营暴光的6岁吃狗肉事宜，双关讽刺对手“咬狗”）。

Now, if I do win a second term as President, let me just say something to all the--let me just say something to all my-oriented friendson the right who think I am planning to unleash some secret agenda:You are absolutely right.So allow me to close with a quick preview of the secret agenda you can expect in a second Obamaadministration.目前，若是我真的博得蝉联，我想告诉所有深嗜诡计论的右派同伙，你们认为我企图进行某些隐秘计划，你们说得一点没错。所以结尾部分我要预报一下在我的第二任期内将

泛起的隐秘计划。

In my first term, I sang Al Green;inmy second term, Im going with Young Jeezy.Michelle said, yeah.Ising that to her sometimes.In my first term, we ended the war in Iraq;in my second term, I will win the war on Christmas.In my first term, we repealed the policy known as “dont ask, dont tell”--wait, though;in my second term, we will replace it with a policy known as, its raining men.In my first term, we passed health carereform;in my second term, I guess Ill pass it again.在我的第一任期我唱了Al Green的歌，在我的第二任期，我要唱Young Jeezy。米歇尔说：“好啊。”我有时间会给她唱。在我的第一任期我们竣事了伊拉克战争，在第二任期，我们会打赢“圣诞之战”（共和党上纲上线捏造的战争）。在我的第一任期，我们倾覆了“不问不说”政策（部队的鄙视同性恋政策），先别急，在我的第二任期，我们会将此政策更换成“漫天基情”（典型的男同性恋歌曲）。在我第一任期，我们通过了医保改革；在我的第二任期，我想我得再通过一次（共和党企图倾覆医保改革）。

I do want to end tonight on as lightly more serious note--whoever takes the oath of office next January will face some great challenges, but he will also in herittraditions that make us greater than the challenges we face.And one of those traditions is represented here tonight: a free press that is not afraid to ask questions, to examine and to criticize.And in service of that mission, all of you make sacrifices.其实我想用端庄点的内容做今晚的结语，不管明年一月谁宣誓就任都会面对严峻的磨练，但他也会继承使我们能克服磨练的传统精力。今晚各位所代表的就是这样的传统精力。媒体自由让我们不怕质疑，勇于调查，直言批判。而为了这样的方针，你们所有人都做出了牺牲。

Tonight, we remember journalists such as Anthony Shadid and Marie Colvin--who made thesacrifice as they sought to shine a light on some of the most important stories of our time.So whether you are a blogger or a broadcaster, whether you take on powerful interests here at home or put yourself in harms way overseas, I have the greatest respect and admiration for what you do.I know sometimes you like to give me a hard time--and I certainly like to return the favor--but I never forget that our country depends on you.You help protect our freedom, our democracy, and our way of life.今晚，让我们来纪念像Anthony Shadid和Marie Colvin这样的大胆记者（都是在国外报导时殉职），他们为了将当代最重大的新闻公诸于世付出了崇高的牺牲。所以不管你是博客作者还是媒体主播，不管你是在国内尽力报导还是在海外身处险境，我都对你们的事业表示最高的尊重和敬意。我知道有时间你们喜欢让我难堪，我也非常想以牙还牙。但我从未忘掉我们的国家需要你们。你们帮我们捍卫自由、民主和我们的生活方式。（本次演讲的精髓正题，标榜美国的民主媒体言论自由）

And just to set the record straight,I really do enjoy attending these dinners.In fact, I had a lot more material prepared, but I have to get the Secret Service home in time for their new.最后说点直接的，我非常喜欢参加这样的晚宴。我本来准备了很多段子，但我得让特勤局特工们早点回家向老婆报到（自嘲特勤局特工集体招妓事件，此时镜头切换给毫无表情的总统保镖们）。

论奥巴马访华上海演讲之修辞论辩 第3篇

古希腊和古罗马文化乃西方文化之根, 而亚里士多德的《修辞学》正是西方修辞学的奠基之作。亚里士多德在其《修辞学》的第一章就指出:“修辞学是论辩术的对应物, 因为二者都论证那种在一定程度上是人人都能认识的事理。”意为西方修辞学和论辩术是用来论证一般事理的, 并强调“说服的方式是该技巧仅有的真正的组成部分”。亚里士多德定义“修辞学”为:“一种能在任何一个问题上找出可能的说服方式的功能。”[1]因此得出结论:古典西方修辞学实际上是和论辩术密不可分、相辅相成的。

奥巴马是改写美国乃至人类历史的美国新一任总统, 学者们从政治学、社会学、语言学、传播学和修辞学等方面对之进行分析研究, 大部分修辞学者着重对其演说的修辞策略、修辞风格和修辞手段等方面进行分析, 但是, 在文献检索中, 我未查到有关对奥巴马演说中修辞论辩至关重要作用的认识与分析方面的讨论, 这是因为虽然修辞论辩是西方修辞学的核心概念, 但是在中国学界中却长期处于被忽视的状态。现代对理性的过分强调, 致使修辞论辩某些成分不被现代大众认识及有效使用, 未能发挥其极具说服力的作用。

奥巴马作为首位上任第一年就访问中国的美国总统, 于2009年11月16日在上海科技馆发表来华首访演讲。本文拟对奥巴马来华上海演讲中的修辞理性论辩 (rhetorical logos argumentation) ———归纳论辩、比较论辩、因果论辩、例证论辩、信誉论辩 (ethos argumentation) ———诉诸本人信誉的论辩、诉诸第三者信誉的论辩及情感论辩 (pathos argumentation) ———诉诸流行论辩、诉诸怜悯的论辩进行分析, 彰显修辞论辩起到的强有力说服作用, 以期引起学界同仁对修辞论辩研究的关注。

二、国内外论辩研究概述

在古希腊罗马文化中, 修辞学主要研究以可能性和或然性为基础以说服为目的的论辩演说, 因而西方修辞学从根本上讲是一种论辩的艺术。但是在后来的发展中, 西方修辞学中说服和论辩的因素很遗憾地几乎被遗忘。直至1958年, 两位哲学家的两部巨作诞生, 使古典修辞学传统得以复兴, 出现了“新修辞学”。这两位分别是比利时哲学家佩雷尔曼 (Chaim Perelman) [2], 代表作为《新修辞学:论论辩》 (1) ;另一位是英国哲学家图尔明 (Stephen Toulmin) [3], 代表作为《论辩的使用》。这两部著作对后来的论辩研究产生了深远的影响。在当今西方学术界, 论辩研究已经成为一门“显学”。学者从各种角度提出研究模式, 如约翰逊 (Ralph Johnson, 1980) [4]的非形式逻辑, 伍兹 (John Woods) 和沃尔顿 (Douglas Walton, 1989) [5]的谬误论, 威廉德 (Charles Willard, 1989) [6]的社会认识论, 艾默伦 (Frans H.van Eemeren, 1992) [7]的语用—辩证法, 蒂得尔 (Christopher W.Tindale, 1999) [8]的修辞论辩, 等等。

在国内学术界, 汪嘉斐提出:“对于新论辩研究的译介和独立研究, 迄今为止却还极其有限, 这自然不能不令人之感遗憾。”[9] (P1) 为数不多的对之进行译介及研究的学者有施旭 (1992) [10]、刘亚猛 (1995) [11]、胡曙中 (1999) [12]、樊明明 (2003) [13]、温科学 (2006) [14]等。其中, 樊明明先生对修辞论辩的机制进行了独立的深入研究。

三、修辞论辩的界定

樊明明将修辞论辩定义为:“在不确定条件下对论题、主张进行合理维护的一种言语实践, 旨在说服受众, 赢得他们的认同, 促使其采取行动。”[15]修辞论辩是一种实践, 它是人们的一种日常性的言语活动和社会活动;修辞论辩是对论题进行合理维护的一种实践, 它抛弃了形式逻辑中“分析”、“证明”的概念, 承认论辩结果的或然性;它将论辩的合理性与一定范围内盛行的标准和道德规范联系起来, 认为论辩要充分考虑受众的具体情况, 包括他们的价值取向, 只要赢得他们的认同, 论辩便是可接受的[13]。

