考研英语知识素材10

考研英语知识素材10（精选8篇）

考研英语知识素材10 第1篇

2019考研英语知识素材集锦（10）

2019考研英语考试已经进入备考阶段，为方便各位考生及时了解相关基础知识，对英语谚语做了如下汇总及解读。

92.先下手为强catch the ball before the bound

93.像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan

94.现身说法warn people by taking oneself as an example

95.息事宁人pour oil on troubled waters

96.喜忧参半mingled hope and fear

97.循序渐进step by step

98.一路平安，一路顺风speed somebody on their way; speed the parting guest

99.严以律己,宽以待人be strict with oneself and lenient towards others

100.以人为本people oriented; people foremost

更多考研常识，免费开课试听可以加王老师qq号62161；加报考顾问李老师微信号：

考研英语知识素材10 第2篇

steady drop or sharp rise peak or dramatic fall or sharp drop

Verbal form：

(to) bottom out or (to) reach the bottom or (to) increase gradually or (to) reach a plateau or (to) remain steady

描述the highest point以及the lowest point

高点极值：

The monthly profit or The figures or The situation ……

+peaked in (月份 or 年)<准确时间点用at XXX>at XXX% or XXX(极点data)

或者reached a peak or a high point at XXX% or XXX(极点data)

低点极值：

XXX bottomed out or reached

+rock or the bottom or a low point

或者hit a trough

此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words or sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下：

并列：as well as(句首 or 中)，also，as well(句尾)，either，neither，too，moreover， furthermore，in addition，additionally，besides，what#39;#39;#39;#39;s more，apart from ……

举例：for example，for instance，to illustrate，as an illustration，in particular，particularly，especially

事实：as a matter of fact，in fact，actually，as long as，so long as ……

雷同 or近似：similarly，likewise(句首 or 尾)，at the same time，equally ……

转折：however，whereas，nevertheless，nonetheless，though，although，even though，while，yet，on the contrary，contrarily，in contrast，conversely，on the other hand，unlikely，in stead (of)，in spite of， despite of ……

原因与结果

1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用)

since or now that ……； I hope that……

because of or on account of or owing to or thanks to + (doing)sth，I hope that……

2. cause-effect (较常用)

XXX lead to or bring about or result in or account for ……

(一个句子)， therefore or thus or hence or as a result or consequently or (and)so ……

3. effect-cause (较常用)

XXX be caused by or result from or be the result of or be the effect of or be the consequence of ……

(一个句子)，because ……

it is adj. that ……

it is unimaginable that ……

it is undeniable that ……

考研英语知识素材10 第3篇

【1】be going to + 动词原形

be going to + 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when引导的时间状语从句连用。各种句式变换都借助be动词完成,be随主语有am, is, are的变换,going to后接动词原形。

1) 如果表示计划去某地,可直接用be going to+ 地点

We are going to Beijing for a holiday.

2) 表示位置移动的动词,如go,come,leave,fly等常用进行时表示将来。

The bus is coming.

My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.

3) be going to与will的区别:

1对未来事情的预测用“will+ 动词原形”表达,will没有人称和数的变化,变否定句要在will后面加not, 缩略式won’t, 变一般疑问句将will提至句首。

Will planes be large in the future?

Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.

2 will常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情,而be going to指某事肯定发生,常表示事情很快就要发生。

I believe Lucy will be a great doctor.

3表示意愿用will.

I’ll tell you the truth.

4表示计划、打算要做的事情用be going to, 而不用will, 从不严格的语法角度而言,be going to与will二者可以互换, 但注意:

*There be句型的一般将来时结构为:

There is going to / will be + n... 将会有 ......

*come, go, leave, arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来:

He is leaving tomorrow.

* 在条件、时间状语从句中,一般是主将从现:

If it is fine tomorrow, I’m going/will go on a trip.

一、能力训练及解析:

( )1.There ____going to be a basketball match this afternoon.

A. are B. is C. have D. will

解析: 在there be句型中be与后面的 真正主语 保持一致,a basketball match是单数形式,谓语动词应该使用单数形式,答案:B。

( )2. —Are there going to be any young trees soon?

—Yes, ____.

A. there be B. there is C. there are D. there are going to

解析:问句为Are there…? 其肯定回答为Yes, there are. 答案:C。

( )3.There will be fewer factories,____ ?

A. won’t there B. will there C. isn’t there D. are there

解析:there will be的反意疑问句为won’t there, 但fewer含有否定意义,在反意疑问句中,前面否定,后面疑问部分用肯定形式,答案:B。

二、实战演练

( ) 1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be

C. is going to be D. will go to be

( )2.Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working

C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work

( )3. He ______ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is

C. will be; will be D. is; will be

( )4.There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have

C. will have D. is going to be

( )5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?

– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will

C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be

( )6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give

C. gives D. give

( )7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?

–________. (不,不要。)

A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.

C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.

( )8. – Where is the morning paper?

– I ______ for you at once.

A. get B. am getting

C. to get D. will get

( )9. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.

A. will watching B. watches

C. is watching D. are going to watch

( )10. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be B. will be

C. shall going to be D. will going to be

【2】复合形容词的使用

1. 构成:数词 + 单数名词、数词 + 单数名词 + 形容词(每两词间用连字符 -)

2. 用法:常作定语,用于名词前 , 一般不单独使用。

如:an eight- year-old boy / a ten-metre-tall tree

3. 复合形容词后加复数,表示一类人或物,可独立作主语:Sixteen-year-olds 16 岁的人。

【能力训练】:

( )1.We will have a______ holiday after the exam.

A. two month B. two-month C. two-months

( )2.I think______ can choose their own life style.

A .nineteen-year-old B. nineteen-year-olds C. nineteen years old

( )3.There is a ____tree in the park.

A. four hundred years B. four-hundred-year-old

C. four-hundred-year old

( )4.Nie Haisheng had a ______flight in space.

A. five-days B. five-day C. five day’s

( )5.I’d like to spend ________holiday in the country.

A. a two-day B. two-day C. two day’s

【3】if引导的条件状语从句的用法:

1.if引导的条件状语从句

(1)“If从句 + 祈使句”的句子。

例如:If you want to go, please let me know.

If the green light isn’t on, wait for a minute.

(2)“祈使句 +and(or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

注意:A.“祈使句 +and+ 陈述句”可以转化为if引导的肯定条件状语从句,且主语是第二人称。

B. “祈使句+or+陈述句”可以转化为if引导的否定条件状语从句,且主语是第二人称。

例如:Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

(考题 (2010重庆中考 )Work hard,________ you may catch up withyour classmates soon.

A.orB. butC. andD. yet

思路解析:本句是“祈使句 +and”的句型,句意为“努力学习,你会很快赶上其他同学的”,and在句中表示承接关系,所以选C项。

2.if从句与主句具有以下特点:

1)当if表示未来的条件时,主句中用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,即“主将从现”。

e.g. If you can’t come tomorrow, we can hold the party a little later.

明天你如果不能来,我们可迟一点举行宴会。

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great Wall.

明天如果不下雨,我们就去长城。

2)表示如果某种条件存在,就有可能 / 不可能发生什么事情。

e.g. If you don’t get up early, you will be late for school.

你如果不早点起床,上学就会迟到。

If I play games on it, it will go wrong.

如果我用它玩游戏,它就会坏掉。

3)if从句可放在主句前或主句后,从句置于主句前时,须用逗号与主句隔开,反之则不用逗号。

e.g. If it’s fine tomorrow, we can go out. 如果明天天气好,我们就能出去。

She will be happy if she joins the party. 如果她参加聚会她会很开心的。

I’ll ask the teacher for help if I don’t understand. 如果我不懂我会求助老师的。

【典题分析】:

1.(2010上海)We will have no water to drink ____we don’t protectthe earth.

A. until B. before C. though D. if

[ 答案 ]D.[ 解析 ]if引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”。意思是如果我们不保护地球,我们将会没有水喝。

2.(2011重庆)We will plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know ___Tomwill come and join us.

A. if B. which C. what D. where

[ 答案 ]A.[ 解析 ]if引导宾语从句,表示“是否,是不是”。意思是我们明天将会去植树,但是我不知道Tom会不会去。

—Do you know if _____finished the work?

—Not yet. If he , he____ will give me a call.

A. he’s, will finish B. he’ll, finishes

C. he’s , finishes D. he’ll , will finish

[ 答案 ]C.[ 解析 ] 问句的if引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,从句要用陈述语序,从答句Not yet. 中可以看出从句应该用现在完成时态,答句的if引导状语从句,要遵循主将从现的规律。

【(1-6单元)知识点能力提升】

Ⅰ . 单项选择:

( )1. You are sure to pass the exam ______ you study hard.

A. if B. though C. that D. since

( )2. I'll go to see the film with you ______I have time this evening.

A. whether B. so C. if D. when

( )3. ______ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.

A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except

( )4.We’ll stay at home if it ______ this afternoon.

A.rain B.rains C.to rain D.raining

( )5.We will go to the Great Wall if it ______tomorrow.

A.won’t rain B.isn’t raining C.rained D.doesn’t rain

( )6.—I don’t know if he ______.

—He will come if it ______.

A.comes; won’t rain B.will come; doesn’t rain

C.comes; doesn't rain D.will come; won’t rain

( )7.Do you know what time ______.

