大学英文毕业演讲

2024-07-15

大学英文毕业演讲（精选6篇）

大学英文毕业演讲第1篇

Good morning, dear faculty members, distinguished guests, families, friends and most importantly, today’s graduates.Thank you for giving me the opportunity to speak to you here on behalf of the graduates.This is a memorable day both in our personal lives and in the life of this school.Four years ago, we entered Sanjing university.Some of us may have doubted that if we had made the right decision, but now, because of the friends we made , because of the sadness and happiness we shared, because of the teachers who gave us guidance, because of all the time in Sanjiang we spent and all activities we participated in, we could not tear ourselves away from the dear campus.It’s difficult to contemplate that perhaps some of us may never see each other again.But we have so rich memeries and experiences that we will never foget each other.Today we enter the real world to face the challenge.With the knowledge and friends we gained from our university, with the endurance, perseverance, industry we possess, every obstacle that we may encounter in our lives will be overcome.I believe that everyone will make every effort to strive for our life.And remember, an ideal job is not found lying in the street;it takes time and effort to find.But in the end, it will be there for you.So don’t settle for second best and keep looking.Importantly, We are here today to give our thanks to the unconditional support of each of you, your words of encouragement in good times and your words of consolation in difficult moments.We thank you for your enormous patience with us, for always giving a little more than we asked for and for instilling in us the values and principles that govern our lives now and helping us to become the people we are.The degree that we will receive today also belongs to you.Last, I would like to congratulate each of you for having reached this goal.We did it, and now we are ready to graduate!

大学英文毕业演讲第2篇

哈佛女校长Drew G.Faust给2008年本科毕业生的演讲cVC大学生英语网

在这所久负盛名的大学的别具一格的仪式上，我站在了你们的面前，被期待着给予一些蕴含着恒久智慧的言论。站在这个讲坛上，我穿得像个清教徒教长——一个可能会吓到我的杰出前辈们的怪物，或许使他们中的一些人重新致力于铲除巫婆的事业上。这个时刻也许曾激励了很多清教徒成为教长。但现在，我在上面，你们在下面，此时此刻，属于真理，为了真理。cVC大学生英语网

In the curious custom of this venerable institution, I find myself standing before you expected to impart words of lasting wisdom.Here I am in a pulpit, dressed like a Puritan minister — an apparition that would have horrified many of my distinguished forebears and perhaps rededicated some of them to the extirpation of witches.This moment would have propelled Increase and Cotton into a true “Mather lather.” But here I am and there you are and it is the moment of and for Veritas.cVC大学生英语网

You have been undergraduates for four years.I have been president for not quite one.You have known three presidents;I one senior class.Where then lies the voice of experience? Maybe you should be offering the wisdom.Perhaps our roles could be reversed and I could, in Harvard Law School style, do cold calls for the next hour or so.cVC大学生英语网

你们已经在哈佛做了四年的大学生，而我当哈佛校长还不到一年。你们认识了三个校长，而我只认识了你们这一届大四的。算起来我哪有资格说什么经验之谈？或许应该由你们上来展示一下智慧。要不我们换换位置？然后我就可以像哈佛法学院的学生那样，在接下来的一个小时内不时地冷不防地提出问题。cVC大学生英语网

cVC大学生英语网

We all do seem to have made it to this point — more or less in one piece.Though I recently learned that we have not provided you with dinner since May 22.I know we need to wean you from Harvard in a figurative sense.I never knew we took it quite so literally.cVC大学生英语网

学校和学生们似乎都在努力让时间来到这一时刻，而且还差不多是步调一致的。我这两天才得知哈佛从5月22日开始就不向你们提供伙食了。虽然有比喻说“我们早晚得给你们断奶”，但没想到我们的后勤还真的早早就把“奶”给断了。cVC大学生英语网

cVC大学生英语网

But let’s return to that notion of cold calls for a moment.Let’s imagine this were a baccalaureate service in the form of Q & A, and you were asking the questions.“What is the meaning of life, President Faust? What were these four years at Harvard for? President Faust, you must have learned something since you graduated from college exactly 40 years ago?”(Forty years.I’ll say it out loud since every detail of my life — and certainly the year of my Bryn Mawr degree — now seems to be publicly available.But please remember I was young for my class.)cVC大学生英语网

现在还是让我们回到我刚才提到的提问题的事上吧。让我们设想下这是个哈佛大学给本科生的毕业服务，是以问答的形式。你们将问些问题，比如：“福校长啊，人生的价值是什么呢？我们上这大学四年是为了什么呢？福校长，你大学毕业到现在的40年里一定学到些什么东西可以教给我们吧？”（40年啊，我就直说了，因为我人生中的每段细节——当然包括我在布林茅尔女子学院的一年——现在似乎都成了公共资源。但请记住在哈佛我可是“新生”）cVC大学生英语网

cVC大学生英语网

In a way, you have been engaging me in this Q & A for the past year.On just these questions, although you have phrased them a bit more narrowly.And I have been trying to figure out how I might answer and, perhaps more intriguingly, why you were asking.cVC大学生英语网

在某种程度上，在过去的一年里你们一直都在让我从事这种问答。从仅仅这些问题上，即使你们措辞问题都倾向于狭义，而我除了思考怎么做出回答外，更激发我去思考的，是你们为什么问这些问题。cVC大学生英语网

Let me explain.It actually began when I met with the UC just after my appointment was announced in the winter of 2007.Then the questions continued when I had lunch at Kirkland House, dinner at Leverett, when I met with students in my office hours, even with some recent graduates I encountered abroad.The first thing you asked me about wasn’t the curriculum or advising or faculty contact or even student space.In fact, it wasn’t even alcohol policy.Instead, you repeatedly asked me: Why are so many of us going to Wall Street? Why are we going in such numbers from Harvard to finance, consulting, i-banking?cVC大学生英语网

听我解释。提问从2007年冬天我的任职被公布时与校方的会面就开始了。然后提问一直持续，不论是我在Kirkland House（哈佛的12个本科生宿舍之一）吃午饭还是在Leverett House（哈佛的12个本科生宿舍之一，本科高年级学生使用）吃晚饭，或是当我在办公时间与学生会见，甚至是我在与国外认识的刚考来的研究生的谈话中。你们问的第一个问题不是关于课业，不是让我提建议，也不是为了和教员接触，甚至是想向我提建议。事实上，更不是为了和我讨论酒精政策。相反，你们不厌其烦问的却是：为什么我们之中这么多人将去华尔街？为什么我们大量的学生都从哈佛走向了金融，理财咨询，投行？cVC大学生英语网

There are a number of ways to think about this question and how to answer it.There is the Willie Sutton approach.You may know that when he was asked why he robbed banks, he replied, “Because that’s where the money is.” Professors Claudia Goldin and Larry Katz, whom many of you have encountered in your economics concentration, offer a not dissimilar answer based on their study of student career choices since the seventies.They find it notable that, given the very high pecuniary rewards in finance, many students nonetheless still choose to do something else.Indeed, 37 of you have signed on with Teach for America;one of you will dance tango and work in dance therapy in Argentina;another will be engaged in agricultural development in Kenya;another, with an honors degree in math, will study poetry;another will train as a pilot with the USAF;another will work to combat breast cancer.Numbers of you will go to law school, medical school, and graduate school.But, consistent with the pattern Goldin and Katz have documented, a considerable number of you are selecting finance and consulting.The Crimson’s survey of last year’s class reported that 58 percent of men and 43 percent of women entering the workforce made this choice.This year, even in challenging economic times, the figure is 39 percent.cVC大学生英语网