修辞论辩应当采用形式逻辑和非形式逻辑两种论辩推理手段, 应当综合演绎和非演绎的所有推理方法, 综合理论推理和实用推理的所有方法。由于我们身处的世界是一个或然性的世界, 修辞论辩的目的不仅要证明论题的“真”, 而且要说服听众相信论题的合理性, 促使其采取行动。综合运用理性论辩 (包括逻辑理性论辩和修辞理性论辩) 、信誉论辩和情感论辩的诸多手段是修辞论辩的必然选择[15]。因此, 修辞论辩由理性论辩 (包括逻辑理性论辩和修辞理性论辩) 、信誉论辩和情感论辩三部分组成。

四、奥巴马访华上海演讲内容

奥巴马以上海话“侬好”作为开场, 博得现场热烈掌声。演讲从六个方面进行:历史纽带、中美合作、美价值观、学习中国、未来实力、中美交流。在谈历史纽带中, 奥巴马以乒乓外交解冻中美关系为开篇, 回顾了从华盛顿以来中美两国的友好交流历史, 感受了二战时期两国同一条战壕里的战友情深;在谈中美合作中, 论述了30年来中美贸易高速发展的历程, 强调了贸易对于中美关系和两国人民的重要性。他认为中美贸易的发展让很多中国人脱贫, 让中国发展起来;中美贸易也创造了美国的就业机会, 让美国人民的生活更美好, 并以此说明贸易往来互利互惠的重要性。在谈美国价值观中, 讲述了不强制将政体传给别国。民主、自由、人权等是美国坚持的核心价值观。美国的价值观形成和得到体现是一步一步完成的。自由和人人平等的原则逐步得到体现, 而他作为黑人后裔能当选总统, 就是美国价值观的集中体现。在谈学习中国中, 奥巴马表示有很多方面要向中国学习。除了不断增长的经济之外, 也很佩服中国在科学和研究方面所投入的力量, 中国是世界上使用互联网技术最多的国家, 对新领域的投资保持着继续增长, 在应对气候变化方面也有新的投资, 希望两国加强这方面的合作。在谈未来实力中, 奥巴马强调不寻求遏制中国的崛起, 认为世界是互相连接的, 各国所做的工作, 各国所建立的繁荣, 各国所保护的环境, 各国所追求的安全, 所有这些都是共同的, 考虑到这些互联性, 所以21世纪的实力不是零和游戏。在谈中美交流中, 奥巴马表示合作应该是超越政府间的合作, 应该是以人民为基础。最好的使者就是年轻人, 并展望了建立21世纪中美密切合作、互惠双赢关系的美好前景。

五、奥巴马修辞论辩的建构

演讲就是一种论辩, “演说人的演说论辩可能正是针对反对者的某一观点进行的”, 因此, “修辞论辩是一种交互式论辩”;演说者和听众“存在一种‘隐形’的交互式对话”, 虽然演说者无法听到听众的意见, “但演说者要对听众可能产生的疑问、反驳、不同观点进行辩解与论辩”, [13]演说者对听众“隐形”的声音做出相应的回应, 才可能说服听众接受他的主张及观点, 才可能成就一次精彩的演讲。

奥巴马的上海演讲, 一如他那精彩的当选演讲和就职演说, 真挚、谦逊、严密、自信、大气, 深入浅出、情理交融, 给人留下了深刻印象。之所以精彩, 我认为与奥巴马卓越的修辞论辩的运用密切相关。以下对此篇演讲的修辞论辩三部分一一作实证分析。由于逻辑理性论辩属于平时使用较多的论辩形式, 本文不作探讨。着重分析修辞理性论辩、信誉论辩和情感论辩三部分。

1. 修辞理性论辩

奥巴马的修辞理性论辩由归纳论辩、比较论辩、因果论辩及例证论辩组成。

(1) 归纳论辩

归纳论辩有两种形式:枚举归纳法和综合归纳法。奥巴马采用了枚举归纳法来阐释民主自由的道路上每前进一步都不容易, 对核心原则的信念是作为在最黑暗的风暴当中的指南针。如:“这就是为什么林肯能在内战风雨飘摇中挺身而出, 并宣称以自由、以人人生而平等为原则的国家能够长久存在;也就是为什么马丁·路德·金博士能挺立在林肯纪念馆的台阶前呼吁我们的国家必须真正的实现我们的信念;也就是为什么来自中国或者肯尼亚的移民能在美国安家;也就是为什么机遇会降临每个为这个信仰奋斗的人;也就是为什么像我这样一个不到50年前在某些地方连投票都遭遇困难的人, 现在能够当上那个国家的总统。” (2) 用枚举归纳法把历史进程中的重要推进以排比句的形式一一列出, 给人强烈的真实感及立体感。

(2) 比较论辩

比较论辩以两种形式存在:对比论辩及类比论辩。奥巴马在此篇演讲中采用了对比论辩。对比论辩是把两种相互对立或彼此相关的事物进行对照, 说明事理的相同或相异之处, 借以说明自己的主张。“很抱歉, 我的中文远不如你们的英文, 但是我期待和你们的对话。”一句谦和的对比, 拉近了演讲者与受众的关系, 使听众愿意跟其走下去, 听听奥巴马的下文;再如:“中国是一个文明古国, 它有着博大精深的文化。相比之下, 美国是一个年轻的国度。”这一对比又尽显演讲者的谦虚态度;又如:“1979年美中贸易只有50亿美元, 现在已经超过了4000亿美元。”鲜明的数字对比, 以示30年美中贸易取得了长足的进展, 极大地增强了说服力。

(3) 因果论辩

任何事情有因就有果, 但是, 只有那种值得重视的值得思考的因果才会被人说出来, 以引起受众的重视, 因而起到突出、强调的作用。在谈到中美关系时, 奥巴马表示:“所有这些都是共同的, 考虑到这些互联性, 所以21世纪的实力不是零和游戏, 一个国家成功不应该以另外一个国家的牺牲作为代价。这就是为什么我们不寻求遏制中国的崛起。”奥巴马用的因果倒叙法, 先说结果再说原因, 给听众一种“原来如此”的感觉, 令人印象深刻, 听众潜意识中更容易接受奥巴马的主张。

(4) 例证论辩

例证论辩是对一系列事实的一部分进行描写或归纳, 以此来增强说服力。当谈到历史纽带时, 奥巴马深情举例:“比如美国人永远不会忘记, 在二战期间, 美国飞行员在中国上空被击落后, 中国人民不顾失去一切的危险对他们热情地款待及悉心地照料。”此时的隐形论辩发生的场景可以如此描述:听众听到奥巴马说“两国人民打造深厚的, 甚至激动人心的纽带”, 不禁要问:为何如是说呢?而奥巴马及时恰当地使用了例证论辩, 举出这个例子, 打消了听众隐含的疑问, 争取到了听众的情感。