A.the train leave B.does the train leave

C.will the train leave D.the train leaves

( )8.Do you think if______ an English film tomorrow night.

A.is there B.there is going to have

C.there is going to be D.will there be

( )9.Will you please tell me ______.

A.where Pudong Airport is

B.how far Pudong Airport was

C.how can we get to Pudong Airport

D.when was Pudong Airport built

( )10.—Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us?

—I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.

A. come; is B. comes; will be

C. will come; is D. will come; will be

Ⅱ . 请用正确的形式填空:

1. If I come, I ________ (see) you.

2. If it is fine, we ________ (go) for a walk.

3. If it rained, they _________ (stay) at home.

4. You will spoil it if you ________ (not be) careful.

5. We would be very much pleased if you ________ (come).

6. Will you help me if I________ (need) you.

7. They will get wet if it ________ (rain).

8. What a pity I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _________ ( take ) you to the airport.

9. We would answer if we ________ (can).

10. If you eat too much, you ________ (get) ill.

【参考答案】:

【1】be going to

一、能力训练及解析答案: 1.B 2.C 3.B

二、实战演练答案:

1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B

【2】复合形容词的使用答案:

【实战演练】:1. B 2. B 3. B 4.B 5. A

【(6-10单元)知识点能力提升参考答案】:

Ⅰ . 单项选择: 1-5 ACCBD 6-10 BDCAC

Ⅱ . 请用正确的形式填空:

1.will see, 2. will go 3. would stay 4. are not

5.came 6. need 7. rains 8. would take

考研英语知识素材10 第4篇

potato n. 土豆;马铃薯 special n. 特色菜;特价品  adj. 特殊的

would v. （表示意愿）愿意

large adj. 大号的;大的

order n. & v. 点菜;命令 size n. 大小;尺寸

bowl n. 碗

meat n. （可食用的）肉

dumpling n. 饺子 fish n. 鱼;鱼肉

pancake n. 烙饼;薄饼 world n. 世界

answer n. 答案 v. 回答 different adj. 不同的

cake n. 蛋糕 candle n. 蜡烛

age n. 年龄 blow v. 吹

candy n. 糖果 lucky adj. 幸运的

popular adj. 受欢迎的;普遍的 idea n. 想法;主意

would like 想要 beef noodles 牛肉面

tomato and egg soup 西红柿蛋汤

a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗

mutton noodles 羊肉面 green tea 绿茶

blow out 吹灭 cut up 切碎

make a wish 许愿 what size 什么尺寸

1. —What size would you like？

你想要多大尺寸的？

—Medium， please.

中号的。

size在这里作名词，意为“尺寸、大小”。既可表示物体的大小，也可表示服装、鞋帽等的尺码。用What size引导的特殊疑问句，用来询问大小、规格等。

例如：

What size shoes do you wear？ 你穿多大码的鞋子？

2. But we are short of fish. 但是我们缺少鱼。

be short of 意为“缺少;缺乏”。

例如：

He is short of money now. 他现在缺钱。

would like的用法

would like意为“想;想要”，与want同义，但语气更委婉。其用法有：

1. would like sth. 想要某物

例如：

Would you like a cup of green tea？ 你想要一杯绿茶吗？

2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事

例如：

He would like to see you today. 他今天想要见你。

3. would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

例如：

考研英语知识素材10 第5篇

一、重点词汇：

different 不同的thirty 三十

forty 四十

fifty 五十 sixty 六十

seventy 七十

eighty 八十

ninety 九十

hundred 百

二、重点句型：

1.How many children are there in your class? 在你的班级有多少学生？

There are fifty.有50人。

2.What’s forty plus forty?

40加40等于几？

It’s eighty.它是80。3.Was he there?

他在那里吗？

Yes，he was./ No, he wasn’t.是的，他在。不，他不在。

三、易考点：

1.听力判断数字相加等于多少。所以一定把数词记准确，听读准确。2.How many 后面接名词复数。一定要记住名词复数的变化。还有特殊的变化。四．语言功能：

考研英语知识素材10 第6篇

(1)want/would like sth.想要某物

I’d like some noodles

(2)want/would like to do sth.想要做某事

I’d like to play the piano 我想要弹钢琴。

(3)want/would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事

I would like him to help me.我想要他帮助我。(4)What would sb.like? 某人想要什么？

What would they like? 他们想要什么？

(5)What would sb.like to do? 某人想要做什么？

(6)Would you like sth.你想要某物吗？（委婉地询问对方的要求时的用语）

肯定回答：Yes, please.否定回答：No, thanks.Would you like some more food? 你想再要些食物吗？

Yes, please.想要，谢谢。

No, thanks.不用了，谢谢。

(7)Would you like to do sth？你想要/愿意做某事吗？（向对方有礼貌地提出建议或邀请）

肯定回答：Yes, I’d like/love to.是的，我愿意。否定回答：Sorry, + 原因。

Would you like to go shopping with us? 你想要/愿意和我们一起去购物吗？ Yes, I’d like/love to.是的，我愿意。Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do.2.sure(1)sure adj.确信的；有把握的；可靠的；必定的I ’m not sure.=I don’t know.be sure of/about