对于这个问题有多种思考和回答方式。有一种解释就是如Willie Sutton所说的，一切向“钱”看。（Willie Sutton是个抢银行犯，被逮住后当被问到为什么去抢银行时，他说：“Because that is where the money is!”）你们中很多人见过的普通经济学教授Claudia Goldin 和Larry Katz，基于对上世纪70年代以来的学生的职业选择的研究，作出了差不多的回答。他们发现了值得注意的一点：即使从事金融业可以得到很高的金钱回报，很多学生仍然选择做其它的事情。实事上，你们中间有37人签到了“教育美国人”（Teach for America，美国的一个组织，其作用类似于中国的“希望工程”）；1人将去跳探戈舞蹈并在阿根廷从事舞蹈疗法；1人将致力于肯尼亚的农业发展；另有1人获得了数学的荣誉学位，却转而去研究诗歌；1人将去美国空军接受飞行员训练；还有1人将加入到与乳癌抗战当中。你们中的很多人将去法学院，医学院或研究生院。但是，和Goldin 和Katz教授有据证明的一样，你们中相当一部分人将选择金融和理财咨询。Crimson对于上届学生的调查显示，在就业的学生中，58%的男生和43%的女生做出了这个选择。今年，即使在经济受挑战的一年，这个数据是39%。cVC大学生英语网

High salaries, the all but irresistible recruiting juggernaut, the reassurance for many of you that you will be in New York working and living and enjoying life alongside your friends, the promise of interesting work — there are lots of ways to explain these choices.For some of you, it is a commitment for only a year or two in any case.Others believe they will best be able to do good by first doing well.Yet, you ask me why you are following this path.cVC大学生英语网

也许是为了高薪——难以抵抗的招聘诱惑，也许是为了留在纽约然后和朋友们一起工作生活和享受人生，也许是为了做自己感兴趣的工作——对于这些选择可以有各种各样的理由。对你们中的一些人，无论如何那也只是个一两年的契约。其他的一部分人相信他们只有在过得“富有”了以后才有可能过得“富有”价值。不过，你们依然会问我，为什么要走这条路？cVC大学生英语网

I find myself in some ways less interested in answering your question than in figuring out why you are posing it.If Professors Goldin and Katz have it right;if finance is indeed the “rational choice,” why do you keep raising this issue with me? Why does this seemingly rational choice strike a number of you as not understandable, as not entirely rational, as in some sense less a free choice than a compulsion or necessity? Why does this seem to be troubling so many of you?cVC大学生英语网

我发现我自己有时候对于回答你们的问题并没有多大兴趣，比较而言更感兴趣的却是捉摸你们为什么提那些问题。如果果真如Goldin和Katz教授所说；如果去搞金融确实是一个“理性”的选择，为什么你们会不停地向我提出这类问题？为什么看似理性的选择却让你们当中相当一部分人认为是令人费解的，伪理性的，或出于某种需求和强迫所作出的并不自由的选择？为什么这个问题似乎困扰着你们当中的很多一部分人？

You are asking me, I think, about the meaning of life, though you have posed your question in code — in terms of the observable and measurable phenomenon of senior career choice rather than the abstract, unfathomable and almost embarrassing realm of metaphysics.The Meaning of Life — capital M, capital L — is a cliché — easier to deal with as the ironic title of a Monty Python movie or the subject of a Simpsons episode than as a matter about which one would dare admit to harboring serious concern.cVC大学生英语网

我想，你们问我的是：关于人生价值的问题。虽然你们问得比较隐晦——即是些可以观察和衡量的大四学生职业选择的问题，而不是那抽象的，晦涩的，甚至会令人难堪的形而上学范畴的问题。人生价值，要人生？还是要价值？作为Monty Python那部片子（指的是六人行里《人生的价值》那一集）的讽刺意味的片名是不难理解的，作为《辛普森一家》（美国特别受欢迎的动画连续剧）的其中一集的主题也是不难理解的，可是当关系到“生存问题”的时候，就是不那么好办了。cVC大学生英语网

But let’s for a moment abandon our Harvard savoir faire, our imperturbability, our pretense of invulnerability, and try to find the beginnings of some answers to your question.cVC大学生英语网

那让我们还是暂时摘下那戴着的哈佛面具，收起那缺乏热情的冷漠，卸下我们看似刀枪不入的伪装，让我们尝试去探寻你们问的一些问题的答案。（我觉得校长能说出这句话真太棒了！我想她当时面对的听众的表情和我们在听课时的表情差不多。）cVC大学生英语网

I think you are worried because you want your lives not just to be conventionally successful, but to be meaningful, and you are not sure how those two goals fit together.You are not sure if a generous starting salary at a prestigious brand name organization together with the promise of future wealth will feed your soul.cVC大学生英语网

我觉得，你们之所以担忧，是因为你们不想仅仅是获得传统意义上的成功，而且要活得有价值。可是你们不清楚“鱼”与“熊掌”怎样才能“兼得”。你们不清楚是否，一家拥有著名品牌的企业提供的数目可观的并且预期着你未来财富的起薪，可以让你们的灵魂得到满足。cVC大学生英语网

Why are you worried? Partly it is our fault.We have told you from the moment you arrived here that you will be the leaders responsible for the future, that you are the best and the brightest on whom we will all depend, that you will change the world.We have burdened you with no small expectations.And you have already done remarkable things to fulfill them: your dedication to service demonstrated in your extracurricular engagements, your concern about the future of the planet expressed in your vigorous championing of sustainability, your reinvigoration of American politics through engagement in this year’s presidential contests.cVC大学生英语网

然而，你们为什么担忧呢？这部分地是我们的责任。当你们一踏进这个学校，我们就告诉你们：你们将成为领导未来的中坚人物，你们将成为美国人民依赖的最顶尖、最杰出的精英，你们将改变整个世界。我们“望子成龙”的期望使你们背上了负担。而你们为了实现这些期望也已经做得很好：在对课外活动的从事中，你们展示出对于服务性工作的奉献精神；从对可持续发展的热情拥护，你们表达出对这个星球的关怀；通过对今年总统竞选的参与，你们做出了希望使美国政治重新恢复活力的实际行动。cVC大学生英语网

But many of you are now wondering how these commitments fit with a career choice.Is it necessary to decide between remunerative work and meaningful work? If it were to be either/or, which would you choose? Is there a way to have both?cVC大学生英语网

但你们中的很多人现在会问，“怎样才能把做这些有价值的事情和一个职业选择结合起来呢？”“是否必须在一份有报酬却没价值的工作和一份有价值却没报酬的工作间做出抉择呢？”“如果是一个单选题，您会选哪一个？”“有没有折中的办法？”cVC大学生英语网

You are asking me and yourselves fundamental questions about values, about trying to reconcile potentially competing goods, about recognizing that it may not be possible to have it all.You are at a moment of transition that requires making choices.And selecting one option — a job, a career, a graduate program — means not selecting others.Every decision means loss as well as gain — possibilities foregone as well as possibilities embraced.Your question to me is partly about that — about loss of roads not taken.cVC大学生英语网

你们在问我，也是问你们自己问题，即关于价值观的根本性的问题。你们在试图调解两个商品潜在的相互竞争，承认也许不可能兼得两者。你们在经历一次人生的转折，而这个转折需要你们自己做出一些决定。选择一条道路——一份工作、一项事业或一个研究生课题——不单单是在选择东西。每个决定都意味着“得”与“失”——过去与未来的种种可能。你们问我的问题其实有几分是关于“失”，即你放弃的那条道路让你失去了什么。

