历年定语从句高考真题

历年定语从句高考真题（精选6篇）

历年定语从句高考真题 第1篇

定语从句2011-2013高考真题汇编

(2011全国卷I)31.The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what

（2011全国卷II）7.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which

（2011北京卷）26.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that

(2011上海卷)39.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as

（2011山东卷）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that

（2011江西卷）34.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years.A.for whichB.with whichC.of whichD.to which

（2011江苏卷）24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

（2011安徽卷）28.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while

（2011浙江卷）8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those

（2011浙江卷）10.A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there

（2011福建卷）24.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who

（2011四川卷）17.The school shop,________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where

（2011天津卷）10.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which

（2011陕西卷）11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that

(2011湖南卷)25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _______ she spoke fluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that

(2012全国卷II)8.That evening, _______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

(2012北京卷)26.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

(2012上海卷)35.Have you sent thank—you notes to the relatives from _______ you received gifts?

A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom

(2012天津卷)7.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _______help I would never have got this far.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which

(2012江苏卷)22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what

(2012安徽卷)29.A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A.asB.itC.whichD.this

(2012湖南卷)34.Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered.A.whatB.in whatC.whichD.in which

(2012福建卷)23.The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A.thatB.itC.asD.what

(2012陕西卷)14.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what

(2012山东卷)23.Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what

(2012重庆卷)29.Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as importance as sales skills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

(2012四川卷)13.In our class there are 46 students, ________ half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in themC.of whomD.of them

(2012江西卷)28．By 16:30,was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that

(2012浙江卷)9.We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.whyB.whenC.to whomD.on which

(2012浙江卷)17.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom

(2013新课标1)“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” _________.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old sayingC.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying（2013课标卷II）4.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _______ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

（2013北京卷）27.Many countries are now setting up national parks _______ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

（2013天津卷）6.We have launched another man-made satellite, _______ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

（2013湖南卷）21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

（2013江苏卷）32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China ______, he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

（2013江西卷）33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

（2013辽宁卷）34.He may win the competition, _______ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

（2013山东卷）35.Finally he reached a lonely island _______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

（2013四川卷）9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

（2013浙江卷）13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

（2013上海卷）38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what

（2013重庆卷）24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _______ are family members.A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

（2013安徽卷）29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ______ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

（2013福建卷）27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

（2013山东卷）31.There is no simple answer, _______ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

（2013陕西卷）16.______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

（2013浙江卷）5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

历年定语从句高考真题 第2篇

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．(2013·湖北襄阳3月调研)Mr Smith will give a lecture on this issue tomorrow afternoon，________________________________.(worth)

明天下午，史密斯先生将作一个关于这个问题的讲座。据说，这个讲座值得参加。答案： which is said to be worth attending

2．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)Is it these piles of coats________________________________？(iron)

是这几堆外套需要熨烫吗？

答案： that need ironing/that need to be ironed

3．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)The book，______________yesterday，is called Life of Pi.(pick)

你昨天挑出来的那本书叫做《少年派的奇幻漂流》。

答案：(which)you picked out

4．(2013·武汉市武昌区联考)Charlie Chaplin made people laugh at a time________________________，so they could feel more content with their lives.(depress)

在人们感到沮丧的时候，查理·卓别林可以使他们开怀大笑，于是他们就会对自己的生活感到比较满足。

答案： when they felt depressed

5．(2013·武汉市武昌区联考)It was more important to me to know how people thought，because this gave me an insight into the best way________________________________.(work)

对我来说更重要的是知道人们是怎么想的，因为这能让我了解与他们合作的最好方式。答案：(that/in which)I could work with them

6．(2013·湖北省武汉市名校高三第二次调研测试)Three teachers murdered at Sandy Hook Elementary School all died，trying to save their students from a gunman________________________the son of a school teacher there.(recognize)

在美国桑迪胡克小学枪击案中，三名老师为救学生而牺牲，嫌疑犯被认出是学校一名教师的儿子。

答案：(who was)recognized as

7．(2013·湖北荆州质量检测Ⅰ)The two films are adapted from the novels of the same title，________________________by the students.(think)

这两部影片自同名小说改编而来，都受到了同学们的高度评价。

答案：(both of)which are thought highly of

8．(2013·湖北襄阳五校高三下学期期中联考)This park is a wonderful place__________a good time.(have)

这个公园是个人人都能玩得很痛快的好地方。

答案： where everybody can have

9．(2013·湖北鄂西示范高中质量检查)There are 3 kinds of paper to make a card with，none________________________easily.(tear)

这儿有三种纸可以用来做卡片，它们都不容易被撕破。

答案： of which tears

10．(2013·湖北省十堰市四校4月联考)There are two tall buildings around our school，________________________nearly one hundred feet high.(stand)

我们学校旁边有两座很高的建筑，其中较高的一座有一百多英尺。

答案： the taller of which stands/of which the taller stands

11．(2013·春季湖北省宜昌三校高三年级三月联考)It must be the way________________________________your ugly handwriting.(lead)

一定是你写字的方式导致你笔迹难看。

答案：(that/in which)you write that leads to

12．(2013·湖北宜昌三校三月联考)In our school there are about five thousand students，at least____________________________glasses.(wear)

我们学校大约有五千名学生，至少有一半戴眼镜。

答案： half of whom wear

13．(2013·湖北黄冈部分中学统一调研)Whether peasant workers have the right to send their children to study in city schools close to__________________________________has caused a wide concern.(work)