be sure to do sth

be sure that

(2)adv.当然；的确=yes=certainly=of course

3.What kind of….would you like?你想要那种……？

4.kind

(1)种类 a kind of一种

many kinds of很多种all kinds of各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的(2)仁慈的，和蔼的，好意的，友爱的

He is a kind man.He is kind to everyone.他与人为善。It’s very kind of you to help me.(3)kind of + adj/adv 稍微/有几分……(相当于a little)

He is kind of /a little shy.5.special(1)n.特色/价商品，特别的东西，特殊的食物

可数名词

(2)adj.特殊的，特别的，专门的 Today is a special day.今天是特别的日子。

a special train 专列

a special hospital 专科医院

special education 特殊教育

6.What size…..多大

询问物体的大小 尺寸的句型

size 大小 尺寸(1)What size bowl of noodles would he like? 他想要多大碗的面条？

He’d like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.他想要一个小/中/大碗面条。(2)What size shoes do you wear? 你穿多大号的鞋？I wear size 40.我穿42码的鞋。

7.英语中表示食物的一些词的特殊用法(1)beef, fish, chicken, pork, meat, mutton等表示肉类的食物，是不可数名词。(2)vegetable蔬菜，可数名词

(3)fruit, salad, ice cream, food等指总称时是不可数名词，指种类时是可数。

(4)cabbage, onion, fish, chicken指食物时是不可数名词，指植物和活着的“鱼”“鸡”时是可数名词。

8.order

(1)v.订购 预订 点菜

I want to order a ticket.我想订1张票。(2)v.命令 嘱咐

order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事(3)n 顺序 秩序

不可数名词

word order词序(4)n 命令

This is an order.这是命令。(5)in order to in order that 为了

Section B 1.fish 鱼；鱼肉

(1)多少条“鱼”，为可数名词。复数：fish或fishes，通常用复数fish.(2)多少种“鱼”，为可数名词。复数： fishes(3)“鱼肉”，为不可数名词。

There’re hundreds of fish in the pool.在这水池里有几百条鱼。

There’re all kinds of fishes in the lake.这个湖里有各种各样的鱼。

Help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼。(4)v 钓鱼

go fishing

2.different adj 不同的 be different from=be not the same as 3.the number of...的数量

做主语，谓语动词单数

a number of 许多+复数名词

做主语，谓语动词复数

4.cut down 砍倒

cut off 剪/切/砍下

cut...into...把...切成...cut in

考研英语知识素材10 第7篇

1 be content with sth(=be satisfied with/be pleased with)对…满意

be content to do(=be willing/glad to do)乐意做

2 sustainable development 可持续性发展

3 have/gain (free)access to 可(自由)进入，接触，使用

4 all too often屡次，常常 all of a sudden突然

5 stress the importance of…强调…的重要性

lay/put stress/emphasis on…强调，主张 under great stress经受巨大的压力

6 have responsibility for 对…负有责任 be responsible for

联想： take/undertake responsibility for承担责任 a sense of responsibility责任感

7 there exist(s)…这存在… there seems/appears to be…似乎有，看似有

I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding.我不想有任何差错。

Can you imagine there being a big pleasant surprise for you?

你能想象有一个大的惊喜等着你吗?

8 take action / take measures/take steps

9 live/be in harmony with与…和谐相处 (harmonious adj.)

build a society in harmony with society建立人与自然相和谐的社会

10 put an end to 结束… come to an end到尽头

bring sth to an end 使…结束 make ends meet使收支相抵

eg,They should put an end to that ridiculous war. 他们应该结束那场荒谬的战争。

eg,I wonder how I can bring their dispute to an end. 我不知道如何才能让他们停止纷争。

eg,The meeting came to an end at midnight.会议进行至深夜才结束。

11 wipe out 灭除，扫清 eg,wipe out poverty消灭贫困

wipe sth out from memory把…从记忆中抹去

(sb)be wiped out=be worn out =be tired out=be extremely tired/exhausted筋疲力尽

12 there is a (good )chance that…=It’s likely /probable that… 有可能…

13 draw a conclusion得出结论 sum up 总结，概括

14 replace A with B 用B取代A eg, replace letters with E-mail用邮件取代信件

exchange A for B 用A 调换B eg,exchange dollars for pounds用美元兑换英镑

15 alternative energy 可替代能源 have no alternative(choice)but to do sth.别无选择只能

16 issue(v.)发行;公布 / (n.)eg,问题，议题，争论点;发行，发行物

issue new stamps/coins/shares/magazines发行新邮票，硬币，股票,杂志

issue a statement发表声明 issue an order/warning发布命令，警告

a political/economic issue政治，经济问题 a burning issue急待解决的问题

a new issue of bonds新发行的债券 the latest issue of a magazine杂志的最新一期

17 affect(v.)影响;(疾病)侵袭;感动;