Finance, Wall Street, “recruiting” have become the symbol of this dilemma, representing a set of issues that is much broader and deeper than just one career path.These are issues that in one way or another will at some point face you all — as you graduate from medical school and choose a specialty — family practice or dermatology, as you decide whether to use your law degree to work for a corporate firm or as a public defender, as you decide whether to stay in teaching after your two years with TFA.You are worried because you want to have both a meaningful life and a successful one;you know you were educated to make a difference not just for yourself, forcVC大学生英语网

your own comfort and satisfaction, but for the world around you.And now you have to figure out the way to make that possible.cVC大学生英语网

金融、华尔街，“招聘”一词已经成了这种博弈的符号，代表着比仅仅选择一条职业道路更广更深的一系列问题。这些问题早晚将面临着你们每个人——如果你是从医学院毕业，你将选择一个具体从医方向——做私人医生还是专攻皮肤病，如果你学的是法律，你将决定是用你的法律知识为一个公司法人卖命还是成为公众的正义化身，或是在 “教育美国人”两年后你决定是否继续从教。你们之所以担忧，是因为你们想拥有充满价值的同时又是成功的人生；你们知道，你们被教育要有大的作为，不仅仅是为了个人，为了自己生活地舒适，而是要让周围的世界因此而改变。(个人最喜欢这一句。——李江洪)因此你们才不得不思考怎样才能让其成为可能。cVC大学生英语网

I think there is a second reason you are worried — related to but not entirely distinct from the first.You want to be happy.You have flocked to courses like “Positive Psychology” — Psych 1504 — and “The Science of Happiness” in search of tips.But how do we find happiness? I can offer one encouraging answer: get older.Turns out that survey data show older people — that is, my age — report themselves happier than do younger ones.But perhaps you don’t want to wait.cVC大学生英语网

我认为你们之所以担忧有第二个原因——和第一个有关系但不是完全一样。你们希望过得幸福。你们蜂拥着去修“积极心理学”这门课——课程代号“心1504”——和“幸福的科学”这门课，不就是为了听点人生“小贴士”？可是，我们怎样才能获得幸福？在这儿，我可以提供一个启发性的答案：变老。调查数据显示年长的人——也就是我这把年纪的人——觉得自己比年轻人更幸福。不过，很可能你们没有人愿意去等着去看这个答案。cVC大学生英语网

I have listened to you talk about the choices ahead of you, I have heard you articulate your worries about the relationship of success and happiness — perhaps, more accurately, how to define success so that it yields and encompasses real happiness, not just money and prestige.The most remunerative choice, you fear, may not be the most meaningful and the most satisfying.But you wonder how you would ever survive as an artist or an actor or a public servant or a high school teacher? How would you ever figure out a path by which to make your way in journalism? Would you ever find a job as an English professor after you finished who knows how many years of graduate school and dissertation writing?cVC大学生英语网

在聊天时我听过你们谈到你们目前所面临的选择，我听到你们一字一句地说出你们对于成功与幸福的关系的忧虑——也许，更精确地讲，怎样去定义成功才能使它具有或包含真正的幸福，而不仅仅是金钱和荣誉。你们害怕，报酬最丰厚的选择，也许不是最有价值的和最令人满意的选择。但是你们也担心，如果作为一个艺术家或是一个演员，一个人民公仆或是一个中学老师，该如何才能生存下去？然而，你们可曾想过，如果你的梦想是新闻业，怎样才能想出一条通往梦想的道路呢？难道你会在读了不知多少年研，写了不知多少毕业论文终于毕业后，找一个英语教授的工作？cVC大学生英语网

cVC大学生英语网

The answer is: you won’t know till you try.But if you don’t try to do what you love — whether it is painting or biology or finance;if you don’t pursue what you think will be most meaningful, you will regret it.Life is long.There is always time for Plan B.But don’t begin with it.cVC大学生英语网

答案是：你不试试就永远都不会知道。但如果你不试着去做自己热爱的事情，不管是玩泥巴还是生物还是金融，如果连你自己都不去追求你认为最有价值的事，你终将后悔。人生路漫漫，你总有时间去给自己留“后路”，但可别一开始就走“后路”。

I think of this as my parking space theory of career choice, and I have been sharing it with students for decades.Don’t park 20 blocks from your destination because you think you’ll never find a space.Go where you want to be and then circle back to where you have to be.cVC大学生英语网

我把这叫做我的关于职业选择的“泊车”理论，几十年来我一直都在向学生们“兜售”我的这个理论。不要因为怕到了目的地找不到停车位而把车停在距离目的地20个路口的地方。直接到达你想去的地方，哪怕再绕回来停，你暂时停的地方只是你被迫停的地方。cVC大学生英语网

cVC大学生英语网

You may love investment banking or finance or consulting.It might be just right for you.Or, you might be like the senior I met at lunch at Kirkland who had just returned from an interview on the West Coast with a prestigious consulting firm.“Why am I doing this?” she asked.“I hate flying, I hate hotels, I won’t like this job.” Find work you love.It is hard to be happy if you spend more than half your waking hours doing something you don’t.cVC大学生英语网

你也许喜欢做投行，或是做金融抑或做理财咨询。都可能是适合你的。那也许真的就是适合你的。或许你也会像我在Kirkland House见到的那个大四学生一样，她刚从美国西海岸一家著名理财咨询公司的面试回来。“我为什么要做这个？”她说，“我讨厌坐飞机，我讨厌住宾馆，我是不会喜欢这份工作的。”找到你热爱的工作。如果你把你一天中醒着的一大半时间用来做你不喜欢的事情，你是很难感到幸福的。cVC大学生英语网

But what is ultimately most important here is that you are asking the question —cVC大学生英语网

not just of me but of yourselves.You are choosing roads and at the same time challenging your own choices.You have a notion of what you want your life to be and you are not sure the road you are taking is going to get you there.This is the best news.And it is also, I hope, to some degree, our fault.Noticing your life, reflecting upon it, considering how you can live it well, wondering how you can do good: These are perhaps the most valuable things that a liberal arts education has equipped you to do.A liberal education demands that you live self-consciously.It prepares you to seek and define the meaning inherent in all you do.It has made you an analyst and critic of yourself, a person in this way supremely equipped to take charge of your life and how it unfolds.It is in this sense that the liberal arts are liberal — as in liberare — to free.They empower you with the possibility of exercising agency, of discovering meaning, of making choices.The surest way to have a meaningful, happy life is to commit yourself to striving for it.Don’t settle.Be prepared to change routes.Remember the impossible expectations we have of you, and even as you recognize they are impossible, remember how important they are as a lodestar guiding you toward something that matters to you and to the world.The meaning of your life is for you to make.cVC大学生英语网

但是我在这儿说的最重要的是：你们在问那些问题——不仅是问我，而是在问你们自己。你们正在选择人生的道路，同时也在对自己的选择提出质疑。你们知道自己想过什么样的生活，也知道你们将行的道路不一定会把你们带到想去的地方。这样其实很好。某种程度上，我倒希望这是我们的错。我们一直在标榜人生，像镜子一样照出未来你们的模样，思考你们怎么可以过得幸福，探索你们怎样才能去做些对社会有价值的事：这些也许是文科教育可以给你们“装备”的最有价值的东西。文科教育要求你们要活得“明白”。它使你探索和定义你做的每件事情背后的价值。它让你成为一个经常分析和反省自己的人。而这样的人完全能够掌控自己的人生或未来。从这个道理上讲，文科——照它的字面意思——才使你们自由。（英语里文科是Liberal Art，照字面解释是自由的艺术）学文科可以让你有机会去进行理论的实践，去发现你所做的选择的价值。想过上有价值的，幸福的生活，最可靠的途径就是为了你的目标去奋斗。不要安于现状得过且过。随时准备着改变人生的道路。记住我们对你们的我觉得是“过于崇高”的期待，可能你们自己也承认那些期待是有点“太高了”。不过如果想做些对于你们自己或是这个世界有点价值的事情，记住它们，它们将会像北斗一样指引着你们。你们人生的价值将由你们去实现！cVC大学生英语网