农民工是否有权把他们的孩子送到离他们工作地点近的城市的学校学习，这个问题引起了广泛关注。

答案： where they work

14．(2013·湖北黄冈部分中学统一调研)Microblog，________________________brief and fast，is playing an increasingly important role in social life.(feature)

微博，以其短和快的特点，正在社会生活中发挥着日益重要的作用。

答案： which features/featuring

15．(2013·武汉市5月模拟)Robinson was a New York Times best­selling author，__________________have been sold.(copy)

罗宾森曾是《纽约时报》最畅销书作家，他的书已卖了两百万本。

答案： two millions copies of whose books

16．(2013·荆州高中毕业班质量检测二)I have been dreaming of climbing that

mountain，__________________________an old temple.(stand)

我一直梦想能爬上那座山顶上有座古庙的高山。

答案： on whose top stands/on the top of which stands

17．(2013·鄂州高三摸底考试)Simon helped Alice repair her guitar，____________________(对此她十分感激)．(grateful)

答案： which she was very grateful for/for which she was very grateful

18．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学下学期联考)I tried two different methods，of________________________to work very well.(seem)

我试的两种不同的办法似乎都不太有效。

答案： which neither seemed

19．(2013·湖北省两所名校4月联考)As a middle school student，all______________________________is just to make every effort to study.(do)

作为一个中学生，你所应当做的就是竭尽全力地学习。

答案：(that)you should do

20．(2013·湖北省三所名校高三下学期调研)Suddenly it began to rain，__________________________our picnic had to be canceled.(result)

突然开始下雨了，因此我们的野餐计划只好取消。

答案： as a result of which

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

(2012·安徽省皖北协作区高三年级联考)

The reelection is won，so it’s no wonder Michelle Obama is looking for some relaxing entertainment to get through those four more years.And the First Lady of the United States is turning to British television to get her quick_fix.It has been reported that Michelle Obama is such a big fan of the hit show Downton Abbey that she turned to ITV bosses to try and get her hands on season three ahead of its official US release date.The Sun reports that the First Lady and the President didn’t want to wait until the series returned on US television on January 6.Michelle reportedly contacted ITV to ask to send her a few DVDs with new series，which they did，making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course.A source at ITV tells the newspaper，“We’d heard the Obamas liked to watch it but we were very surprised when someone from the First Lady’soffice got in touch asking for the series.They were very polite and we weremore than happy to sort out some DVDs to send over.” However，ITVsaid they hoped the Obamas could

keep a secret and not spoil the bigfinale for the rest of the overseas fans.The costume drama is very popular across the world and the audienceloves how typically British the show is.But the President is such a fanthat he even invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern—the Earl and Countess of Grantham—to his White Housedinner for David Cameron in March.Meanwhile，British actor Damian Lewis recently revealed that the President is also a big fan of his show Homeland，and had also requested a signed DVD box of the American spy series.语篇解读 美国总统奥巴马和其夫人米歇尔爱看《唐顿庄园》，甚至向英国独立电视台索要《唐顿庄园》最新一季的DVD版。

1．What can we know from the text?

A．Michelle was turned down by ITV.B．Downton Abbey hasn’t returned on television.C．Michelle’s needs were satisfied.D．Michelle Obama turned to ITV herself.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，米歇尔的需求得到了满足。答案： C

2．What does “quick fix”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?

A．Good advice.C．An easy solution.B．A difficult situation.D．An act of understanding.解析： 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知，米歇尔等不及《唐顿庄园》第三季在美国1月份播出，向英国独立电视台主管索要该剧最新一季的DVD版，故答案是C项，米歇尔向英国电视台寻求解决办法。

答案： C

3．Which stars were invited to dinner in the White House?

A．Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.B．The Earl and Countess of Grantham.C．David Cameron，Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.D．David Cameron and the Earl and Countess of Grantham.解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern”可知应选A项。

答案： A

4．What can we learn about Downton Abbey from the text?

A．The Obamas like Downton Abbey as well as Homeland.B．The Obamas can enjoy the latest series in their spare time.C．Downton Abbey is an American spy series.D．Season three will be on UK television in January.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course”可推知B项正确。

答案： B

B

(2013·湖北省八市高三年级三月调考)

Humans aren’t the only species on the planet with a penchant for electronic gadgets(小配件)．Zookeepers across the US and Canada are discovering that apes also get excited about apps.As part of a program called “Apps for Apes”，12 zoos across the two countries have been introducing iPads into the entertainment time for orangutans(猩猩)，the giant furry red primates native to Indonesia and Malaysia.“We find that，similar to people，they like touching the tablet，watching short videos of David Attenborough for instance，and looking at other animals and orangutans，”said Richard Zimmerman，founding director of Orangutan Outreach，a non­profit program.Twice weekly orangutans are provided with access to the tablets.The animals spend 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps depending on their attention span.Apps designed for children that stimulate activities such as painting，music and memory games are among the most popular apps with the apes.“It is much like when we’re showing children pop­up books，” saidZimmerman，adding that the orangutans are among the most intelligentprimates，with the intelligence level of a young child.The program，which relies on donated iPads，will soon be expandingto zoos across Australia，New Zealand，Japan and Europe.语篇解读 美国和加拿大的动物饲养员发现，灵长类动物对人类使用的电子设备同样会上瘾。

5．The word “penchant” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to________.A．awareness

C．impressionB．addictionD．devotion

解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的一句话可知，美国和加拿大的动物饲养员发现类人猿在玩应用软件的时候也会很兴奋。因此人类不是地球上唯一喜欢电子设备的物种。