2. 信誉论辩

奥巴马上海演讲使用了信誉论辩中的诉诸本人信誉的论辩和诉诸第三者信誉的论辩两种形式。

(1) 诉诸本人信誉的论辩

亚里士多德说:“演说者要使人信服, 须具有三种品质, 因为使人信服的品质有三种, 这三种都不需要证明的帮助, 他们是见识、美德和好意。”[16]演说者缺乏见识就无法提出正确的见解, 虽有见识但缺乏美德就不可能把他们的见解说出来;即使是有见识、有美德, 但没有好意也不会费心地把知道的说出来, 因此, 如果演说者同时展示出这三种品质的话, 必然能使听众信服。而奥巴马就在这次演说中看似不经意地就展示了这三种品德, 无形中增加了听众的信服度。从独立初期的乔治·华盛顿对“中国皇后号”商船的派遣, 《上海公报》的问世, 经济的复苏, 洁净能源的开发, 制止核武器扩散, 以及应对气候变化, 到最后的《战国策》中“前事不忘, 后事之师” (3) 的引用, 奥巴马的见识展示无疑, 听众不得不佩服他的博学多才及深厚的文学功底。而奥巴马的美德则在这句话中尽显:“我有一个非常简单的向往, 民主制度的一些核心原则, 即人人生而平等;都拥有基本权利;而政府应该反映人们的意志、对人们的愿望做出反应;贸易应该是开放的;信息流通应该是自由的;应该是法律而不是个体来保证这种公平。”演讲中随处散见其好意, 如“我不知道他刚才说什么, 但是希望他说得很好。”“我期待和你们的对话。”“让我们的人民过上质量更高的生活。”等等, 比比皆是, 令听众随时感受得到他的诚意。以上三个方面是奥巴马演讲中典型的诉诸本人信誉的论辩的例子, 很好地起到了打动听众的效果。

(2) 诉诸第三者信誉的论辩

诉诸第三者信誉的论辩由两个部分组成:诉诸专家、权威信誉的论辩;诉诸所谈对象良好的个人品质的论辩。因为专家、权威有着强有力的专业支撑, 而所谈对象的品质效应与诉诸本人信誉如出一辙, 起到异曲同工之妙。演讲中提到的林肯、马丁·路德·金都是采用诉诸专家、权威信誉方式;而最妙的一句话是:“我们两国人民都热爱篮球, 姚明就是个例子。”姚明的良好品质及他的专业精神众人皆知。奥巴马刻意地提及这位中国篮球明星, 起到拉近听众与自己之间距离的作用, 使中国听众易于接受他的演讲内容。

3. 情感论辩

奥巴马的情感论辩从两方面进行:诉诸流行 (公共意见) 的论辩、诉诸怜悯的论辩。诉诸流行 (公共意见) 的论辩是以公众的态度为依据, 加入情感因素的介入, 具有一定的引导性, 起到旁敲侧击之用。“在美国, 数量最多的留学生来自中国。而在美国的学生中, 学中文的人数增加了50%, 我们两国有近200个友好城市。”这句话的隐含了这样一层意思:“请大家看看, 这么多的留学生来自中国, 这么多的美国人在学中文, 两国有这么多的友好城市。这是一种流行, 这是一种趋势, 证明了我们两国的友好关系。”这是一种诉诸流行 (公共意见) 的论辩。诉诸怜悯的论辩是一种通过打动听众的怜悯心来左右他们的判断, 以达到说服的目的。“我们国家的历史也不是没有过困难的时候。”“我们也打过一个很痛苦的内战。”这两句话是出自美国总统之口, 丝毫没有高高在上的感觉, 反而显得格外真诚, 这就是诉诸怜悯的论辩在起作用。如果这两句话出自一位普通民众之口, 则不过是寻常之言、普通事实而已。但是, 正因为奥巴马是总统, 他的地位与这两句话反差较大, 因而能引起听众的认同他的真诚。当然, 情感论辩只是理性论辩的补充, 用得恰到好处才有效果, 反之就弄巧成拙了。

六、结语

奥巴马的演讲之所以成功, 与其卓越的修辞论辩的运用密切相关, 当然他高高的个子, 不经意的动作, 恰到好处的声音, 还有他那极具亲和力的笑容, 都是他赢得人心的最好基础。演说富有节奏感, 味道十足、语气恰到好处, 即使当他面对成千上万人演讲, 也能让每个人都觉得奥巴马似乎就是对他一个人在说。之所以有此效果, 原因在于奥巴马抓住了修辞论辩的精髓———听众中心论———让每个听众都感觉奥巴马是对自己在劝说。随着演讲的推进, 听众心中不断闪出的疑问、反驳等都被及时有效地作出了回应———劝说。要将这种劝说做得准确、做得到位, 需要对修辞论辩里的这三部分———修辞理性论辩、信誉论辩和情感论辩了然于胸。理性论辩解决听众逻辑理性的问题———可行;信誉论辩解决听众的心理因素———可信;情感论辩解决听众的情感偏向———可接受。可行是基础, 可信与可接受才是影响论辩成功的最重要因素。

注释:

(1) 《新修辞学:论论辩》首版为法语, 于1969年译为英文版.

(2) 本文中对奥巴马演讲辞的翻译由笔者在听演讲视频原文后所做, 与因特网上的口译版有较大区别.

(3) 此处奥巴马演讲为:“Consider the past, and you shal know the future.”口译版翻译成“温故而知新”, 作者觉得值得商榷.本文译为“前事不忘, 后事之师”是因为奥巴马后面对这句话有回应:“But the notion that we must be adversaries is no

that human beings have learned time and again...”整体意思是:我

奥巴马上海演讲词-中英 第4篇

关键词：文体学 演讲 词汇 语法

1 概述

文体学是用语言方法研究文体风格的学问。它以语言学的方法为工具对文学语篇进行描述和解释[1]。文体是指说话或写作的格调，它随时变化，由具体情景、对象、地点、话题等因素而定[2]。对文体的定义有很多种，简单可靠的定义是：文体是一个语篇的语言特征。任何实际可行的文体分析都必须选择一些语言特征，同时放弃其他语言特征。要分析的语言特征是那些被称为文体标记（style marker）的突出文体特征。一般来说文体特征分四类：词汇类、语法类、修辞手段、衔接和语境[3]。

根据演讲活动的性质和特点的不同，演讲从内容上分为：政治、经济、学术、道德、法律、宗教和军事演讲等。本文主要分析政治演讲。政治演讲，是指各阶段、政党或个人对国家内政事务和对外关系，表明立场，阐明观点、宣扬主张的一种演讲。如竞选演讲、施政演讲、政治集会演讲等。政治演讲的特点为：①观点鲜明；②逻辑严谨；③鼓动性强。本文选取2013年奥巴马连任就职的演讲词作为分析对象，主要从词汇和句法两个方面进行文体分析。以力求了解本文的文体特征，更好地理解政治演讲的特点。

2 文体学分析

2.1 词汇层面

按照二元论的分析方法，分析词汇主要是看词汇是否正式，词汇的难易程度，单音节与多音节的数量，抽象名词与具体名词的数量，词汇中描述动作的动词与渲染性的形容词的数量等等。然后再计算这些词汇的出现频率。

第一个词汇特征是此文难度指数属于容易类。由于书面语是演讲的特征之一，因此，一般来说其词汇相对较复杂，在奥巴马的演讲词中，全文的总字数是2103个，其中难词有8个，即三个音节以上的词（不含专有名词和因语态、时态和数而演变来的派生词），只占全文总词汇的0.38%，其原因是要让来自各个阶层，有着不同文化程度的听众都能听懂、理解。虽然难词不多，其语言仍能显示出正式和庄重；本文运用The Gunning Fog index指数公式，来计算文章语言内容的难度指数，公式为（fog index）=0.4（H+L）其中，L=句子的平均长度；H=难懂的词的百分比。得出本演讲的难度指数=0.4（8/2103+23.8）=9.52。由迷雾指数原理得出难度指数在10左右的语篇属于容易类。所以，尽管本文语篇较长，但就其难度指数为9.52<10来说，这篇演讲从理解难易程度来看属于容易类。