I can’t wait to see how you all turn out.Do come back, from time to time, and let us know.cVC大学生英语网

大学英文毕业演讲第3篇

评价理论是系统功能语言学在对人际意义的研究基础上发展起来的。马丁指出作者和说话者的态度和立场可以通过评价理论进行分析。马丁等人提出了评价系统。评价系统指的就是用来协商情感, 判断和鉴赏的, 主要以对词汇的分析为主。本文将从评价资源的核心部分即态度资源角度揭示态度资源中的情感、判断、鉴赏是如何分布于何江在哈佛大学毕业典礼的演讲中的, 又是如何实现人际意义的, 进而既表达了演讲者积极向上的态度, 又达到影响听众的目的。

二、评价理论

在功能语言学中, 语言有三大功能:概念功能、语篇功能、人际功能。语气和情态可以用来揭示人际关系的亲疏, 但是却不能用来阐明说话者对事物的评价, 暴露了局限性, Martin发现这一局限性, 并且在20世纪90年代, 提出了评价理论;它源自于系统功能语法中人际意义研究。

三、何江演讲态度系统分析

1、情感系统

评价理论将情感系统分为快乐感, 安全感, 满意感。第一, 快乐感包括快乐和忧伤, 存在一些典型的词汇:“兴奋、开心、压抑、难过等”, 都是可以直接用来表达评价者的感情反应的。例如:

1) 蜘蛛咬伤的事已经过去十五年了。我非常高兴地向在座的各位报告一下, 我的手还是好的。

2) 于是我忍不住会问自己, 为什么我在当时没有能够享用到这些更为先进的治疗方法呢?

例1是何江回忆十五年前的咬伤, 虽然很痛苦, 但是很乐观, 这种积极情绪的表达在不知不觉中已经拉近了与听众的距离。例2虽然是一种消极性的表达, 但事实上表达的缺是对现在技术的肯定。第二, 安全感包括自信与不安。例如“紧张、自信、忧虑等”。

3) 作为哈佛大学的生物化学的博士, 我现在知道在我在初中那个时候, 已经有更好的, 没有那么痛苦的, 也没有那么有风险的治疗方法了。

4) 这些年来一直停在我的脑海中, 而我也时不时的会因为先进科技知识在世界上不同地区的不平等分布而困扰。例3何江说出了自己的身份--博士生, 展现出了自信的一面, 作为哈佛大学一份子的骄傲。例4是何江为出现科技知识分布不平等而担忧, 表现出了不安。第三, 满意感指的是一个人在得到满足后在心理上所反应出的特征, 包括厌倦和兴趣, 如“满意、骄傲和失望等”。

5) 每年生物医学的研究都会给我们带来不一样突破和进步——其中有不少是令人振奋的, 也极具革命颠覆性的成果。

6) 在我出生的时候, 我的村子里没有汽车, 没有电话, 没有电, 甚至都没有自来水。我们自然不能轻易地获得先进的现代医疗资源。那个时候也没有一个合适的医生可以来帮我处理蜘蛛咬伤的伤口。例5表达了对现在生物医学的演究发展的满意, 进而向听众传达积极的影响, 告诉大家现在医学的发达, 感染大家积极乐观的面对生活中出现的疾病;例6讲述了小时候艰苦的生活, 使用消极的表达却激励听众要珍惜现在的美好的生活。

2、判断系统

判断系统是说话人按照一定的道德标准和社会标准对一个人的行为、能力所做的积极的或消极的评价。该系统可分为社会评判、社会约束。从社会评判的角度来分析, 考察被评价者的行为是否规范, 有才干, 坚韧;从社会约束的角度来分析, 考察被评价者的行为是否真实可靠, 妥当。对何江演讲的态度系统分析如下:

1) 因为利用那些我们已拥有的科技知识, 我们便能够轻而易举地帮助我的家乡。

例7中运用了“能够”这一表达能力的词汇, 其后面加上程度副词“轻而易举地”, 更是对能力进行了肯定。在例7中, 作者首先表达了对现已拥有的科技知识表示肯定, 进而也肯定了人类的能力, 有科技知识的帮助, 加之人类的努力, 家乡一定会越来越好。

2) 乡村的土医疗方法对这样一个疾病也是束手无策的。农民对于普通感冒和流感的区别并不是很清楚, 他们并不懂得流感比普通感冒可能会更加致命。例8中连续用了“束手无策”、“不是很清楚”、“不懂得”三个词汇, 表达了乡村医疗的局限性和农民对疾病的认知上存在的问题。虽然所使用的词汇带有消极意义, 但是最终所表达的思想却是对人类的鼓励, 希望生活在乡村的人们能够认识到现代科技的发达, 遇到疾病不要害怕, 要相信科学技术。

3、鉴赏系统

鉴赏系统主要是用来对文本、行为和自然现象进行评价, 从美学的角度分析, 用审美价值观念和社会价值评价事物、人的行为等。该系统由三个方面组成, 人们对事物的反应和事物本身的构成还有对事物价值的评价。

在我意识到这些知识背景以后, 及简单的将受感染的不同物种隔离开来以减缓疾病传播, 并决定将这些知识传递到我的村庄时, 我的心里便第一次有了一种作为未来科学家的使命感。例9中提到演讲者要将所学知识传递到村庄, 进而造福于百姓, 体现了一个人的价值, 作为一个村子的一员, 国家的一员, 社会的一员, 每个人都要有自己的责任和使命, 并且要尽自己最大的能力去实现自身的价值。

四、结语

通过对何江在哈佛大学毕业典礼上演讲的分析, 演讲者何江运用了不同的态度资源表达了自己的立场和观点, 进而实现了以态度资源感染、激励、鼓舞听众的目的。本文从评价理论的态度系统的角度来分析何江的演讲, 主要运用以词汇为主的评价性手段, 此演讲运用了丰富的情感性词汇来表达演讲者的态度, 影响听众的态度和行为, 进而达到实现人际意义的目的。

参考文献

[1]Martin, J.R &White, P.R.R. The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English.Hampshire:Palgrave Mac Millan, 2005.

[2]丁晓明.大学毕业典礼演讲的评价分析——以哈佛大学毕业典礼演讲为例[D].长春理工大学硕士学位论文, 2013.

[3]冯娜娜, 王娜.系统功能语言学的评价系统理论及其应用[M].西安外国语大学, 研究生部, 2010.

[4]韩璐.奥巴马2014年国情咨文演讲的评价理论分析[D].北华大学硕士学位论文, 2015.

[5]吴娟.浅谈批评话语分析与积极话语分析[M].电子科技大学外国语学院, 2012.

大学英文毕业演讲第4篇

谷歌的故事,举世瞩目。创始人的生活也为人津津乐道。今年5月,拉里·佩奇获邀在母校密歇根大学的毕业典礼上发表演讲。虽然已是成功典范,但拉里并没有夸夸其谈,他用诚挚的语言讲述自己家庭背景和人生经历,告诉大家人生中最宝贵的两样东西—梦想和亲友。

Class of 2009! First I’d like you to stand up, and wave and cheer your supportive family and friends! I’m sure you can find them out there. Show your love!

A long time ago, in this cold September of 1962, there was a Steven’s 1)co-op at this very university. That co-op had a kitchen with a ceiling that had been cleaned by student volunteers probably every decade or so. Picture a college girl named Gloria, climbing up high on a ladder, struggling to clean that 2)filthy ceiling. Standing on the floor, a young 3)boarder named Carl was admiring the view. And that’s how they met. They were my parents, so I suppose you could say I’m a direct result of that kitchen chemistry experiment, right here at Michigan.