答案： B

6．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．12 zoos are involved in the program in the US.B．Orangutans were originally found in Indonesia and Malaysia.C．Orangutan Outreach is a successful company which earns much money.D．All the animals in the zoo spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps.解析： 正误判断题。根据第二段的“across the two countries”和第三段的“Orangutan Outreach，a non­profit program”以及第四段第一句可知A、C、D项错误。根据第二段的“the giant furry red primates native to Indonesia and Malaysia”可知B项正确。

答案： B

7．It can be concluded from the passage that________.A．the program has been successful in Europe

B．orangutans are nearly as smart as children of young ages

C．orangutans are the animals with thick shell

D．apps are designed for orangutans to stimulate activities such as painting and memory games

解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知该项目还将推广到欧洲；根据第二段可知这种动物是毛茸茸的(furry)动物；从文章对实验的叙述看，这些应用软件原本是人类使用的，而不是专门为organgutans设计的。因此A、C、D项错误。根据第五段可知这种动物是灵长类动物里最聪明的，其智商相当于小孩，因此B项正确。

答案： B

8．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A．Using apps for apes

B．Let’s help zoos

C．Wonderful zoos welcome you

D．A traditional program will expand

解析： 主旨大意题。全文介绍了科学家用一种猩猩做实验，证明猩猩也和人类一样，喜欢那些时尚的小电器，因此选A。

高考定语从句考查热点剖析 第3篇

定语从句由于先行词的复杂性、关系词的多样性及其在从句中成分的多变性、位置的灵活性等特点使其成为历年来高考热点考查项目。2007～2011年全国各地高考英语试卷大部分涉及定语从句, 并且考查热点有一定的相似性和规律性。笔者归纳出各个考查热点, 同时对相应的易错点、易混点给予警示, 以期对2012年考生备考有所帮助。

热点一、考查非限制性定语从句

【典型考例】

1.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ____is named after his grandfather. (2010年全国卷Ⅰ)

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

2.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ___the audience can buy ice-cream. (2011年江苏卷)

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

答案与解析:1.A2.A这两个考例都是考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。题1句意是:作为一个孩童, 杰克在一个山村小学读书, 而这个小学是以他祖父的名字命名的。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 因此要用which;题2句意是:音乐会期间有个间隙, 期间观众可以买冰激凌。先行词为interval, 表示时间概念, 由于定语从句中不缺少任何成分, 故用关系副词when。

【考点归纳】非限制性定语从句中, 先行词和定语从句往往有逗号隔开, 对先行词起补充说明作用。最近几年高考对非限制性定语从句的考查有逐年上升的趋势, 2011年有八套试卷对其进行了考查, 主要体现在以下几点:

(1) which引导的非限制性定语从句先行词可以是物, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语;也可指代前面整个主句, 译为“这一点”。其位置只能放在句中, 不能放在句首。

(2) 根据在定语从句中所作的成分来确定所需要的关系代词或关系副词, 若作主语、宾语或表语就用which/who/whom, 若作状语就用when/where。

【易错点、易混点警示】

(1) 非限制性定语从句易与并列句混淆。如:

1) This is her sister, and she works in a factory. (并列句)

2) This is her sister, who works in a factory. (非限制性定语从句)

(2) 非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词在任何情况下都不能省略, 而关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可省略。例如:

I am reading a book I bought yesterday. (正) I am reading a book, I bought yesterday. (误)

(3) 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

Can you tell me the reason, for which you were absent yesterday? (正)

Can you tell me the reason, why you were absent yesterday? (误)

热点二、考查关系副词引导的定语从句

【典型考例】

1.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet__life has developed gradually. (2010年福建卷)

A.thatB.whereC.which D.whose

2.Occasions are quite rare__I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008年山东卷)

A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when

答案与解析:1.B 2.D题1中先行词为表示地点的名词the only planet, 后面定语从句主谓宾结构完整, 故选用关系副词where作从句的地点状语;题2中先行词为表示时间的名词occasions, 后面定语从句不缺少成分, 故选用关系副词when作从句的时间状语。

【考点归纳】

(1) 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时, 要用关系副词。

when=表示时间的介词 (如in, at, during等) +which;

where=表示地点的介词 (如in, at, on, under等) +which;

why=表示原因的介词 (for) +which;

how=表示方式的介词 (如in) +which。

(2) 英语中有些特殊先行词, 如case, point, situation, activity, business等引导定语从句时, 引导词常用where=in which;occasion, age等引导定语从句时, 引导词常用when=in/on/at...+which, 在从句中作状语。如:

The couple have reached a point where they have to separate from each other.

The age when people seek for fashion has come.

【易错点、易混点警示】

考生难于区分关系代词和关系副词的具体用法, 容易把表示地点的名词和关系副词where联系在一起, 把表示时间的名词和关系副词when联系在一起, 结果导致误选、错选。关系代词和关系副词的选用可根据以下两个原则:

(1) 根据从句中的谓语动词来判断。如从句的谓语动词是及物动词, 其后又没宾语, 就一定要用关系代词;如从句的谓语动词是不及物动词, 就要用关系副词。例如:

The place which/that I visited last year was very beautiful. (visit是及物动词, 后面加宾语)

The place where I lived last year was very beautiful. (live是不及物动词, 后面不加宾语)

(2) 根据关系词在从句中担任的成分来判断。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语, 而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此, 做题时, 学会分析句子成分是很有必要的。例如:用that, when, which, where填空:

1) I want to know the date__you were born.