eg, the area affected by the earthquake 受地震影响的地区

The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight.疾病逐渐侵袭她的视力。

be deeply affected by the story 为故事感动

affection(n.)感情，亲情，爱

eg,the affection of parents for their children 父母对儿女的爱

have a great/deep affection for parents对父母有着深厚的感情

affectionate(adj.)充满深情的，亲切的，有爱心的

eg,an affectionate letter一封充满深情的信 an affectionate hug亲切的拥抱

He is very affecionate towards his children.她很爱自己的孩子。

18 advise sb(not)to do=try to persuade sb (not)to do 劝某人做(不)做

二、重点句子

1 One of the main themes of the summit was “sustainable development”,or the question how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment.

2 Most of the speakers talked about the “big three”--- contaminated drinking water,poor sanitation and air pollution.(被污染的饮用水，卫生状况恶劣，空气污染)

3 Air pollution alone causes almost three million deaths.仅空气污染就导致300万人死亡。

注意：alone 放名词后面表强调，仅仅，只有

eg,The price alone discouraged me .单看价格就让我沮丧。

4 If we are to develop the world successfully,we must make sure that everyone is able to take part in the new world we create.

5 Among the speakers was China’s then Premier Zhu Rongji,(倒装)who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. 强调平等与公正的必要性

6 Rich countries have responsibility for poor countries and must do whatever they can to help others.

7 With better education,people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature and perhaps put an end to death and suffering.

8 If poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated,there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.如果贫穷不再是问题，人民的教育程度得以提高，就有可能会减少暴力和战争。

三、语法(倒装)

出于语法结构或强调的需要，倒装一般分为两种，全倒和半倒：

一 全倒的情况(谓语提到主语的前面)

1 以 here,there,或out ,in,up,down,away等表示地点，方位的副词开头：

eg, Here comes the bus. Out rushed the children.

Away went the boy. Now comes my turn.

(注意：若主语为代词，则不倒装eg,Here it is./ Away she went.)

2 直接引语放在句首：

eg,”It looks as if a typhoon is coming.” said the captain.

3 地点状语提前：

eg ,On the bench sat a little man who was trembling in the wind.

In New York harbour stands the Statue of Liberty,which is a gift from French.

二 半倒的常见情况(谓语的一部分倒装，通常只助动词提前)：

1 在疑问句中：

eg, How did you find my house?

2 only修饰的状语置于句首：

eg, Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

3 否定副词置于句首：

eg： Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.

eg: Never have I realised that water is so precious.

eg: Not only did he carry me to the hospital,but also kept me company there.

eg : No sooner had he sat down than the telephone rang.

eg : Hardly had the bell rang when the children rushed out of the room.

eg: Under no circumstances(任何情况下都不) will I give in to him.

=in no way/by no means/in no case

4表示前面所说内容也适合后者：

eg , A better understanding of the environment is necessary,as(=so)is the willingness to act.

更好地了解环保是必要的，行动的愿望也是必要的。

eg, Without international cooperation,developing countries can’t prosper,nor will sustainable development be possible.

没有国际合作发展中国家就不可能繁荣，可持续性发展也就不可能实现。

5 if虚拟的省略：

eg, Had I known that air conditioner cause so much pollution,I would never have bought one.

eg ,Were I you, I would do it in a different way.

三 其他情况的倒装：

1主语太长，保持平衡：

eg Gone are the days when teachers are looked down upon.

eg Present at the meeting were representatives from more than 100 coutries as well as some famous performers

2为强调，将表语或状语提前：

eg Greatly loved in China are the English romantic poets.

So bright is the boy that they all love him.

Child as he is,he knows a lot.

Hard as he worked,he still failed.

3 表祝愿的句型：

eg, Long live our friendship! 愿我们的友谊常青!

May you succeed/be successful!

Unit 10 frightening nature

一 重点短语

1 get into a total panic陷入完全的恐慌

2 make one’s hair stand on end使毛骨悚然

3 be scared/frightened/ to death吓死

4 what terrifies/frightens/scares me is that…令我害怕的是

5 draw/attract/catch/capture one’s attention to …吸引某人的注意力

6 at a distance隔开一段距离 in the distance在远处

keep one’s distance from… 与…保持距离，不亲近

eg,keep your distance from that dog.离狗远点

keep sb at a distance疏远某人，不亲近

eg,He likes to keep people at a distance/keep his distance from people.