Everyone in my family went here to Michigan: my brother, my Mom, my Dad—all of us. My father’s father worked in the Chevy plant in Flint, Michigan. He was an assembly line worker. He drove his two children here to Ann Arbor, and told them: That is where you’re going to college. I know it sounds funny now. Both of his kids actually did graduate from Michigan. That was the American dream.

What I’m trying to tell you, this is WAY more than a homecoming for me. I have a story about following dreams. Or maybe more accurately, it’s a story about finding a path to make those dreams real.

You know what it’s like to wake up in the middle of the night with a vivid dream? And you know how, if you don’t have a pencil and 4)pad by the bed, it will be completely gone by the next morning?

Well, I had one of those dreams when I was 23. When I suddenly woke up, I was thinking: What if we could download the whole web, and just keep the links? And I grabbed a pen and started writing! Sometimes it’s important to wake up and stop dreaming. I spent the middle of that night 5)scribbling out the details and convincing myself it would work. Soon after, I told my advisor, Terry Winograd, it would take a couple of weeks for me to download the web—he nodded knowingly, fully aware it would take much longer but wise enough not to tell me. The 6)optimism of youth is often underrated! Amazingly, at that time, I have no thoughts building a search engine. The idea wasn’t even on the radar. But, much later we happened upon a better way of ranking and we made a really great search engine, and Google was born. When a really great dream shows up, grab it!

When I was here at Michigan, I had actually been taught how to make dreams real! I know it sounds funny, but that is what I learned in a summer camp 7)converted into a training program called Leadershape. Their slogan is to have a “healthy disregard for the impossible”. That program encouraged me to pursue a crazy idea at the time: I wanted to build a personal rapid transit system on campus to replace the buses. I still think a lot about transportation—you never loose a dream, it just

8)incubates as a hobby. Many things people labor hard to do now, like cooking, cleaning, and driving will require much less human time in the future. That is, if we “have a healthy disregard for the impossible” and actually build the solutions.

I think it is often easier to make progress on mega-ambitious dreams. I know that sounds completely nuts. But, since no one else is crazy enough to do it, you’ll have little competition. The best people want to work on the big challenges. That is what happened with Google. Our mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally 9)accessible and useful. How can that not get you excited? But we almost didn’t start Google, actually, because my co-founder Sergey and I were too worried about dropping out of the Ph.D. program. You are probably on the right track if you feel like a sidewalk worm during a rainstorm! That is about how we felt after we maxed out three credit cards buying hard disks off the back of a truck. That was actually the first hardware for Google. Parents and friends: more credit cards always help. What is the one sentence summary of how you change the world? Always work hard on something uncomfortably exciting!

As a Ph.D. student, I actually had three projects I wanted to work on. Thank goodness my advisor said, “Why don’t you work on the web for a while?” Technology and especially the Internet can really help you be lazy. Lazy? What I mean is a group of three people can write software that then millions can use and enjoy. Can three people answer the phone a million times? Find the

10)leverage in the world, so you can be truly lazy!

Overall, I know it seems like the world is

11)crumbling out there, but it is actually a great time in your life to get a little crazy, follow your curiosity, and be ambitious about it. Don’t give up on your dream. The world needs you all!

So here’s my final story:

On a day like today, you might feel 12)exhilarated—like you’ve just been shot out of a cannon at the circus—and even invincible. Don’t ever forget that incredible feeling. But also: always remember that the moments we have with friends and family, the chances we have to do things that might make a big difference in the world, or even to make a small difference to the ones we love—all those wonderful chances that life gives us, life also takes away. It can happen fast, and a whole lot sooner than you think.

In late March 1996, soon after I had moved to Stanford for grad school, my Dad had difficulty breathing and drove to the hospital. Two months later, he died. I was completely 13)devastated. Many years later, after a startup, after falling in love, and after so many of life’s adventures, I found myself thinking about my Dad.

If my Dad were alive today, the thing I think he would be most happy about is that Lucy and I have a baby 14)in the hopper. If he were here today, well, it would be one of the best days of his life.

Many of us are fortunate enough to be here with family. Some of us have dear friends and family to go home to. Please keep them close and remember: They are what really matters in life.

Thanks, Mom; Thanks, Lucy.

And thank you, all, very much.

2009届的同学们,首先我希望大家都站起来,向支持你们的亲朋好友挥手致意!我相信你们都能在人群中找到他们,把你们的爱表现出来吧!

很久以前,1962年的寒冷9月,这座校园里有一家史蒂文消费合作社。此合作社有一间厨房,那里的天花板由学生志愿者打扫,大概每十来年才一次吧。想象一下,画面上有位名叫格洛里亚的女大学生,爬上了高高的梯子,努力地打扫那脏兮兮的天花板。一位名叫卡尔的寄宿生站在地上,为该情景钦佩不已。这就是他俩的初次邂逅。他俩就是我的父母亲。所以我想你们会说,我就是这里——密歇根大学那个“厨房化学实验”的直接成果。

我们家的所有成员都毕业于密歇根大学:我哥哥、我妈妈和爸爸——我们全家。我的祖父在密歇根州弗林特的雪佛兰汽车工厂工作,他是装配线上的一名工人。他曾开车把两个孩子送到安娜堡这儿,并告诉他们:这是你们今后要上的大学。我知道现在听起来很好笑。他的两个孩子也的确从密歇根大学毕业。这就是“美国梦”。

我想告诉大家的是,来这儿对我的意义绝对不仅仅是重回旧地。我有个关于追寻梦想的故事,或者更确切地说,这是一个找到梦想成真之路的故事。

你们知道,午夜从一个逼真的梦境中醒来是什么感觉吗?你们知道如果床边没有纸笔,而第二天一早就忘个精光又会怎样吗?

喔,我23岁的时候,就做过一个那样的梦。我猛然惊醒,想着:如果我们能把整个网络下载下来,但仅保存链接会怎样?然后我抓起一支笔写了起来。有时候别做梦,及时醒来是非常重要的。我花了一个午夜描画出细节,并确信那是可以做得到的。不久后,我告诉我的导师特里·温诺格拉德,那要花几周时间来下载整个网络——他只是会意地点点头,他完全知道要花的时间其实长得多,但他很睿智,并没有告诉我。年轻人的乐观精神通常不可低估!令人惊讶的是,我当时没有想过要造一个搜索引擎。这一概念甚至没有进入我脑海。但很久以后,我们突然找到更好排列网页的方法,并造出一个非常好的搜索引擎——谷歌就这样诞生了。当伟大的梦想闪现时,抓住它吧!