2) I have forgotten the date__you told me.

3) This is the farm___my mother works.

4) That is the farm___my father built.

答案:when, which/that, where, which/that

热点三、考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

【典型考例】

1.That's the new machine__parts are too small to be seen. (2010年山东卷)

A.thatB.whichC.whose D.what

2.The school shop, __customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. (2011年四川卷)

A.which B.whoseC.whenD.where

答案与解析:1.C 2.B以上考例是考查关系代词whose引导定语从句的。题1句意是:这个新机器的零件太小看不见。该句的先行词为machine, 在从句中作parts的定语, 故用whose引导定语从句;题2句意是:这家校内商店放假时关门, 它的顾客主要是学生。先行词the school shop在定语从句中作customers的定语。

【考点归纳】关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语, 修饰名词, 构成“whose+名词”的形式, 它的先行词可以是物, 也可以是人。

【易错点、易混点警示】

whose引导的定语从句易与并列句中的物主代词its, their混淆。例如:

China has the 3rdlongest river in the world, whose name is the Changjiang River. (定语从句)

China has the 3rdlongest river in the world, and its name is the Changjiang River. (并列句)

如在定语从句中作主语的名词前明显缺少限定词, 不管先行词是物还是人, 都用whose。在这种情况下, “whose+名词”可用“the+名词+of+which/whom”或“of+which/whom+the+名词”代替。例如:That's the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.=That's the new machine of which the parts are too small to be seen.

热点四、考查关系代词that/which/who/whom引导的定语从句

【典型考例】

1.The old town has narrow streets and small houses__are built close to each other. (2011年山东卷)

A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that

2.Yesterday she sold her car, __she bought a month ago. (2008年浙江卷)

A.whom B.whereC.thatD.which

3.I've become good friends with several of the students in my school__I met in the English speech contest last year. (2010年湖南卷)

A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which

答案与解析:1.D 2.D 3.A题1先行词是narrow streets and small houses, 定语从句中缺少主语, 因此选择关系代词that;题2是非限制性定语从句, 先行词car担任定语从句中bought的宾语, 只能选which;题3先行词是several of the students, 在定语从句中担任met的宾语, 故用who。

【考点归纳】

that, which, who和whom都是关系代词, 在定语从句中担任主语、宾语或表语。

当先行词指人:1) 在定语从句中作主语时, 关系代词用who/that, 不可省略;2) 在定语从句中作宾语时, 关系代词用whom/who/that, 可省略。当先行词指物:1) 在定语从句中作主语时, 关系代词用which/that, 不可省略;2) 在定语从句中作宾语时, 关系代词用which/that, 可省略。

【易错点、易混点警示】

关系代词which和that, who和that之间的用法多数情况下是相通的, 但彼此之间又存在一些不同之处, 这些不同之处恰恰给命题者找到了切入点。因此, 掌握它们的不同用法尤为重要。

先行词指物, 宜用that引导的定语从句有下列情况:

1) 先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词;例如:

All that glitters is not gold. (并不是所有闪光的东西都是金子。)

2) 先行词既指人又指物时;例如:

They talked about the people and things that they could remember. (他们讨论了他们能记住的人和事。)

3) 先行词前有the only, the very, the right, the same等修饰时;例如:

This is the right person that I'm waiting for. (这正是我在等的人。)

4) 当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时;例如:

It is the most boring film that I have ever seen. (它是我所看过的最乏味的电影。)

5) 在疑问词who, which, what开头的句子中;例如:

Whoever that is content with a little progress can't make big achievements. (任何一个取得一点成绩就自满的人都不可能有很大成就。)

6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语;例如:

He is no longer the man that he used to be. (他不再是过去的他了。)

7) 有两个定语从句, 其中一个关系代词已用which, 另外一个宜用that。例如:

They have a factory which produces things that cause pollution. (他们有一个工厂, 生产会造成污染的东西。)

先行词指物, 宜用which引导的定语从句有下列情况:

1) 非限制性定语从句中, 只用which;例如:

He got the first place in the 100-meter race, which made his parents very happy. (他在100米赛跑中获得一等奖, 这使得他的父母很高兴。)

2) 定语从句中介词提前时, 只用which;例如:

The house in which we are living is very big. (我们住的房子很大。)

热点五、考查分割式定语从句

【典型考例】

1.The days are gone__physical strength was all you needed to make a living. (2011年天津卷)

A.whenB.thatC.where D.which

2.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister__she would stay for an hour. (2010年江西卷)

A.where B.whoC.which D.what

3.I've become good friends with several of the students in my school__I met in the English speech contest last year. (2010年湖南卷)

A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which

答案与解析:1.A 2.A 3.A题1句意:完全靠体力谋生的日子一去不复返了。先行词为days, 要选用的引导词在定语从句中作状语, 故用关系副词when。题2句意:这个女孩安排好了要与她妹妹一起到培训中心上钢琴课, 在那儿她经常会呆一个小时。本句先行词为the training centre, 要选用的引导词在定语从句中作状语, 故选关系副词where。题3句意是:我已经与去年我在英语竞赛中遇到的我们学校的几个学生成了好朋友。此句先行词为several of the students, 再加上定语从句中缺少宾语, 故选who。

【考点归纳】定语从句修饰先行词, 常直接放在其后。但有时定语从句与先行词之间被插入其他成分, 这类定语从句叫分割式定语从句。此时, 解题的关键是要找到定语从句的先行词, 然后根据其在从句中的成分确定关系词。

【易错点、易混点警示】

对于分割式定语从句的考查, 考生容易误判先行词, 从而导致错用关系词。常见的分割形式有如下几种:

(1) 先行词与定语从句被插入语分割。常见的插入语有I think, of course, believe it or not, you know等, 此时可忽略该插入语, 这样可以使该句变得容易而简单。例如:

He made another wonderful discovery, __of great importance to science.