另一个词汇特征是本文使用了大量的第一人称代词。此演讲中三种人称代词都有所涉及，但第一人称代词的使用相对较多，其人称代词的使用情况如表1。

表1

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在这篇演讲中，奥巴马主要运用了第一人称代词，主要是为了方便于表达自己的观点和整体的概念。所用的169个第一人称代词中we（67个）、our（75个）、us（20个）、I（3个）、my（3个）、ourselves（1个）。在此文中奥巴马多次运用we和our增强了对美国国民集体身份的反复强化，加深了全民的共识，同时，演讲者通过带有倾向性或暗示性的语句向听众施加某种信仰和情感来激起感情并最终促使他们产生行动，演讲中的感情示现增进了美国民众对奥巴马政府的信赖，旨在为奥巴马政府争取更多的民意支持，实现了民族感情的集体共鸣。这种对感情的诉诸表达了作者对美国未来的憧憬之情和对美国历史的缅怀之意，号召美国同胞拥抱与生俱来的永恒权利，珍爱未知的自由未来，激起美国公众同舟共济、珍惜自由之心，让全国人民以更大的决心取得永恒的胜利。

在这篇演讲词中，奥巴马大量的使用了情态动词，如表2所示：

表2

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表3对出现较多的情态动词进行分析：

由表3可以看出，本文多使用情态动词will、would（与will属同类）和must占情态动词总数的67.8%。奥巴马多次使用语气较为温和、态度较为客观的will和would，主要是为了能够在表达自我政治主张的主观意志和意愿时获得听众的接受与支持。奥巴马多次使用语气坚定的must，是为了表达对自己过去政绩的自信和对自己威信的把握，同时也表明了他在施政策略方面坚定的态度和果敢的手段。

2.2 句法层面

句子长度及结构

依据句子长度，句子有长句和短句两种，短句是使用词语少，形体短，结构简单的句子，其特点是表意灵活，简洁明快，节奏感强；长句则与短句相反，表意严密，内容丰富，精确细致。英语中平均句子长度为18.6个单词，该演讲的句长如表4：

由表4可以看出：第一，该演讲词句子较长，平均句长23.8个单词高出了为数18.6个单词的英语平均句。第二，该演讲词主要使用了长句表达，即大于17.6个单词的句子比例超过了一半。长句因其用词较多，表达的内容较为丰富，也使文体效果显得庄重。

句子类型分析

按句子的功能特点，可以讲其分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四种。奥巴马的演讲中共有87个句子，陈述句有85句，比例是97.7%，几乎全部使用陈述句来表达。他以平衡的语调陈述了事实，表达了观点，同时奥巴马使用陈述句表达了美国的政治、经济及外交方面的观点。

句子语态分析

英语中句子可分为主动语态和被动语态两种，被动语态的构成为be+动词的过去分词。被动语态用于：①不知道或者没必要提到动作的执行者时；②强调或者突出动作的承受者时；③调整句子结构时[4]。奥巴马此篇演讲的语态使用中有15个被动态，分别为：

①All men are created equal.

②They are endowed by their Creator.

③Freedom must be secured by His people.

④Through blood drawn by lash and drawn by sword.

⑤All societys ills can be cured through government alone is the fiction.

⑥This generation of Americans has been tested by crises.

⑦We are made for this moment.

⑧Twilight years were spent in poverty.

⑨We dont believe that freedom is reserved for the lucky.

⑩That all of us are created equal.

■Our gay are treated like anyone else under the law.

■We are truly created equal.

■No citizen is forced to wait for hours to exercise the right to vote.

■Bright young students and engineers are enlisted in our workforce.

■Our children are cared for and cherished.

奥巴马在演讲的87个句子中巧妙的运用了15个具有独特语法功能的被动语态。由以上被动态总结，我们可将①、②、③、⑦、⑩、■归为一类，都是美国传统中不言而明的事物理论，如上帝创造人类，故而属于被动语态的第一种情况，不用特意强调动作的执行者。剩下的④、⑤、⑥、⑧、⑨、■、■、■、■归为一类，用来形容美国过去的遭遇、未来法案的确立方向和切实可行的计划，属于被动语态的第二种情况，强调所受遭遇的主人公和确立法案所需保护的对象，突出动作的承受者。强调了施政方针，树立了作为连任总统的个人的决断力与执政力，是总统诉诸人格权威的有效手段。

3 总结

该演讲时长为18分44秒，掌声和欢呼不断响起，是因为他的演讲内容贴合了民众的实情，并做出了切实可行的计划。总之奥巴马的连任演说词能够做到鼓动民众之心，完成对自己决心的表决，回顾美国的历史，展望美国的未来，计划美国的当下，作为政治演说达到了与听众建立良好人际关系，具有说服力、吸引力和鼓动性的目的。

参考文献：

[1]刘世生，朱瑞青.第二次印刷《文体学概论》[M].北京大学出版社.2007年6月.

[2]王宗炎.英汉教学语言学词典[M].湖南教育出版社.1990.

[3]成亚君.林肯葛底斯堡演讲词文体分析[J].外语教学理论与实践，2011（4）.

[4]徐贺艳，成亚君.比尔盖茨在清华大学的演讲文体分析[J].金华职业技术学院学报，2012年4月第12卷第2期.

[5]史菲菲，周晓凤.奥巴马连任就职演说的公众交际性分析[J].长春师范学院学报，2013（5）.

基金项目：

本文系锦州市2013年社会科学重点研究课题《基于西方修辞学辩论理论的英语议论文话语策略分析》的部分研究成果。

作者简介：

奥巴马演讲中英对照 第5篇

It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen, by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different, that their voices could be that difference.今夕之释然，皆蒙美利坚民众之协力——学塾祠庙之外，市井乡野之间，万千父老心焦似焚，苦待竟日，愿献一票之力。其中，平生未尝涉国事者，数亦不少，而今有此义举，皆因一念不衰——今夫天下，非同既往，愿发吁天之声，必成动地之势。

It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled.Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been just a collection of individuals or a collection of red states and blue states.We are, and always will be, the United States of America.今夕之释然，皆仰吾国同胞之齐心——何谈贫富老幼之差、党社宗族之异，惶论发肤肌体之别、志趣爱恶之分。吾国既以“合众”为名，吾辈则更无疏离之意，红蓝二党幷肩而立，数十邦州挽手相合，无分你我，共称一家，昂然于世，齐声一呼，天下乃有此释然。

It’s the answer that led those who’ve been told for so long by so many to be cynical and fearful and doubtful about what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.今夕之释然，皆因愤懑者之镇静，忧惧者之勇气，犹疑者之笃定——平素世间种种，消磨其志向，溃灭其梦想，而值此风云之际，除旧更新，当仁不让，倾力而动乾坤者，更何人哉！

It’s been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this date in this election at this defining moment change has come to America.俟之诚久，其志弥坚。幸天地明察，乃有今日，乃有此刻，乃有此一选举，乃有我亿万美利坚大好国民——吾邦之大变革，方得自兹而始也！

A little bit earlier this evening, I received an extraordinarily gracious call from Sen.McCain.Sen.McCain fought long and hard in this campaign.And he’s fought even longer and harder for the country that he loves.He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine.We are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader.I congratulate him;I congratulate Gov.Palin for all that they’ve achieved.And I look forward to working with them to renew this nation’s promise in the months ahead.顷接参议员麦君凯恩电，虽未得晤，幸有一谈，其言谆谆，其意诚诚，鄙人感佩之至。选战期内，麦君劳碌几重，奔波几许，皆为国家计。诸般求索，时日良多，皆非余所能及。于国于民之惊人牺牲，亦非庸庸如吾辈者所可想见。以麦君之胆魄襟怀，能为吾邦所用，实国家之幸，万民之幸也。前途漫漫，其事未竟，余所盼瞩由衷者，唯共麦凯恩君、佩林君，及诸贤士比肩，会吾等之绵力，成吾邦之大业。

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart, and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on the train home to Delaware, the vice president-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.乔君拜登，亦吾所感铭至深者也。竞选之业，艰险不足与外人道，幸有乔君之辅佐，其诚天可鉴之。乔君其人，素言恳辞切，意笃情真，盖尝经斯兰克顿街乡邻之提命，饱聆特拉华州父老之晤教也。他日余既登总统之位，乔君必当副之。