7 awake/arouse one’s conscience(curiosity,interest,memory)

唤起某人的良知(好奇心，兴趣，回忆)

注意：rise/raise/arise/arouse的区别

8 at hand 在手边，靠近的keep a dictionary (ready) at hand.把词典放在手边

9 find a way out 找到出路

10 urge sb to do 敦促，力劝某人做 注意：urge that.. ..(should) do

11 upon/on one’s arrival/arriving某人一到场

12 pick out挑选出，识别出 区别： make out 看出，听出，辨别出

13 it’s one thing to do ..,another to do.做…是一回事，做…是另外一回事

14(get) on board(登上)飞机，船，火车 go abroad出国

15 knock about (sp)(sb)漫游，游荡某地;虐待某人

16 all of a sudden/all at once突然

17 be done for(口语)被毁掉，完蛋

18 live through历经(并幸存) 比较：go through经过，经历，浏览

get through通过,完成 pull through从(疾病)中恢复;度过难关

19 strike a match划火柴 (想想strike 还有那些意思?)

20.light up点燃 ;容光焕发

21 hold/reach out (one’s hand)for伸手去拿

22 a puff of wind一股风

23 bury one’s head in one’s hands双手蒙脸 bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于，专心于

联想be buried in/be involved in/be engaged in/be occupied in/be employed in忙于，专心于,从事

24 spot sb doing sth=catch sb doing sth发现某人做 spot one’s potential发现某人的潜质

spot one’s fame/reputation=leave a spot on one’s fame/reputation玷污某人的名誉，声誉

be on the spot 在现场

25 calm (sb)down(使某人)镇定

26 What’s up?怎么了? It’s up to you to decide it.这件事由你决定。

27 swear to do/that…发誓保证 eg,I swear never to cheat you.

二、重点句子

1 The sight of it awoke(aroused) the scientist in my uncle to go and see it close at hand.

此情景唤起了叔叔身上的科学精神，他要到近处看个究竟。

2 Upon arrival,my uncle hugged pompy and tried to give him courage.

“on/upon + 名词/动名词”可在句中作状语，意为“一……就= as soon as

其他类似表达：(1)the (very) moment (instant，minute，second，etc.)…

(2) instantly;immediately; directly

(3) no sooner...than;hardly/scarcely...when

3 Supported by the two slaves,he stood up,and immediately fell down dead.

4 He looked more asleep than dead.与其说他死了倒不如说他睡着了。

此处意为“与其说…倒不如说..”。如： He was more frightened than angry. 与其说他生气了，倒不如说他是吓坏了。

5 You can pick out the important bits,for it is one thing to write a letter,another to write history.

6 Captain saw a white tower of water advancing towards them.

7 With a tearing crash,tons of water fell upon the deck,as though the ship passed under a waterfall.随着一阵撕裂般的哗啦声，成吨的海水泼向甲板，仿佛轮船驶过了瀑布。

8 The hurricane,with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls,had found this little ship in its path.一股具有倒海沉船、摧毁铜墙铁壁般威力的飓风，一路风驰电掣来到小船前。

三、语法(省略)

例如：1 Would you like to come to the party? Yes,I’d love to(come to the party) .

2 Do you want to be a teacher? No, I don’t want to be(a teacher).

3 Why didn’t you come to the party yesterday?

I intended to have(come to the party),but I had something important..

4 If not carefully dealt with,the situation would be worse.

视频素材欣赏与语文知识累积 第8篇

关键词：视讯视频,电视栏目,欣赏教学,语文素养

我所任教的学校, 是一所县级职业中学, 学生素质参差不齐。我现在使用的语文课本是根据教育部2009年颁布的《中等职业学校语文教学大纲》要求编写的教材, 分成基础模块、职业模块和拓展模块。三个模块各有侧重点, 都注重现代文的阅读写作和口语交际的实践运用, 特别是语文综合实践活动的鲜明主旨, 彰显了职业教育的教学特色。有这样好的教材, 更要切实提高语文课堂的效率, 但要提高学生的语文水平和文学素养, 仅靠单一的课堂教学, 效果不显著, 也培养不了文学素养。现如今, 视讯日益发达, 我们的生活被电脑资讯和手机资讯包围。在课堂教学上, 现代教育技术的运用也越来越广泛而频繁, 电子教案、电子课件、电子视频成为我们教学中不可或缺的资源和手段, 给予了我们视频素材的海量欣赏和语文知识累积的教学尝试。既然我所教授的班级是计算机班, 那就从多媒体教学入手, 就视频素材的欣赏与语文教学的关联, 谈谈我的看法。