A.which I think isB.which I think it is

C.which I think itD.I think which is

答案:A

(2) 先行词与定语从句被谓语分割。例如:

China has developed fast whose people are very kind and hard-working. (中国发展很快, 它的人民既友好又勤劳。)

(3) 先行词与定语从句被状语分割。例如:

There is someone in the office who is looking for you. (办公室有人正在找你。)

热点六、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

【典型考例】

1.Wind power is an ancient source of energy__we may return in the near future. (2010年上海卷)

A.on whichB.by which

C.to whichD.from which

2.Gun control is a subject__Americans have argued for a long time. (2009年陕西卷)

A.of whichB.with which

C.about whichD.into which

答案与解析:1.C2.C题1句意是:风力是古老的能源, 在不久的将来我们可能会恢复使用它。介词to+which引导的定语从句修饰先行词energy, return to表示“恢复, 回到”之意。题2中先行词是subject, C选项与从句中的argue构成argue about短语。

【考点归纳】

当关系代词作介词宾语时, 可以把介词放到关系代词之前, 构成“介词+关系代词 (which/whom) ”引导的定语从句。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中, 关系代词指人时只用whom, 不可用who/that;指物时只用which, 不可用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose。近几年的考查主要是集中在介词的选择上, 同时兼顾关系代词的识别。

【易错点、易混点警示】

在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中, 介词的选择是关键, 也是考生深感头痛之处。笔者以为, 介词的选择可依据以下原则:

(1) 根据该介词和先行词的固定搭配来确定。例如:

I admire my English teacher very much from whom I learn a lot. (learn from sb.为固定搭配)

(2) 根据定语从句中的动词习惯搭配来确定。例如:

There are some people to whom you can turn. (turn to sb.为固定搭配)

(3) 根据从句中的形容词搭配来确定。例如:

He introduced me some reference books with which I am not very familiar. (be familiar with为固定搭配)

(4) 表示“所属关系”或“整体中的部分”时用介词of。

She has seen many films, of which Kung Fu Panda is her favorite.

(5) 有一些动词短语不能拆开, 如pay attention to, look after, take care of, depend on等。例如:

The baby after whom I am looking is better. (误)

The baby whom I am looking after is better. (正)

热点七、“名词、代词、数词……+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句

【典型考例】

1.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. (2011年江西卷)

A.for whichB.with which

C.of whichD.to which

2.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____are beyond our control. (2008湖南卷)

A.most of themB.most of which

C.most of whatD.most of that

答案与解析:1.C.2.B题1的句意:她带领游客参观了那座博物馆, 它的建设花了三年多。先行词the museum作主语the construction的定语, 构成the construction of which结构。题2的先行词是a number of factors, 定语从句表示大多数我们无法控制, 因此用most of which。

【考点归纳】

“名词、代词、数词……+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句一样, 关系代词指人时只用whom, 不可用who/that;指物时用which, 不可用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose。近几年的考查主要集中在关系代词的识别。

【易错点、易混点警示】

“名词、代词、数词……+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句易与并列句中“名词、代词、数词……+of+人称代词”混淆。因此, 介词后是接关系代词whom, which, whose还是人称代词them, their就要特别注意。

(1) 由“名词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句可转换成“whose+名词”引导的定语从句。如:He has lost the dictionary the cover of which has come off.

the cover of which=whose cover=of which the cover

(2) 此种类型的定语从句还可以转换成并列句。如:

He has three good friends, all of whom are doctors. (正)

He has three good friends and all of them are doctors. (正)

He has three good friends and all of whom are doctors. (误)

综上所述, 最近几年高考英语对定语从句的考查非常全面, 主要体现在以上七个考查热点上。2012届备考师生在复习定语从句时, 应该全面掌握定语从句的基本用法, 并且还应对以上考点进行特别关注。

跟踪练习:

1.Please tell me the reason, _____you were absent from the meeting.

A.whichB.for that

C.whyD.for which

2.We are living in a time_____people all over the world can easily communicate with each other.

A.thatB.whenC.which D.what

3.What is the most interesting film_____you have ever seen?

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who

4.Do you know the woman, _____son is a famous doctor in Canada?

A.whoB.whichC.herD.whose

5.The man_____we talked the day before yesterday proved to be a robber.

A.whoB.whom

C.about whomD.with whom

6.Rose has learned Japanese, French and Chinese for three years, all of_____she can use freely.

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which

7.John visited the museum with some of his friends, _____they had a great time and took lots of photos.

A.which B.whereC.whoD.that

8.The person_____you are coming has left my home.

A.whomB.for whom

C.to whomD.about whom

9.Thousands of people were killed in the tsunami, _____made us feel very sorrowful.

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which

10.Mrs.Smith gave birth to a lovely daughter, _____was very big.

A.the eyes of whomB.whom the eyes of

C.which the eyes ofD.the eyes of which

11.This story is written by his sister, _____is working in a company.

A.sheB.thatC.whom D.who

12.I'm not sure whether there is such beautiful place_____you have described to us.