And I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years the rock of our family, the love of my life, the nation’s next first lady Michelle Obama.拙荆米氏，追随鄙人凡一十六年，既为爱侣，更为挚友，既为吾阖家之基石，又乃余终生之至爱。鄙人尝自忖度，倘无贤妻若此，今朝阔论高谈于此处者，不知何人矣！

Sasha and Malia I love you both more than you can imagine.And you have earned the new puppy that’s coming with us to the new White House.小女萨沙、玛丽，余素深喜之。昔日为父尝与汝等言，此番选战若得一胜，愿购小犬一头相赠，待阖家乔迁总统府邸之日，偕汝等同进吾宅。今当胜负已出，既有一诺在前，必自践行不欺也。

And while she’s no longer with us, I know my grandmother’s watching, along with the family that made me who I am.I miss them tonight.I know that my debt to them is beyond measure.祖母大人虽已仙逝，料必有灵在天，俯察人寰，想应颔首开颜矣。吾奥巴马氏列祖列宗，亦当如是。今日今时，此情此景，鄙人追思之心，乌鸟之情，曷其有极！唯生死陌路，仙凡有别，虽怀反哺之心，而无答报之门也！

To my sister Maya, my sister Alma, all my other brothers and sisters, thank you so much for all the support that you’ve given me.I am grateful to them.至若玛雅、艾玛二姐妹，以及吾家诸同胞，所惠我者，亦属良多，久沐恩德，此当拜谢。

And to my campaign manager, David Plouffe, the unsung hero of this campaign, who built the best — the best political campaign, I think, in the history of the United States of America.To my chief strategist David Axelrod who’s been a partner with me every step of the way.To the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you’ve sacrificed to get it done.大卫•普劳夫君，大卫•阿克塞罗德君，一为鄙人竞选事务之经理，一为鄙人国事韬略之智囊。余尝自喟叹，左右谋士，余所仰赖者，皆亘古未见之贤才。普阿二君，则更此中之翘楚。区区不才，有何德能，可得膀臂若此？当此功成之际，感荷之心，亦自拳拳。

But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to.It belongs to you.It belongs to you.至于鄙人铭之肺腑，须臾不敢忘怀者，则诸位也。盖今日鄙人之胜绩，实诸位之胜绩，鄙人之荣光，实诸位之荣光！

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office.We didn’t start with much money or many endorsements.Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington.It began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston.It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.余素朴陋，虽有参选之心，幷无必胜之志。谋事之初，银资乏匮，从者寥寥；起事之地，皆蔽寓荒斋，不在高阁；成事之基，无非寻常百姓，涓滴之献。

It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation’s apathy who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep.It drew strength from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on doors of perfect strangers, and from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized and proved that more than two centuries later a government of the people, by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth.今日之胜，有赖一众热血青年，抛其家，别其室，不辞其苦，不计其酬，矻矻于此——“国中青年爱国之心已泯”之谬论，今可休矣！今日之胜，有赖壮志未已之诸前辈，无惧寒暑，行走奔波，劝说民众。今日之胜，乃数百万美利坚民众之胜，察其意，皆属踊跃为国，观其行，处处谨严有序，足堪告慰二百年前开国之先贤 ——民有、民治、民享之政体，未尝动摇也！

This is your victory.嗟夫！此实诸位之功也！

I know you didn’t do this just to win an election.And I know you didn’t do it for me.You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead.For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime — two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century.余知诸君之意非在此一选举，亦非在鄙人一身。盖瞻前路之艰辛，益知此任非同小可也。虽今夕欢贺于此，而明朝酒醒，大患仍自当前，不容有怠——两地烽烟熊熊而起，四海之内纷纷而乱，金融业界惶惶而不得宁。

Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us.There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after the children fall asleep and wonder how they’ll make the mortgage or pay their doctors’ bills or save enough for their child’s college education.There’s new energy to harness, new jobs to be created, new schools to build, and threats to meet, alliances to repair.是夜，饮宴笙歌之声不绝于耳，而异邦大漠群山中，吾国大好青年，兀自苦戍边塞，惝恍竟夜，性命尚未得安。吾国千万庶民，为人父母者，兀自惴惴难眠，所忧者，乃房宅所贷、病患之费、抚育之资也。至若吾国能源之耗，百业之兴，庠序之教，攻伐之术，怀远之道，亦皆吾等忡忡挂怀者也。

The road ahead will be long.Our climb will be steep.We may not get there in one year or even in one term.But, America, I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there.I promise you, we as a people will get there.渺渺乎其远，如不可达，危危乎其高，若不可攀。朝夕岁月，焉得成就？余不揣愚钝，愿以四载韶华，付诸此业，胜算何如虽不可知，然昂扬必胜之奇志，成就伟业之壮怀，平生未之有也。君子一诺，其重何如，此地今夕，愿斗胆发一狂言——吾辈既在，其事必成！

There will be setbacks and false starts.There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as president.And we know the government can’t solve every problem.But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face.I will listen to you, especially when we disagree.And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation, the only way it’s been done in America for 221 years — block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.逶迤坎坷，份内之事。异见争端，料必有之。国中之政府，谅非无所不能者。余所秉承不移者，唯忠信矣。倘有危难于前，必无欺瞒于世。诸君言论臧否，纵悖逆相左之议，余必当洗耳以聆。于此之外，更当恳请诸君，不吝心血，致力报效，以振吾美利坚重兴之业。余亦别无他想，唯盼吾侪协力，延继吾国既肇二百二十一年之大统，汇涓滴之力，而成万世之业。

What began 21 months ago in the depths of winter cannot end on this autumn night.This victory alone is not the change we seek.It is only the chance for us to make that change.And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were.It can’t happen without you, without a new spirit of service, a new spirit of sacrifice.昔年冬日，余有志于斯，投身此业，屈指算来，倏然近二载矣。当此秋夜，追思反省，仍无溃退逃亡之意。选战之胜，无非一役之功，余梦寐所思矢志所求者，非在乎此。溯源究本，此役之胜，不过革世变时一大好良机耳。倘止步于斯，垂手而待，或无诸君倾力相援，则壮志丰功，无非泡影，诸般梦想，终必虚妄。