我在密歇根大学上学时,其实就学过如何实现梦想。我知道这听起来很可笑,但那是我从一个由夏令营转化而来的名为“塑造领袖”的培训项目中学到的。该项目的口号就是“理性地藐视不可能”。那个项目激励着我追寻那时一个疯狂的想法:我想在校园内建立一套个人快速交通系统以代替公交。我直到现在还在思考很多有关交通的问题—你永不要放走梦想,而要把它当作一种习惯去培育。现在人们花很大力气干的很多事情,如做饭、清洁、驾驶,以后只会占用人们更少的时间。也就是说,如果我们“理性地藐视不可能”,并确实找到新的解决方案的话。

我认为,通常追寻雄心万丈的梦想更容易些。我知道这听起来完全是一派胡言。不过,既然没有别的人疯狂到会做这件事情,你就没有竞争对手了。优秀的人爱接受大挑战。这就是在谷歌发生的事情。我们的目标就是组合全球的信息,使其随手可得,随处可用。那怎么能不让大家兴奋呢?但是我们那时几乎启动不成谷歌,因为我和联合创始人谢尔盖都太担心拿不到博士学位。要是你觉得自己是暴风雨下人行道上的一条蚯蚓,那很可能你就真的走对路了。那就是我们刷爆了三张信用卡,从一辆货车的车尾买来硬盘后的感觉。那就是谷歌最早的硬件设备。家长和朋友们:多点信用卡总是有用的。如何用一句话总结你该如何改变世界?那就是在那些让人极度兴奋的事情上发奋努力。

当我在读博士的时候,其实我有三个项目是想做的。谢天谢地,我的导师对我说,“为什么你不先做一会网络的事呢?”科技,尤其是因特网真的能让人变懒。变懒?我的意思是一个三人的小组可以写出让数百万人喜爱使用的软件程序。但三个人可以接上百万次电话吗?找到撬起地球的杠杆,你就能真的懒起来。

总而言之,我知道这个世界看起来分崩离析,但这确是你们人生中一个伟大的时代,你们可以疯狂一点,追随自己的好奇心,雄心勃勃地实现它。不要放弃你们的梦想。世界需要你们所有人。

以下是我要说的最后一个故事:

就像今天的某一日,你们可能感到欣喜若狂,就像你刚从马戏团的大炮口被射了出来——甚至更加所向无敌。绝不要忘了那种难以名状的美妙感觉,但同时,也要永远记住和亲朋好友相聚的时刻,记住我们得做些可能会为世界带来巨变的事情的机会,或者只是为你所爱的人带来小变化的机会——所有生活给予我们美好机会,也能将它们带走。世事瞬息万变,比你设想的要快得多。

1996年3月下旬,就在我到斯坦福上研究生院不久,我爸爸呼吸出现困难,被送到医院。两个月后,他去世了。我当时几近崩溃了。许多年以后,在我重新振作后,在我谈恋爱后,在我体验了如此多的人生经历后,我发现自己总是想起我的爸爸。

如果我爸爸能活到今天,我想他最开心的莫过于看到露西和我即将拥有自己的孩子。如果他今天也能来到这里,噢,那将会是他人生中最美好的日子

之一。

我们中很多人都很幸运,能够在这里和家人们一起。我们中的一些还可以和亲友家人一起回家。请和他们保持亲密,并且记住:他们才是生命中真正至关重要的。

感谢妈妈,感谢露西。

大学英文毕业演讲第5篇

稿

thisisthetextofthecommencementaddressbystevejobs,ceoofapplecomputerandofpixaranimationstudios,deliveredonjune12,XX.iamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.inevergraduatedfromcollege.truthbetold,inevergraduatedfromcollege.thisistheclosesti’veevergottentoacollegegraduation.todayiwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.that’sit.nobigdeal.justthreestories.斯坦福是世界上最好的大学之一，今天能参加各位的毕业典礼，我备感荣幸。(尖叫声)我从来没有从大学毕业，说句实话，此时算是我离大学毕业最近的一刻。(笑声)今天，我想告诉你们我生命中的三个故事，并非什么了不得的大事件，只是三个小故事而已。

thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.第一个故事关于串起生命中的点点滴滴

idroppedoutofreedcollegeafterthefirst6months,butthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanother18monthsorsobeforeireallyquit.sowhydididropout? 退学是我这一生所做出的最正确的决定之一。我在里德大学待了6个月就退学了，但之后仍作为旁听生混了18个月后才最终离开。我为什么要退学呢?

itstartedbeforeiwasborn.mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,unwedcollegegraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.shefeltverystronglythatishouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife.exceptthatwhenipoppedouttheydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking:”wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim?”theysaid:”ofcourse.”mybiologicalmotherlaterfoundoutthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfromcollegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.sheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthatiwouldsomedaygotocollege.故事要从我出生之前开始说起。我的生母是一名年轻的未婚妈妈，当时她还是一所大学的在读研究生，于是决定把我送给其他人收养。她坚持我应该被一对念过大学的夫妇收养，所以在我出生的时候，她已经为我被一个律师和他的太太收养做好了所有的准备。但在最后一刻，这对夫妇改了主意，决定收养一个女孩。候选名单上的另外一对夫妇，也就是我的养父母，在一天午夜接到了一通电话、“有一个不请自来的男婴，你们想收养吗?”他们回答、“当然想。”事后，我的生母才发现我的养母根本就没有从大学毕业，而我的养父甚至连高中都没有毕业，所以她拒绝签署最后的收养文件，直到几个月后，我的养父母保证会把我送到大学，她的态度才有所转变。

and17yearslaterididgotocollege.butinaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasstanford,andallofmyworking-classparents’savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition

.aftersixmonths,icouldn’tseethevalueinit.ihadnoideawhatiwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.andhereiwasspendingallofthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.soidecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutok.itwasprettyscaryatthetime,butlookingbackitwasoneofthebestdecisionsievermade.theminuteidroppedouticouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn’tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting.17年之后，我真上了大学。但因为年幼无知，我选择了一所和斯坦福一样昂贵的大学，(笑声)我的父母都是工人阶级，他们倾其所有资助我的学业。在6个月之后，我发现自己完全不知道这样念下去究竟有什么用。当时，我的人生漫无目标，也不知道大学对我能起到什么帮助，为了念书，还花光了父母毕生的积蓄，所以我决定退学。我相信车到山前必有路。当时作这个决定的时候非常害怕，但现在回头去看，这是我这一生所做出的最正确的决定之一。(笑声)从我退学那一刻起，我就再也不用去上那些我毫无兴趣的必修课了，我开始旁听那些看来比较有意思的科目。

itwasn’tallromantic.ididn’thaveadormroom,soisleptonthefloorinfriends’rooms,ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5cent;depositstobuyfoodwith,andiwouldwalkthe7milesacrosstowneverysundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheharekrishnatemple.ilovedit.andmuchofwhatistumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityandintuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.letmegiveyouoneexample:

reedcollegeatthattimeofferedperhapsthebestcalligraphyinstructioninthecountry.throughoutthecampuseveryposter,everylabeloneverydrawer,wasbeautifullyhandcalligrap

hed.becauseihaddroppedoutanddidn’thavetotakethenormalclasses,idecidedtotakeacalligraphyclasstolearnhowtodothis.ilearnedaboutserifandsanseriftypefaces,aboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,aboutwhatmakesgreattypographygreat.itwasbeautiful,historical,artisticallysubtleinawaythatsciencecan’tcapture,andifounditfascinating.这件事情做起来一点都不浪漫。因为没有自己的宿舍，我只能睡在朋友房间的地板上;可乐瓶的押金是5分钱，我把瓶子还回去好用押金买吃的;在每个周日的晚上，我都会步行7英里穿越市区，到harekrishna教堂吃一顿大餐，我喜欢那儿的食物。我跟随好奇心和直觉所做的事情，事后证明大多数都是极其珍贵的经验。我举一个例子、那个时候，里德大学提供了全美国最好的书法教育。整个校园的每一张海报，每一个抽屉上的标签，都是漂亮的手写体。由于已经退学，不用再去上那些常规的课程，于是我选择了一个书法班，想学学怎么写出一手漂亮字。在这个班上，我学习了各种字体，如何改变不同字体组合之间的字间距，以及如何做出漂亮的版式。那是一种科学永远无法捕捉的充满美感、历史感和艺术感的微妙，我发现这太有意思了。

noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.buttenyearslater,whenweweredesigningthefirstmacintoshcomputer,itallcamebacktome.andwedesigneditallintothemac.itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.ifihadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,themacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts.andsincewindowsjustcopiedthemac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.ifihadneverdroppedout,iwouldhaveneverdroppedinonthiscalligraphyclass,andpersonalcomputersmightnothavethewonderfultypographythat

theydo.ofcourseitwasimpossibletoconnectthedotslookingforwardwheniwasincollege.butitwasvery,veryclearlookingbackwardstenyearslater.当时，我压根儿没想到这些知识会在我的生命中有什么实际运用价值;但是10年之后，当我们设计第一款macintosh电脑的时候，这些东西全派上了用场。我把它们全部设计进了mac，这是第一台可以排出好看版式的电脑。如果当时我大学里没有旁听这门课程的话，mac就不会提供各种字体和等间距字体。自从windows系统抄袭了mac以后，(鼓掌大笑)所有的个人电脑都有了这些东西。如果我没有退学，我就不会去书法班旁听，而今天的个人电脑大概也就不会有出色的版式功能。当然我在念大学的那会儿，不可能有先见之明，把那些生命中的点点滴滴都串起来;但10年之后再回头看，生命的轨迹变得非常清楚。

again,youcan’tconnectthedotslookingforward;youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.youhavetotrustinsomething—yourgut,destiny,life,karma,whatever.thisapproachhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.再强调一次，你不可能充满预见地将生命的点滴串联起来;只有在你回头看的时候，你才会发现这些点点滴滴之间的联系。所以，你要坚信，你现在所经历的将在你未来的生命中串联起来。你不得不相信某些东西，你的直觉、命运、生活、因缘际会……正是这种信仰让我不会失去希望，它让我的人生变得与众不同。

mysecondstoryisaboutloveandloss.第二个故事关于爱与失去 iwaslucky—ifoundwhatilovedtodoearlyinlife.wozandistartedapplein

myparentsgaragewheniwas20.weworkedhard,andin10yearsapplehadgrownfromjustthetwoofusinagarageintoa$2billioncompanywithover4000employees.wehadjustreleasedourfinestcreation—themacintosh—ayearearlier,andihadjustturned30.andthenigotfired.howcanyougetfiredfromacompanyyoustarted?well,asapplegrewwehiredsomeonewhoithoughtwasverytalentedtorunthecompanywithme,andforthefirstyearorsothingswentwell.butthenourvisionsofthefuturebegantodivergeandeventuallywehadafallingout.whenwedid,ourboardofdirectorssidedwithhim.soat30iwasout.andverypubliclyout.whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.被苹果开掉是我这一生所经历过的最棒的事情。

我是幸运的，在年轻的时候就知道了自己爱做什么。在我20岁的时候，就和沃兹在我父母的车库里开创了苹果电脑公司。我们勤奋工作，只用了10年的时间，苹果电脑就从车库里的两个小伙子扩展成拥有4000名员工，价值达到20亿美元的企业。而在此之前的一年，我们刚推出了我们最好的产品macintosh电脑，当时我刚过而立之年。然后，我就被炒了鱿鱼。一个人怎么可以被他所创立的公司解雇呢?(笑声)这么说吧，随着苹果的成长，我们请了一个原本以为很能干的家伙和我一起管理这家公司，在头一年左右，他干得还不错，但后来，我们对公司未来的前景出现了分歧，于是我们之间出现了矛盾。由于公司的董事会站在他那一边，所以在我30岁的时候，就被踢出了局。我失去了一直贯穿在我整个成年生活的重心，打击是毁灭性的。

ireallydidn’tknowwhattodoforafewmonths.ifeltthatihadletthepreviousgenerationofentrepreneursdown-thatihaddroppedthebatonasitwasbeingpassedtome.imetwithdavidpackardandbobnoyceandtriedtoapologizeforscrewin

gupsobadly.iwasaverypublicfailure,andieventhoughtaboutrunningawayfromthevalley.butsomethingslowlybegantodawnonme—istilllovedwhatidid.theturnofeventsatapplehadnotchangedthatonebit.ihadbeenrejected,butiwasstillinlove.andsoidecidedtostartover.在头几个月，我真不知道要做些什么。我觉得我让企业界的前辈们失望了，我失去了传到我手上的指挥棒。我遇到了戴维.帕卡德(普惠的创办人之一)和鲍勃.诺伊斯(英特尔的创办人之一)，我向他们道歉，因为我把事情搞砸了。我成了人人皆知的失败者，我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但曙光渐渐出现，我还是喜欢我做过的事情。在苹果电脑发生的一切丝毫没有改变我，一个比特都没有。虽然被抛弃了，但我的热忱不改。我决定重新开始。

ididn’tseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromapplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.duringthenextfiveyears,istartedacompanynamednext,anothercompanynamedpixar,andfellinlovewithanamazingwomanwhowouldbecomemywife.pixarwentontocreatetheworldsfirstcomputeranimatedfeaturefilm,toystory,andisnowthemostsuccessfulanimationstudiointheworld.inaremarkableturnofevents,appleboughtnext,ireturnedtoapple,andthetechnologywedevelopedatnextisattheheartofapple’scurrentrenaissance.andlaureneandihaveawonderfulfamilytogether.我当时没有看出来，但事实证明，我被苹果开掉是我这一生所经历过的最棒的事情。成功的沉重被凤凰涅槃的轻盈

所代替，每件事情都不再那么确定，我以自由之躯进入了我整个生命当中最有创意的时期。

在接下来的5年里，我开创了一家叫做next的公司，接着是一家名叫pixar的公司，并且结识了后来成为我妻子的曼妙女郎。pixar制作了世界上第一部全电脑动画电影《玩具总动员》，现在这家公司是世界上最成功的动画制作公司之一。(掌声)后来经历一系列的事件，苹果买下了next，于是我又回到了苹果，我们在next研发出的技术成为推动苹果复兴的核心动力。我和劳伦斯也拥有了美满的家庭。

i’mprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifihadn’tbeenfiredfromapple.itwasawfultastingmedicine,butiguessthepatientneededit.sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.don’tlosefaith.i’mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatilovedwhatidid.you’vegottofindwhatyoulove.andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.don’tsettle.aswithallmattersoftheheart,you’llknowwhenyoufindit.and,likeanygreatrelationship,itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.sokeeplookinguntilyoufindit.don’tsettle.我非常肯定，如果没有被苹果炒掉，这一切都不可能在我身上发生。

生活有时候就像一块板砖拍向你的脑袋，但不要丧失信心。热爱我所从事的工作，是一直支持我不断前进的惟一理由。你得找出你的最爱，对工作如此，对爱人亦是如此。工作将占据你生命中相当大的一部分，从事你认为具有非凡意

义的工作，方能给你带来真正的满足感。而从事一份伟大工作的惟一方法，就是去热爱这份工作。如果你到现在还没有找到这样一份工作，那么就继续找。不要安于现状，当万事了于心的时候，你就会知道何时能找到。如同任何伟大的浪漫关系一样，伟大的工作只会在岁月的酝酿中越陈越香。所以，在你终有所获之前，不要停下你寻觅的脚步。不要停下。

mythirdstoryisaboutdeath.第三个故事关于死亡

wheniwas17,ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike:”ifyouliveeachdayasifitwasyourlast,somedayyou’llmostcertainlyberight.”itmadeanimpressiononme,andsincethen,forthepast33years,ihavelookedinthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself:”iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife,wouldiwanttodowhatiamabouttodotoday?”andwhenevertheanswerhasbeen”no”fortoomanydaysinarow,iknowineedtochangesomething.在17岁的时候，我读过一句格言，好像是、“如果你把每一天都当成你生命里的最后一天，你将在某一天发现原来一切皆在掌握之中。”(笑声)这句话从我读到之日起，就对我产生了深远的影响。在过去的33年里，我每天早晨都对着镜子问自己、“如果今天是我生命中的末日，我还愿意做我今天本来应该做的事情吗?”当一连好多天答案都否定的时候，我就知道做出改变的时候到了。

rememberingthati’llbedeadsoonisthemostimportanttooli’veeverencounteredtohelpmemakethebigchoicesinlife.becausealmosteverything—allexternalexpectations,allpride,allfearofembarrassmentorfailure-

thesethingsjustfallawayinthefaceofdeath,leavingonlywhatistrulyimportant.rememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayiknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.youarealreadynaked.thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.提醒自己行将入土是我在面临人生中的重大抉择时，最为重要的工具。