首先要明确的是我们要掌握的是知识点, 要欣赏的是正能量, 要拥有的是人文性。因而选择怎样的视频素材欣赏至关重要。要走好语文文化能量之旅, 需要知识的积淀和能力的陪伴, 能不能成为一种文化的“咖”, 湖南电视台的《百变大咖秀》给了我们一个很好的注解:在专注欣赏别人的个性表演时, 揣摩他人的与众不同, 加入自我的认识与突破, 便塑造出了那个传说中的经典形象。明星模仿“大咖”如此, 语文知识的累积也是如此。在不停地重复学习中进行模仿运用, 在模仿运用中学会融合贯通, 在借鉴中出新出彩;选好视频素材后, 找出为我所用的闪光点, 从而积累丰富语文素养, 语感和鉴赏力便可以在这个过程中一点点地累积起来。

语文知识注重日积月累, 而知识的累积不仅仅是文化素养的提高, 更重要的是文化情商的涵养。说出来的话语, 是否能让老师听得明白;写出来的文字, 是否能让老师读得下去, 关键在于舌尖里、笔尖下的文句是否有情感、有内容。发自内心的语句, 字里行间浸透个人情感, 拥有个人见识和真切感悟的语段是可以感动许多人的。这就是文化情商的作用。欣赏这样富有情感的视频素材, 给我们带来的是直击心灵的情感碰撞。在周四下午的连课里, 我就选用了如下一些视频素材:《道德与观察》、《今日说法》、《社会与法》等法制栏目;《传奇故事》 (《经典传奇》) 、《鲁豫有约》 (《爱传万家:说出你的故事》) 等谈话叙事类节目。

曾有网友评《鲁豫有约》:一段段窝心的真情, 三千六百秒赤诚对话。这的确是一档在对话中表露真情和传递真心的栏目。在我看来, 欣赏这样的视频, 是最直接, 也是最面对面的触动心灵的碰撞与感动。如相信自己的尼克·胡哲, 他说:人生最可悲的并非失去四肢, 而是没有生存希望及目标!真正改变命运的, 并不是我们的机遇, 而是我们的态度。我还记得他的名言:不停地尝试, 就能走向成功;相信你自己, 就能做得到;只要有梦想, 你就有希望。在观看这期节目时, 我让学生抄下了上面的两句话, 并和他们共勉;我还找出他的演讲视频及2009年出版的励志DVD《神采飞扬》并介绍了于2010年出版的他的自传式励志书籍, 与学生一起感受他多彩的人生。我看重的是, 在聆听时, 让学生们走近他们的内心, 走进他们的成长历程。我认为他们的经历不仅可以成为学生写作的素材, 更可以激励他们走好今后的学习与人生之路。

当然, 我不仅仅选用严肃正统的, 课堂里更需要笑声, 在笑声中引发共鸣, 在笑声后获得感悟。借鉴美国著名脱口秀明星节目《深夜秀》而引人注目的《一周立波秀》进入了我的视野。我选择的视频素材大多是他对过去一年的重大新闻事件的“笑谈”和“盘点”, 让人在笑过之后印象深刻。周氏风格说道平凡人的平凡生活, 阐释简单人的简单心理。他的语言秀, 很值得我们推敲学习。我曾经让学生到电脑中查找, 在课堂上交流。如:理想很丰满, 现实却很骨感 (用对偶句、反义词阐释生活) 。时间太瘦, 指缝太宽 (真是至理名言) 。鸵鸟的幸福, 只是一堆沙子 (理由和幸福都可以如此简单) 。西游记告诉我们:凡是有后台的妖怪都被接走了, 凡是没后台的都被一棒子打死了 (透过现象看本质) 。我又不是人民币, 怎么能让人人都喜欢我?! (很个性的自我剖析) ……这些经典语录在调侃自己的同时, 却也可以让他的听众感受到积极的心态与阳光的旋律。观众也在他词语的正说反说中得到宣泄和过滤。我们是小菜, 还是水饺, 看后, 心中自有分晓。

课堂上, 我还让学生们欣赏了记录片《舌尖上的中国》和浙江电视台的《杂志天下》栏目。我还给他们看过与他们未来职业规划相关的《职来职往》栏目。看各类视频, 学习为梦想而坚持, 为目标而打拼, 为理想而努力。作为职业中学的一名语文教师, 我希望我的学生在我选用的视频中学会欣赏视频, 跟着我的解说, 运用这些视频, 而不仅仅是停留在视频的观看上。我希望我的学生用心观赏视频, 存储视频的精华影像, 看到好用的用一用, 用了之后, 留存心中的依然是那抹不去的感动和永存印记的知识。