奥巴马离职演讲(中英文) 第6篇

It’s good to be home.My fellow Americans, Michelle and I have been so touched by all the well-wishes we’ve received over the past few weeks.But tonight it’s my turn to say thanks.Whether we’ve seen eye-to-eye or rarely agreed at all, my conversations with you, the American people – in living rooms and schools;at farms and on factory floors;at diners and on distant outposts – are what have kept me honest, kept me inspired, and kept me going.Every day, I learned from you.You made me a better President, and you made me a better man.I first came to Chicago when I was in my early twenties, still trying to figure out who I was;still searching for a purpose to my life.It was in neighborhoods not far from here where I began working with church groups in the shadows of closed steel mills.It was on these streets where I witnessed the power of faith, and the quiet dignity of working people in the face of struggle and loss.This is where I learned that change only happens when ordinary people get involved, get engaged, and come together to demand it.After eight years as your President, I still believe that.And it’s not just my belief.It’s the beating heart of our American idea – our bold experiment in self-government.It’s the conviction that we are all created equal, endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights, among them life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.It’s the insistence that these rights, while self-evident, have never been self-executing;that We, the People, through the instrument of our democracy, can form a more perfect union.This is the great gift our Founders gave us.The freedom to chase our individual dreams through our sweat, toil, and imagination – and the imperative to strive together as well, to achieve a greater good.For 240 years, our nation’s call to citizenship has given work and purpose to each new generation.It’s what led patriots to choose republic over tyranny, pioneers to trek west, slaves to brave that makeshift railroad to freedom.It’s what pulled immigrants and refugees across oceans and the Rio Grande, pushed women to reach for the ballot, powered workers to organize.It’s why GIs gave their lives at Omaha Beach and Iwo Jima;Iraq and Afghanistan – and why men and women from Selma to Stonewall were prepared to give theirs as well.So that’s what we mean when we say America is exceptional.Not that our nation has been flawless from the start, but that we have shown the capacity to change, and make life better for those who follow.For white Americans, it means acknowledging that the effects of slavery and Jim Crow didn’t suddenly vanish in the ‘60s;that when minority groups voice discontent, they’re not just engaging in reverse racism or practicing political correctness;that when they wage peaceful protest, they’re not demanding special treatment, but the equal treatment our Founders promised.For native-born Americans, it means reminding ourselves that the stereotypes about immigrants today were said, almost word for word, about the Irish, Italians, and Poles.America wasn’t weakened by the presence of these newcomers;they embraced this nation’s creed, and it was strengthened.So regardless of the station we occupy;we have to try harder;to start with the premise that each of our fellow citizens loves this country just as much as we do;that they value hard work and family like we do;that their children are just as curious and hopeful and worthy of love as our own.None of this is easy.For too many of us, it’s become safer to retreat into our own bubbles, whether in our neighborhoods or college campuses or places of worship or our social media feeds, surrounded by people who look like us and share the same political outlook and never challenge our assumptions.The rise of naked partisanship, increasing economic and regional stratification, the splintering of our media into a channel for every taste – all this makes this great sorting seem natural, even inevitable.And increasingly, we become so secure in our bubbles that we accept only information, whether true or not, that fits our opinions, instead of basing our opinions on the evidence that’s out there.This trend represents a third threat to our democracy.Politics is a battle of ideas;in the course of a healthy debate, we’ll prioritize different goals, and the different means of reaching them.But without some common baseline of facts;without a willingness to admit new information, and concede that your opponent is making a fair point, and that science and reason matter, we’ll keep talking past each other, making common ground and compromise impossible.Isn’t that part of what makes politics so dispiriting? How can elected officials rage about deficits when we propose to spend money on preschool for kids, but not when we’re cutting taxes for corporations? How do we excuse ethical lapses in our own party, but pounce when the other party does the same thing? It’s not just dishonest, this selective sorting of the facts;it’s self-defeating.Because as my mother used to tell me, reality has a way of catching up with you.Take the challenge of climate change.In just eight years, we’ve halved our dependence on foreign oil, doubled our renewable energy, and led the world to an agreement that has the promise to save this planet.But without bolder action, our children won’t have time to debate the existence of climate change;they’ll be busy dealing with its effects: environmental disasters, economic disruptions, and waves of climate refugees seeking sanctuary.Now, we can and should argue about the best approach to the problem.But to simply deny the problem not only betrays future generations;it betrays the essential spirit of innovation and practical problem-solving that guided our Founders.It’s that spirit, born of the Enlightenment, that made us an economic powerhouse – the spirit that took flight at Kitty Hawk and Cape Canaveral;the spirit that that cures disease and put a computer in every pocket.It’s that spirit – a faith in reason, and enterprise, and the primacy of right over might, that allowed us to resist the lure of fascism and tyranny during the Great Depression, and build a post-World War II order with other democracies, an order based not just on military power or national affiliations but on principles – the rule of law, human rights, freedoms of religion, speech, assembly, and an independent press.That order is now being challenged – first by violent fanatics who claim to speak for Islam;more recently by autocrats in foreign capitals who see free markets, open democracies, and civil society itself as a threat to their power.The peril each poses to our democracy is more far-reaching than a car bomb or a missile.It represents the fear of change;the fear of people who look or speak or pray differently;a contempt for the rule of law that holds leaders accountable;an intolerance of dissent and free thought;a belief that the sword or the gun or the bomb or propaganda machine is the ultimate arbiter of what’s true and what’s right.Because of the extraordinary courage of our men and women in uniform, and the intelligence officers, law enforcement, and diplomats who support them, no foreign terrorist organization has successfully planned and executed an attack on our homeland these past eight years;and although Boston and Orlando remind us of how dangerous radicalization can be, our law enforcement agencies are more effective and vigilant than ever.We’ve taken out tens of thousands of terrorists – including Osama bin Laden.The global coalition we’re leading against ISIL has taken out their leaders, and taken away about half their territory.ISIL will be destroyed, and no one who threatens America will ever be safe.To all who serve, it has been the honor of my lifetime to be your Commander-in-Chief.But protecting our way of life requires more than our military.Democracy can buckle when we give in to fear.So just as we, as citizens, must remain vigilant against external aggression, we must guard against a weakening of the values that make us who we are.That’s why, for the past eight years, I’ve worked to put the fight against terrorism on a firm legal footing.That’s why we’ve ended torture, worked to close Gitmo, and reform our laws governing surveillance to protect privacy and civil liberties.That’s why I reject discrimination against Muslim Americans.That’s why we cannot withdraw from global fights – to expand democracy, and human rights, women’s rights, and LGBT rights – no matter how imperfect our efforts, no matter how expedient ignoring such values may seem.For the fight against extremism and intolerance and sectarianism are of a piece with the fight against authoritarianism and nationalist aggression.If the scope of freedom and respect for the rule of law shrinks around the world, the likelihood of war within and between nations increases, and our own freedoms will eventually be threatened.So let’s be vigilant, but not afraid.ISIL will try to kill innocent people.But they cannot defeat America unless we betray our Constitution and our principles in the fight.Rivals like Russia or China cannot match our influence around the world – unless we give up what we stand for, and turn ourselves into just another big country that bullies smaller neighbors.Which brings me to my final point – our democracy is threatened whenever we take it for granted.All of us, regardless of party, should throw ourselves into the task of rebuilding our democratic institutions.When voting rates are some of the lowest among advanced democracies, we should make it easier, not harder, to vote.When trust in our institutions is low, we should reduce the corrosive influence of money in our politics, and insist on the principles of transparency and ethics in public service.When Congress is dysfunctional, we should draw our districts to encourage politicians to cater to common sense and not rigid extremes.And all of this depends on our participation;on each of us accepting the responsibility of citizenship, regardless of which way the pendulum of power swings.Our Constitution is a remarkable, beautiful gift.But it’s really just a piece of parchment.It has no power on its own.We, the people, give it power – with our participation, and the choices we make.Whether or not we stand up for our freedoms.Whether or not we respect and enforce the rule of law.America is no fragile thing.But the gains of our long journey to freedom are not assured.In his own farewell address, George Washington wrote that self-government is the underpinning of our safety, prosperity, and liberty, but “from different causes and from different quarters much pains will be taken…to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth;” that we should preserve it with “jealous anxiety;” that we should reject “the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties” that make us one.We weaken those ties when we allow our political dialogue to become so corrosive that people of good character are turned off from public service;so coarse with rancor that Americans with whom we disagree are not just misguided, but somehow malevolent.We weaken those ties when we define some of us as more American than others;when we write off the whole system as inevitably corrupt, and blame the leaders we elect without examining our own role in electing them.It falls to each of us to be those anxious, jealous guardians of our democracy;to embrace the joyous task we’ve been given to continually try to improve this great nation of ours.Because for all our outward differences, we all share the same proud title: Citizen.Ultimately, that’s what our democracy demands.It needs you.Not just when there’s an election, not just when your own narrow interest is at stake, but over the full span of a lifetime.If you’re tired of arguing with strangers on the internet, try to talk with one in real life.If something needs fixing, lace up your shoes and do some organizing.If you’re disappointed by your elected officials, grab a clipboard, get some signatures, and run for office yourself.Show up.Dive in.Persevere.Sometimes you’ll win.Sometimes you’ll lose.Presuming a reservoir of goodness in others can be a risk, and there will be times when the process disappoints you.But for those of us fortunate enough to have been a part of this work, to see it up close, let me tell you, it can energize and inspire.And more often than not, your faith in America – and in Americans – will be confirmed.Mine sure has been.Over the course of these eight years, I’ve seen the hopeful faces of young graduates and our newest military officers.I’ve mourned with grieving families searching for answers, and found grace in Charleston church.I’ve seen our scientists help a paralyzed man regain his sense of touch, and our wounded warriors walk again.I’ve seen our doctors and volunteers rebuild after earthquakes and stop pandemics in their tracks.I’ve seen the youngest of children remind us of our obligations to care for refugees, to work in peace, and above all to look out for each other.That faith I placed all those years ago, not far from here, in the power of ordinary Americans to bring about change – that faith has been rewarded in ways I couldn’t possibly have imagined.I hope yours has, too.Some of you here tonight or watching at home were there with us in 2004, in 2008, in 2012 – and maybe you still can’t believe we pulled this whole thing off.You’re not the only ones.Michelle – for the past twenty-five years, you’ve been not only my wife and mother of my children, but my best friend.You took on a role you didn’t ask for and made it your own with grace and grit and style and good humor.You made the White House a place that belongs to everybody.And a new generation sets its sights higher because it has you as a role model.You’ve made me proud.You’ve made the country proud.Malia and Sasha, under the strangest of circumstances, you have become two amazing young women, smart and beautiful, but more importantly, kind and thoughtful and full of passion.You wore the burden of years in the spotlight so easily.Of all that I’ve done in my life, I’m most proud to be your dad.To Joe Biden, the scrappy kid from Scranton who became Delaware’s favorite son: you were the first choice I made as a nominee, and the best.Not just because you have been a great Vice President, but because in the bargain, I gained a brother.We love you and Jill like family, and your friendship has been one of the great joys of our life.To my remarkable staff: For eight years – and for some of you, a whole lot more – I’ve drawn from your energy, and tried to reflect back what you displayed every day: heart, and character, and idealism.I’ve watched you grow up, get married, have kids, and start incredible new journeys of your own.Even when times got tough and frustrating, you never let Washington get the better of you.The only thing that makes me prouder than all the good we’ve done is the thought of all the remarkable things you’ll achieve from here.And to all of you out there – every organizer who moved to an unfamiliar town and kind family who welcomed them in, every volunteer who knocked on doors, every young person who cast a ballot for the first time, every American who lived and breathed the hard work of change – you are the best supporters and organizers anyone could hope for, and I will forever be grateful.Because yes, you changed the world.That’s why I leave this stage tonight even more optimistic about this country than I was when we started.Because I know our work has not only helped so many Americans;it has inspired so many Americans – especially so many young people out there – to believe you can make a difference;to hitch your wagon to something bigger than yourselves.This generation coming up – unselfish, altruistic, creative, patriotic – I’ve seen you in every corner of the country.You believe in a fair, just, inclusive America;you know that constant change has been America’s hallmark, something not to fear but to embrace, and you are willing to carry this hard work of democracy forward.You’ll soon outnumber any of us, and I believe as a result that the future is in good hands.My fellow Americans, it has been the honor of my life to serve you.I won’t stop;in fact, I will be right there with you, as a citizen, for all my days that remain.For now, whether you’re young or young at heart, I do have one final ask of you as your President – the same thing I asked when you took a chance on me eight years ago.I am asking you to believe.Not in my ability to bring about change – but in yours.I am asking you to hold fast to that faith written into our founding documents;that idea whispered by slaves and abolitionists;that spirit sung by immigrants and homesteaders and those who marched for justice;that creed reaffirmed by those who planted flags from foreign battlefields to the surface of the moon;a creed at the core of every American whose story is not yet written:

Yes We Can.Yes We Did.Yes We Can.Thank you.God bless you.And may God continue to bless the United States of America.美国东部时间1月10日晚9点（北京时间1月11日10点），奥巴马在芝加哥迈考密展览中心发表告别演说。

离别之际，奥巴马对自己的人民、民主制度、社会问题以及国家未来的发展与走向都提出了希冀。

以下是奥巴马的告别演讲全文：

你好，芝加哥！回家的感觉真好！谢谢，谢谢大家！

在过去几个星期里，我和Michelle收到了各种美好的祝愿，我们非常感动，感谢大家对我的支持。今晚我仍然要向你们表达我的感谢，是你们，身处各地，各个场所的每一位美国人让我保持真诚，是你们给了我灵感，并一直激励着我前进。我每天都在向你们学习，是你们让我成为一个更好的总统，成为一个更优秀的人。

我第一次来到芝加哥还是20岁出头的时候，当时我还处在找寻自我的阶段，还在为自己的生活寻找方向。就在离这不远的一个社区，我开始参与教会团体工作。在这些街区，我看到了信仰的力量，看到了劳动人民面对困境和失意时那种安静的尊严。就是在这里，我了解到只有普通民众都参与进来，变革才会发生，只有我们的力量联合起来，社会才会进步。

现在八年时间过去了，我仍然坚信这一点。我相信，这不只是我自己的一个信念，也是我们整个美国思想的核心所在——对自治进行大胆地尝试。

我们的信念一直是，生来平等，造物者赋予我们一些不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命、自由以及对幸福的追求。这些权利，虽然人人都有，但并不能自动实现。我们，每一个公民，必须通过民主的工具，来创建一个更加完美的国家。

这是造物者赐予我们的礼物，我们拥有用汗水、辛劳和想象力去追逐我们的个人梦想和自由，同时也承担有团结一致，实现更高目标的义务。我们的国家并不是一开始就是完美的，但是我们已经展示出了改变的能力，并为每一位追随者提供更好的生活。

是的，我们的进步并不均衡，民主工作也一直很艰难，同时存在一定的争议，并且有时是血腥的。每向前迈两步，给人的感觉往往是还要往后退一步。但是美国在漫长的发展过程中，我们一直锐意进取，不断拓宽我们的信条，去拥抱所有，而不仅仅是其中一部分。

如果八年前，我告诉你们，美国将扭转大衰退，重振汽车行业，并创造出历史以来最多的就业机会；如果当时我告诉你们，我们将与古巴人民开启一个新的篇章，停止伊朗核武器计划并揪出9/11事件的幕后主使；如果当时我告诉你们，我们将实现婚姻平等，为另外2000万的同胞赢得健康保险的权利；如果当时我告诉你们这些，你们可能会说我的目标定得有点高。但是现在这就是我们所做到的，这就是你们所做到的。是你们促成了这些变化，你们让希望成真，也正是因为你们，现在的美国比我上任时变得更好、更强。

十天之内，世界将会见证我们民主的一个标志：通过自由选举，将总统的权利和平地移交给下一位总统。我向当选总统特朗普承诺，我会为他提供最平稳的过渡，就像布什总统之前为我做的一样。因为我们所有人都需要确保政府可以帮助我们应对目前面临的诸多挑战。

我们需要去应对这些挑战，因为我们仍然是地球上最富有、最强大也最受尊重的国家，我们的青年和发展动力，我们的多样性和开放程度，我们应对风险和进行革新的能力，都在向我们表明未来应该是属于我们的。

但是，只有我们保持民主这些潜力才会发挥出来。只有当我们的政治反映出人民的正直，只有我们所有人，不论党派关系或特殊利益，都有助于推动我们实现共同目的的渴望时，这些潜力才会发挥出来。

民主不需要同一性，我们的领袖会争吵，会妥协，但他们知道民主需要一种基本的团结意识，虽然我们存在各种差异，但我们仍要团结一致，共同进退。历史上总会有一些时刻会威胁到这种团结，本世纪便是这样的时刻：世界不断变小，不平等持续扩大，人口变化以及恐怖主义蔓延，这些因素不只是对我们国家安全和经济繁荣的考验，也是对我们民主的考验。我们如何来应对这些挑战，将决定我们是否有能力教育好我们的孩子，创造优质的工作，并保护我们的家园。换言之，它将决定我们的未来。