因为所有的事情——外界的期望、所有的尊荣、对尴尬和失败的惧怕——在面对死亡的时候，都将烟消云散，只留下真正重要的东西。在我所知道的各种方法中，提醒自己即将死去是避免掉入畏惧失去这个陷阱的最好办法。人赤条条地来，赤条条地走，没有理由不听从你内心的呼唤。

aboutayearagoiwasdiagnosedwithcancer.ihadascanat7:30inthemorning,anditclearlyshowedatumoronmypancreas.ididn’tevenknowwhatapancreaswas.thedoctorstoldmethiswasalmostcertainlyatypeofcancerthatisincurable,andthatishouldexpecttolivenolongerthanthreetosixmonths.mydoctoradvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairsinorder,whichisdoctor’scodeforpreparetodie.itmeanstotrytotellyourkidseverythingyouthoughtyou’dhavethenext10yearstotelltheminjustafewmonths.itmeanstomakesureeverythingisbuttonedupsothatitwillbeaseasyaspossibleforyourfamily.itmeanstosayyourgoodbyes.大约一年前，我被诊断出癌症。在早晨7、30我做了一个检查，扫描结果清楚地显示我的胰脏出现了一个肿瘤。我当时甚至不知道胰脏究竟是什么。医生告诉我，几乎可以确定这是一种不治之症，顶多还能活3至6个月。大夫建议我回家，把诸事安排妥当，这是医生对临终病人的标准用语。这意味着你得把你今后10年要对你的子女说的话用几个月的

时间说完;这意味着你得把一切都安排妥当，尽可能减少你的家人在你身后的负担;这意味着向众人告别的时间到了。

ilivedwiththatdiagnosisallday.laterthateveningihadabiopsy,wheretheystuckanendoscopedownmythroat,throughmystomachandintomyintestines,putaneedleintomypancreasandgotafewcellsfromthetumor.iwassedated,butmywife,whowasthere,toldmethatwhentheyviewedthecellsunderamicroscopethedoctorsstartedcryingbecauseitturnedouttobeaveryrareformofpancreaticcancerthatiscurablewithsurgery.ihadthesurgeryandi’mfinenow.我整天都想着诊断结果。那天晚上做了一个切片检查，医生把一个内窥镜从我的喉管伸进去，穿过我的胃进入肠道，将探针伸进胰脏，从肿瘤上取出了几个细胞。我打了镇静剂，但我的太太当时在场，她后来告诉我说，当大夫们从显微镜下观察了细胞组织之后，都哭了起来，因为那是非常罕见的，可以通过手术治疗的胰脏癌。我接受了手术，现在已经康复了。

thiswastheclosesti’vebeentofacingdeath,andihopeitstheclosestigetforafewmoredecades.havinglivedthroughit,icannowsaythistoyouwithabitmorecertaintythanwhendeathwasausefulbutpurelyintellectualconcept:

noonewantstodie.evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon’twanttodietogetthere.andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.noonehaseverescapedit.andthatisasitshouldbe,becausedeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionoflife.itislife’schangeagent.itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.rightnowthenewisyou,butsomedaynottoolongfromnow,youwi

llgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.sorrytobesodramatic,butitisquitetrue.这是我最接近死亡的一次，我希望在随后的几十年里，都不要有比这一次更接近死亡的经历。在经历了这次与死神擦肩而过的经验之后，死亡对我来说只是一项有效的判断工具，并且只是一个纯粹的理性概念，我能够更肯定地告诉你们以下事实、没人想死;即使想去天堂的人，也是希望能活着进去。(笑声)死亡是我们每个人的人生终点站，没人能够成为例外。生命就是如此，因为死亡很可能是生命最好的造物，它是生命更迭的媒介，送走耄耋老者，给新生代让路。现在你们还是新生代，但不久的将来你们也将逐渐老去，被送出人生的舞台。很抱歉说得这么富有戏剧性，但生命就是如此。

yourtimeislimited,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.don’tbetrappedbydogma—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking.don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.andmostimportant,havethecouragetofollowyourheartandintuition.theysomehowalreadyknowwhatyoutrulywanttobecome.everythingelseissecondary.你们的时间有限，所以不要把时间浪费在别人的生活里。不要被条条框框束缚，否则你就生活在他人思考的结果里。不要让他人的观点所发出的噪音淹没你内心的声音。最为重要的是，要有遵从你的内心和直觉的勇气，它们可能已知道你其实想成为一个什么样的人。其他事物都是次要的。

wheniwasyoung,therewasanamazingpublicationcalledthewholeearthcatalog,whichwasoneofthebiblesofmygeneration.itwascreatedbyafellownamedstewartbrandnotfarfromhereinmenlopark,andhebroughtittolifewithhispoetictouch.thi

swasinthelate1960’s,beforepersonalcomputersanddesktoppublishing,soitwasallmadewithtypewriters,scissors,andpolaroidcameras.itwassortoflikegoogleinpaperbackform,35yearsbeforegooglecamealong:itwasidealistic,andoverflowingwithneattoolsandgreatnotions.在我年轻的时候，有一本非常棒的杂志叫《全球目录》(thewholeearthcatalog)，它被我们那一代人奉为圭臬。这本杂志的创办人是一个叫斯图尔特.布兰德的家伙，他住在menlopark，距离这儿不远。他把这本杂志办得充满诗意。那是在60年代末期，个人电脑、桌面发排系统还没有出现，所以出版工具只有打字机、剪刀和宝丽来相机。这本杂志有点像印在纸上的google，但那是在google出现的35年前;它充满了理想色彩，内容都是些非常好用的工具和了不起的见解。

stewartandhisteamputoutseveralissuesofthewholeearthcatalog,andthenwhenithadrunitscourse,theyputoutafinalissue.itwasthemid-1970s,andiwasyourage.onthebackcoveroftheirfinalissuewasaphotographofanearlymorningcountryroad,thekindyoumightfindyourselfhitchhikingonifyouweresoadventurous.beneathitwerethewords:”stayhungry.stayfoolish.”itwastheirfarewellmessageastheysignedoff.stayhungry.stayfoolish.andihavealwayswishedthatformyself.andnow,asyougraduatetobeginanew,iwishthatforyou.图尔特和他的团队做了几期《全球目录》，快无疾而终的时候，他们出版了最后一期。那是在70年代中期，我当时处在你们现在的年龄。在最后一期的封底有一张清晨乡间公路的照片，如果你喜欢搭车冒险旅行的话，经常会碰到的那种小路。在照片下面有一排字、物有所不足，智有所不明(stayhungry，stayfoolish.求知若饥，虚心若愚)这是他们

停刊的告别留言。物有所不足，智有所不明——我总是以此自省。现在，在你们毕业开始新生活的时候，我把这句话送给你们。

stayhungry.stayfoolish.thankyouallverymuch 求知若饥，虚心若愚。

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