A.thatB.asC.which D.where

13.Wang Wei lived in the country for two years, during_____time he planted many trees.

A.thatB.thisC.sameD.which

14.Mr.Zhang directed another film this year, _____very interesting and instructive.

A.which I think isB.which I think it is C.which I think itD.I think which is

15._____has been announced, we will have the mid-term examination next week.

A.Which B.ItC.WhatD.As

16.—Where did you run across your old classmate?

—It was in the supermarket_____I was shopping.

A.which B.thatC.where D.there

17.Is it in this village_____is surrounded by a river_____she was brought up.

A.which;thatB.that;where

C.where;thatD.where;which

18.The reason_____she asked a day off is_____she had a bad cold.

A.why;becauseB.that;that

C.why;thatD.that;because

参考答案与解析:

1.D先行词the reason在非限制性定语从句中作状语, 关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句, 要用for which表示原因。

2.B本句先行词是a time, 意思是“一个时期”, 定语从句中不缺少成分, 因此用when担任从句中的时间状语。

3.A先行词指物, 有形容词最高级修饰, 并且在从句中担任宾语, 因此要用that引导定语从句。

4.D非限制性定语从句中的主语son缺少限定词, 因此选whose作定语修饰son。

5.C先行词为the man, 定语从句中的talked后要加about, 表示“讨论”, 故选C。

6.D先行词Japanese, French and Chinese指物, 在定语从句中作of的宾语, 因此用which。

7.B先行词为the museum, 定语从句中主谓宾结构完整, 故用关系副词where担任从句中地点状语。

8.B先行词the person, 定语从句中的coming后要加for, 表示“来接某人”, 介词for提前, 故选B。

9.D先行词为前面整个句子, 又作非限制性定语从句的主语, 故用which引导。

10.A先行词为a lovely daughter, 在定语从句中作eyes的定语, 故用“the eyes of whom”结构, 相当于“whose eyes”。

11.D这是个非限制性定语从句, 先行词为his sister在从句中作主语, 因此用who引导。

12.B当定语从句先行词前有so, such, as等词语时, 由as引导, 并且as在定语从句中作主语或宾语。此句as作have described的宾语。

13.D非限制性定语从句中介词提前, 要用which, during which time意思是“在那段时间里”。

14.A先行词为another film, 非限制性定语从句中I think是插入语, 把I think去掉, 就很容易判断出答案为A。

15.D as引导非限制性定语从句代替整个主句, which不能放于句首。选项B应该构成It has been announced that...句式。

16.C这是省略的强调结构句子, 完整的句子是It was in the supermarket_____I was shopping that I met him.因此空格处应填一个定语从句的关系词。由于先行词supermarket在从句中作地点状语, 故选用关系副词where。

17.A强调部分是in this village_____is surrounded by a river, 因此第二个空格要添that;加上village后的_____is surrounded by a river是定语从句, 定语从句缺少主语, 可用which或that。综合两个空, 故选A。

18.C句意是:她请一天假的原因是因为她得了重感冒。The reason后的定语从句不缺少成分, 故用why作从句的原因状语。

定语从句高考考点聚焦 第4篇

which指代物,一词可“两用”

非限定性定语从句中,which引导的从句位于主句之后,指代前面整个主句或主句中的部分内容。从句中,which既起连接的作用,又充当一定的句子成分(如主语、宾语或表语)。

【真题再现】

1. My friend showed me round the town, _________ was very kind of him. (2009全国卷II)

A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it

解析:本题考查非限定性定语从句中关系代词的选择,that不能引导非限定性定语从句,首先排除B项。分析题干,从句缺少主语,且填入空格处的词需要指代前面整句的内容。D项it虽然可指代前面的主句,但不能起连接作用,故排除;剩下的两个词都可以起连接作用,但只有which可指代前面整个句子的内容并充当从句主语,而where只能作状语。故正确答案为A。

2. The Science Museum, _________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London's tourist attractions. (2008江苏卷)

A. whichB. whatC. that D. where

解析:分析题干的句子结构,从句缺少宾语。引导非限定性定语从句时,which可以在从句中作宾语,指代主句的主语“The Science Museum”,而where只能作状语。故正确答案为A。

【考点小结】

非限定性定语从句中,如果从句的先行词是物,且从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,通常要用which。事实上,非限定性定语从句可理解成某一并列句的转换。如例1可转换为:“My friend showed me round the town, and it was very kind of him.”

where表地点,可具体可抽象

关系副词where在定语从句中既起连接作用,又在从句中充当地点状语。选用关系副词的关键是正确分析从句的主干结构,且选词必须符合句意。

【真题再现】

1. It's helpful to put children in a situation _________ they can see themselves differently. (2009福建卷)

A. that B. when C. whichD. where

解析:分析句子结构,从句的主谓宾完整,空格处只能选用状语,由先行词“a situation”可知应选用作地点状语的where 引导定语从句。故正确答案为D。

2. They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008重庆卷)

A. where B. there C. which D. when

解析:首先排除地点副词there,因为there不能引导从句。如果要使用there,则后半句应改为“and they plan to stay there for two or three days”。由先行词“Washington”可知从句的关系词表地点,且从句缺少状语,所以应该用“where”或“in which”连接主从句。故正确答案为A。