在过去五十年以来，现在的医疗保健成本正在以最慢的速度上升。如果任何人能够制定一个明显优于目前医疗保健系统的改进计划，并尽可能覆盖更多的人，那我一定会公开表示支持。

我当选后，出现了一种说法是美国进入后种族时代（种族歧视已经不存在），这只是一个愿景，并不是现实。因为种族问题在我们的社会中仍然是一种强有力的分裂力量。虽然这一问题得到了某种程度的改善，但我们每一个人都需要做出更多的努力。毕竟，如果每一个经济问题都被看作是勤劳的白人中产阶级和不受欢迎的少数民族之间的矛盾，那所有种族的工人只能是争夺蝇头小利，而富人坐收渔翁之利。

这一切都不容易。对于我们中的太多人来说，退回到我们自己的温床里最安全，无论是我们的社区或大学校园或礼拜场所或我们的社交媒体中，和那些与我们相似，有着同样的政治背景，从不质疑我们的假设的人相处最舒适。赤裸裸的党派之争、日益增加的经济和区域分层、媒体的分裂都成为政党宣传的工具——所有这一切使得这种区分似乎变得自然，甚至是不可避免的。我们变得躲在自己的泡沫里，只接受符合我们意见的信息，而不是基于现有证据形成自己的观点。

这不是总是使政治如此沮丧的那部分吗？当我们建议将财务经费投入到孩子们的学龄前教育时，选举官员对赤字感到如此愤怒，但是当为公司削减税收时，为什么不感到愤怒？其它党派做出道德沦丧的事情时，我们紧紧抓住不放，但为什么当我们自己的党派做出相同的事情时，我们却选择原谅？这不仅是不诚实，而是对事实进行选择；这会自取其咎，因为我的妈妈曾经告诉我，“事实总有一天会暴露在你面前。”

在短短8年时间里，我们减少了对外国石油的依赖，使我们的可再生能源增加了一倍，并带领世界达成了一项拯救地球的协议。如果不果断行动，我们的孩子将不会再有时间来辩论气候变化的存在；因为，他们将忙于应对其影响：环境灾难、经济破坏和寻求庇护的气候难民潮。

假装问题不存在不仅背叛了后代，它暴露了这个国家的本质精神。

由于我们的官员、执法人员和外交官的非凡勇气，无论男性还是女性，在过去八年中，没有外国恐怖组织成功实施对我们的家园的袭击，虽然波士顿和奥兰多提醒我们激进组织的危险性，单我们的执法机构比以往更加具有有效性和警惕性。我们已经制服了数万名恐怖分子——包括乌萨马·本·拉登。

我们领导的全球联盟已经牵制了伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国领导人，占领了大约一半的领土。伊黎伊斯兰国将被摧毁，任何威胁美国的人都将被制服。

这就是为什么，在过去八年中，我一直致力于在一个更坚定的法律基础上努力打击恐怖主义，这就是为什么我们能够结束折磨，关闭关塔那摩湾（以作为美军的拘留营而著名），并改革我们的监管法律，以保护隐私和公民自由。

这就是为什么我反对歧视穆斯林美国人，这就是为什么我们不能退出大规模的全球斗争——我们要扩大民主、人权、妇女权利和LGBT权利，无论我们的努力有多么不完美。因为，这是捍卫美国的一部分。为了反对极端主义以及宗派主义和沙文主义，这是与反威权主义和民族主义侵略的斗争。

这也是我想要表达的最后一点：当我们把民主视为理所当然时，我们的民主就会受到威胁。我们所有人，不论党派，都应该致力于重建我们的民主体制的任务。当投票率是发达民主国家中最低之一时，我们应该使投票更容易，而不是更难。当我们的组织信任度降低时，我们应该减少金钱在政治中的腐蚀性影响，并坚持透明度和道德的公共服务原则。当国会功能失调时，我们应该吸引我们的地区鼓励政客迎合大众需求，而不是僵化的极端。

所有这一切都取决于我们的参与；我们每个人都有公民的责任，无论权力以何种方式摆动。

我们的宪法是一个了不起的，美丽的礼物。但它真的只是一块羊皮纸。它自己没有力量。而是我们，人民，赋予它的权力——我们的参与，和我们做出的选择。我们是否支持我们的自由，是否尊重和执行法治。美国并不脆弱，但是，我们漫长的自由之旅的成果并不确定。

如果你厌倦了在网络上与陌生人争论，尝试在现实生活中与他们进行谈话吧。如果有什么需要改变，那就系好你的鞋带，组织一些事情。如果你对你当选的官员感到失望，可以拿一张剪贴板，拿一些签名，自己去办公室，出面，深入追究，坚持不懈。

有时你会赢，有时你会输。假设别人都具有善良的美德可能是一种风险，而且会有一段时间，这个过程会让你失望。但是，对于我们这些有幸成为这项工作的一份子的人来说，仔细想想，我可以告诉你，它可以使每个人得到激励和启发。在这个过程中，你对美国和美国人的信心将得到证实，而我的信仰已经得到证实。

感谢Michelle，在过去的25年中，你不仅是我的妻子和我的孩子的母亲，也一直是我最好的朋友。你所要承担的这个角色并不是你自己要求的，但你却用优雅、坚韧、独特的风格和幽默感成功地完成了角色转变。你使白宫成为属于每个人的地方。而新一代的年轻人视野会更高，因为他们有你作为榜样。

感谢玛丽亚和萨莎，你们成为了两个了不起的年轻女性，聪明和美丽，但更重要的是，善良和周到，充满激情。你们在聚光灯下承受了多年的负担。在我一生中所做的所有事情中，我最为自豪的是成为你们的父亲。

副总统拜登，是我做出的首个提名，也是最棒的提名。不仅仅是因为你是一个伟大的副总统，也是因为我收获到了你这样一个兄弟。你就像我的家人一样，与你的友谊也是我生活中的一大快乐所在。

对于我那些杰出的工作人员，八年的时间，甚至对其中一些人来说，时间还要更久，我被你们的精力所感染，回想你们每一天的表现，你们的性格、心灵和理想。八年的时间，其中有些人由单身，到结婚生子，开始自己人生路上的新旅程。虽然世事艰难，但你们一直没有被打倒，你们让我自豪。

对于你们所有的人，每位搬到陌生城市的组织者，每一名敲门宣传的志愿者，每一名第一次投票的年轻人，每个为这种变化努力的美国人，你们是最棒的支持者和组织者，我将永远感激在心，因为是你们改变了世界，是你们的功劳。

这也是为什么，我虽然离开仍保持乐观的原因所在，因为我们的工作不仅仅是帮助到很多人，更是激发了很多美国人，尤其是年轻人，相信你们可以有一番作为。

这一代美国人无私、富有创造性，并饱含爱国精神，你们相信公平、公正和包容，你们知道不断保持变化是美国的标志，所以不要害怕，拥抱这些变化，你们会愿意承担这项艰巨的民主工作。你们很快就会超越我们这些人，我相信，未来在你们手中。

我的同胞们，为你们服务是我的荣幸。我不会停止为你们服务，以后我将作为一个公民，与你们站在一起。

最后，就像八年前一样，我希望你们能够坚持我们最开始的信念，那些来自奴隶和废奴主义者争取平等的信念，那些移民和自耕农人群的奋斗不息的精神，以及那些对于民主自由权利的争取，这些也是每一位美国人的信念，未来的篇章等待着你们去谱写。

是的，我们能行。（Yes We Can.）

是的，我们做到了。（Yes We Did.）

是的，我们能行！（Yes We Can.）