苏霍姆林斯基曾说:学校里的学习不是毫无热情地把知识从一个头脑里装进另一个头脑里, 而是师生之间每时每刻都在进行心灵的接触。的确, 在观看时, 适时的点拨, 恰到好处的注解, 也就是加入观看视频片段时老师的旁白, 有时简短的三两句话, 也会起到意想不到的效果, 虽说不一定有画龙点睛的作用, 但至少拉近视频、学生和老师之间的距离, 真正达到情感的交流与心灵的共鸣。这样也就做到了于漪老师所说的“披文以入情”, 触动他们的内心深处。在欣赏视频素材时, 真正达到语文教学中听说读写综合能力的培养与提高, 这样, 我想传授的语文知识与语文情感一定或多或少会累积在学生们的心里。每个学生对所选视频的兴趣也许不尽相同, 但在教师的牵引和指导下, 有了情感的互通和知识的解读后, 师生之间共同的观赏与交流, 师生之间的畅所欲言, 就变得有意义了。之后让他们写周记, 可长可短。再之后, 应对比较长的读后感, 就觉得有方向和目标。比如, 看完电影《孔子》后, 学生对孔子的印象就不再是老学究的样子, 不是一天到晚“之乎者也”的迂腐的知识分子, 而是一位真正有学问, 有信仰的, 心怀天下的夫子, 并不是说周润发先生演的孔子多么成功, 但起码孔子的形象明朗清晰化了, 展现在我们面前的是鲜活可感的具体人物。看后让学生结合课本《论语》选段谈谈孔子, 他们对孔子及其弟子的形象也不再模糊了。

荀子说:不积小流无以成江海, 不积跬步无以至千里。知识需要更新, 更新重在累积, 累积要懂欣赏。视频带我们穿越到了过去, 也感悟到了现在。在视频里欣赏这样的荧屏经典, 在视频中再现这样的文学经典。我由衷地感到:欣赏视频素材是这样的芬芳, 累积语文素养是那样的幸福!当我们在用眼阅读莫言在诺贝尔文学奖获奖感言中再次提起“自己多算了一位买白菜的老人一毛钱”的故事的时候, 我们温故一下选入基础模块 (上) 中的《卖白菜》一文, 真正体会了他说的“用耳朵阅读”:有朝一日这些东西会成为写作素材。在语文课堂教学中, 我也希望我所选用的这些视频素材也有朝一日成为学生有用的语文素材。都说音乐是没有国界的, 2012年, 一首《江南Style》风靡全世界, 它的网络点击率竟然登上了吉尼斯纪录。的确, 只要视频有人上传, 即使我们不能亲临现场观看, 那种激情四射, 也能让你感同身受。不用说现在网络疯传的张家界版鸟叔, 歌手吴克群在央视《梦想合唱团》里作词的《江南Style》也别有一番风味。不仅他们相信, 感动中国, 一定有奇迹。我也相信, 不管作秀也罢, 宣传也罢, 我们都要感谢这样世界性的视频, 不仅让你领略潮流Style, 还带来了全民皆欢的效应, 何乐而不看呢?对于枯燥而刻板的语文课文的学习, 加入适当的视频片段, 对于加深语文知识理解与记忆, 从而累积文化底蕴, 我觉得功劳是不可抹杀的。虽说观看带有很强的功利性, 但观看时的轻松与愉悦, 是单纯地阅读课文所无法比拟的。

当新的一年到来时, 央视的《焦点访谈》出现了时尚的网络用语“高富帅”、“白富美”和“屌丝”, 它们冲击我们敏感的神经。我期望我选用的视频能成为像央视《对话》栏目说的那样, 也能成为学生“思想的盛宴”, 至少能给他们最真实的人生情感体验。我也期望这种教学尝试能给学生带来更多的语文乐趣, 能让他们紧跟时代流行的元素, 感受文学的无穷魅力。

哲学大师卡缪说:请不要走在我的前面, 因为我不喜欢去跟随;请不要走在我的后面, 因为我不爱充领导;我只期望你与我同行。就让我在语文课堂上用好视频素材, 与学生共同欣赏, 一起提高我们的文化情商, 在语言表达和语文活动中大显身手。

面对屏幕上快乐家族的快乐无限, 天天兄弟的天天向上, 就让我们像航母Style那样, 一路走起, 与视频同行, 与精彩同行!

[1]语文 (职业模块财经、商贸及服务类) 课本[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2010.

[2]李海林.语文教学科研十讲[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社, 2005.[3]韩雪屏.语文教育的心理学原理[M].上海:上海教育出版社,

参考文献

[1]语文 (职业模块财经、商贸及服务类) 课本[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2010.

[2]李海林.语文教学科研十讲[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社, 2005.