【考点小结】

如果非限定性定语从句的先行词是表地点的词,且从句缺少状语,则关系词用where。从以上高考题可以看出,where引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是表具体明确地点的词,也可以是表抽象模糊地点的词。

whose表所属,紧伴名词左右

Whose在定语从句中充当名词的定语,构成“whose + 名词”的形式,表示事物的所属关系,既可以表示“某人的”,又可以表示“某物的”。

【真题再现】

1. A person _________ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. (2009天津卷)

A. who B. whom C. whoseD. whoever

解析:who和whom只可作定语从句的主语或宾语,而从句中并不缺少这两种成分,故排除;whoever引导名词性从句,故排除;分析题干可知,“A person”作定语从句的先行词,从句的主语“e-mail account”缺少限定词,whose可作定语修饰限定名词。故正确答案为C。

【考点小结】

定语从句中的名词缺少限定词(定冠词、不定冠词、代词)时,不能单独充当从句的主语或宾语,必须借助可充当定语的whose,即“whose + 名词”一起在从句中作主语或宾语。

介词 + which / whom,可作定语或状语

介词后接关系代词,在从句中可以作定语或状语;如果先行词是人,关系代词用whom;如果先行词是物,关系代词用which。对于介词的选用要综合考虑和谓语动词的搭配及整体句意。

【真题再现】

1. Gun control is a subject ____________ Americans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西卷)

A. ofwhichB. with which

C. about whichD. into which

解析:分析四个选项,区别之处在于和which搭配的介词不同。逐一进行分析:argue与about搭配,意思是“争论某事”;而“argue with sth.”用于否定句,意思是“不同意,不承认”;“argue sb. into doing sth.”意思是“说服某人做某事”。而argue作动词时不能和of搭配。故正确答案为C。

2. By nine o'clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _____________ appeared a rare rainbow soon. (2008福建卷)

A. ofwhichB. on which

C. from whichD. above which

解析:此定语从句的先行词是“the top of”,从句的正常语序应该是:“a rare rainbow soon appeared _________ the top of Mount Qomolangma.”介词above、on和at 都可与“the top of”搭配,表示“在……顶上”。但 above 侧重“不接触”, on侧重“面的接触”, at侧重“点”。根据句意,显然应该填“在山顶上空”。故正确答案为D。

3. We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people, most of _________ are healthy. (2007北京卷)

A. that B. which C. whatD. whom

解析:先行词为“so many people”,由逗号可知该句为非限定性定语从句。C项的what不可引导定语从句,故排除。关系代词which只能用于指代物,不能指代人,故排除;而关系代词that虽然可指代人,但不可直接置于介词后面作宾语。Whom引导非限定性定语从句可表人,又可充当介词宾语。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

解“介词 + which / whom + 定语从句”这一考点的关键是把先行词代入相应的定语从句中,根据从句谓语动词的习惯搭配或与先行词的关系,或由题干整体句意来确定。

剔除插入语,准确判定先行词

一般来说,定语从句总是紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后。但有时定语从句和先行词常常被介词或其他成分隔开,正常的句子结构被打乱,使考生难以准确判定定语从句的先行词,增加了解题难度。

【真题再现】

1. She'll never forget her stay there _________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009四川卷)

A. that B. whichC. whereD. when

解析:解答此题的关键在于判定there分隔了先行词“her stay”和关系词引导的定语从句。如果考生误把there当作先行词,则很容易误选表示地点的关系词where。而事实上,这个句子真正的先行词是“her stay”,结合从句的句意,可知此处需由表时间的关系副词来引导。故正确答案为D。

2. Occasions are quite rare _________ I have the time to spend a day with the kids. (2008山东卷)

A. who B. whichC. whyD. when

解析:从句的正常语序应该是:“Occasions I have the time...are quite rare.” 为了避免主句头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,于是将定语从句置于主句的系表结构“are quite rare”之后。此句的先行词Occasions表时间,且从句缺少时间状语,所以应该用when或on which连接。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

从以上真题可以看出,能否成功剔除句子的插入语以及准确判定定语从句的先行词是解题关键。

as作关系代词

As作关系代词主要用于非限定性定语从句中,指代整个主句,意思是“这一点”,在从句中通常作主语或宾语;其引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句之间。

【真题再现】

The Beatles, _________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2007天津卷)

A. whatB. thatC. how D. as

解析:本句的主语“The Beatles”和谓语“came”之间插入了一个非限定性定语从句。What和how都不能引导定语从句,而that只可用于限定性定语从句;as引导非限定性定语从句可指代整个主句,作从句中不定式“to remember”的宾语。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

As 引导非限定性定语从句最显著的特点是:从句前或后必有逗号与主句分开,形式上和插入语类似,且从句的主干结构不完整,缺少主语或宾语,需要as充当。

关系代词的省略

关系代词that、who(m)、which在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,在口语中常常可以省略。

【真题再现】

1. The house I grew up _________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西卷)

A. in itB. inC. in that D. in which

解析:此题考生容易误选“in which”。若要使用“in which”,必须将题干改为“The house ____ I grew up has been...”,或者把关系代词放在引导位置,变为:“The house which (或that) I grew up in has been...”。而关系代词that或which作及物动词或介词宾语时,在口语中常常省略。故正确答案为B。

【考点小结】

当某个名词或代词后出现从句且题干中没有连词时,则应该考虑到作动词或介词的宾语that或which被省略的情况。所以考生在解题的时候,可以将省略的引导词补充出来,从而帮助其快速、清晰地理解句子结构。

定语从句与并列句、名词性从句、强调句型的区别

定语从句和并列句、名词性从句以及强调句型有些许相似之处,如果考生不能准确判别,便会影响正确答题。下面笔者就结合具体真题进行讲解。

【真题再现】

1.—What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (2009北京卷)

A. where B. whichC. when D. that

解析:此题很容易让考生误认为是强调结构“It is...that”而误选that。我们知道,强调结构中的it、that只是结构形式的需要,均无实际意义,去掉后句子结构和句意依然完整。而这句话中,如果去掉“It is”,剩下的部分“a job you are doing something ...”结构混乱,与强调结构的特点相矛盾,故判定其不是强调结构。分析句子结构,“It”指代“teaching”,“a job”是先行词,从句中主谓宾结构完整,缺少的只是地点状语,故正确答案为A。

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _________ didn't help. (2005全国卷III)

A. itB. sheC. whichD. he

解析:由连词but可知,其后应是并列的简单句, 代词“it”指代前面整个句子的内容,正确答案为A。这道题如果去掉连词but,就成了一个非限定性定语从句,应该选which引导定语从句。

3. _________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京卷)

A. It B. As C. ThatD. What

历年定语从句高考真题 第5篇

1、前置法

把定语从句翻译到它所修饰的先行词前面，常常用“的”来连接。(定语从句较短，结构简单)

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

太空和海洋是科学家们正努力探索的新世界。

Hewho has never tasted what is bitterdoes not know what is sweet.

没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

真题：(92:74)The first two must be equal //for all who are being compared, //if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.

分析：全句的主句The first two must be equal for all who are being compared;其中for是个介词，理解为“对...来说”;all 是个代词，意思是所有被比较者，who引导的是个定语从句，限定前面的代词all，该定语从句比较简单，可以前置。if引导的是个条件状语从句，主语是 any comparison，后面的介词短语是个固定短语，in terms of (就...而言，从…方面);第二被动结构是is to be made，应该翻译成主动意思，“做出比较”,if条件状语从句通常放在主句前面翻译。

译文：如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的。

2、后置法

把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句，关系词可以翻译为先行词或者与先行词相对应的代词。英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而无法叙述清楚。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.

他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

真题：(91:73) The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, //which means that we are heading into a crisis // in the matter of producing and marketing food.

1)not nearly 远非，远不如，远不能;match 相配，匹配，比得上

食品供应的增加远不足以赶上人口的增长

2) head v. 朝着……方向走去

这就意味着我们正在陷入危机

3) In the matter of ……关于，就……而言，在…..方面

market V.交易，销售

在粮食生产和销售方面

Which 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句的后面来翻译，这里 which 指代前面一整句话，可以翻译成“ 这”。

译文：

食品供应的增加将赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们在粮食生产和销售方面正陷入一场危机。

(01:71)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, //and cars with pollution monitors// that will disable them //when they offend.

句型分析：

1)主干结构是带双主语的存在句：There will be television chat shows..., and cars...

2)两个主语都带有定语：第一个主语television chat shows的定语是过去分词短语hosted by robots，第二个主语cars的定语是介词短语with pollution monitors。

3)定语从句that will disable them修饰的先行词是pollution monitors，最后一个从句when they offend是定语从句中的状语从句。

词汇：

television chat shows hosted by robots 由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，重点词hosted 主持 cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车

disable them 使汽车失灵(停止运行)them和they指代汽车

offend 多义词(汽车)污染超标，违规

译文：

届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标(违规)，监控器就会使其停驶。

3、状译法

有些定语从句，在逻辑上与主句有状语关系，表示原因、条件、结果、让步等，译成汉语中相对应的逻辑关系，翻译为状语从句。

He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for.

他坚持再买一幢房子，尽管他用不着。

真题：(90:64)

Behaviorists suggest //that the child who is raised in an environment //where there are many stimuli //which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses// will experience greater intellectual development.

句型分析：

that 引导的是个宾语从句，the child做宾语从句里的主语，will experience 是从句的谓语，在主谓之间又接了三个定语从句，第一个是who引导的，修饰前面的名词the child，第二个是where引导的，修饰前面的名词environment，最后是which引导的，修饰前面的名词stimuli。名词 capacity后面的介词做其后置定语。

词汇：

behaviorist 行为主义者 raise 抚养

stimuli 刺激物 capacity 能力

appropriate 适合的，适当的 intellectual 智力的

1)行为主义者认为

2)who 引导的定语从句非常复杂，其中又嵌套着 where 和which引导的定语从句，因此放先行词 the child 后面翻译，“儿童在一个环境下成长”

3)where 引导定语从句修饰 environment,该定从比较简单，可以前置。

有许多刺激物的环境。2和3组合在一起：儿童在一个有很多刺激物的环境下成长。

4)这些刺激物能够发展做出适当反应的能力

5)将会有更高的智力发展

最后根据句意可以得出，前后存在一定的条件逻辑关系，可以加上逻辑关系词 如果……那么……

译文：

行为主义者认为，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其做出适当反应的能力，那么这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。

4、融合法

前三种翻译方法在考研英语翻译中会经常使用，而最后一种方法-融合法不太常用，仅供大家了解。

把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，其中定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。

There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

楼下有人要见你。

In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.

2013年高考定语从句 第6篇

1animals and plants can be protected.A.when B.which C.whoseD.where

2.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

3.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

4.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

5.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

6.He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

7.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

8.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

9is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

10.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

11is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

12I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

13.”You can’t judge a book by its cover,” A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

14.The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

15.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ______ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

16.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of A themB.thatC.whichD.whom