研究生英语课后close翻译

研究生英语课后close翻译（精选5篇）

研究生英语课后close翻译 第1篇

第一章

《视窗》这个网站杂志包含世界著名作家的诗歌和文学作品，其中不乏有解释这个世界的发人深思的文章。甚至还有来自联合国秘书长科菲·安南的文章。令我们吃惊的是这个杂志的编辑是一个12岁的小女孩，乔治·南丁格尔。

她因为《视窗》这个杂志而获得1999年有线和无线儿童网络奖项的一等奖，这些奖每年由年轻人颁发给最善于应用网络的年轻人。他们强调虚拟世界是网络最受欢迎的一个方面。孩子们进入到网络空间仿佛他们天生都会使用网络。

或许因为孩子们接受这些技术很自然，而大人不得不需要费一番脑筋才能理解。无论什么原因，但孩子们已经建立起网站并向世界各地的朋友发邮件时，而大人仍在询问“请告诉我一边，网络空间究竟在哪”。

当然，孩子们在网络空间中可以远离父母的监管，这个问题日益受到关注。很多父母为了应对这件事已经安装了可以组织孩子们进入暴力和色情网站的软件。儿童网站采取了更积极的策略，它是一扇通往教育世界和娱乐世界的大门。

网络文化的迅猛发展已经引起分析家的推测：社会很快就会分成两个阵营——信息丰富阵营和信息贫乏阵营。为此儿童网站将尤为重要，为那些因为贫困或者残疾而处在社会边缘的孩子们能在虚拟网络中有机会像一个正常公民一样享受同等权利。

第二章

当你舒服地坐在花园里给你的同时发邮件时，你不需要经历一个难受的旅行去和他们交谈。如果你需要一份重要文件，你可以通过卫星传真到你的手机上，并且可以在笔记本电脑上观看。即是来自其它大洲的文件，你也可以立即接收到它。

随着科技成本的日益降低，生产所有权变成了现实。由于拥有电脑﹑手机﹑传真机﹑打印机作为远程工作者的物质工具，他们变成了真正的电子农民。

像传统农民一样，在同一环境里生活和工作。他们不仅亲手耕耘“土地”，而且收获丰富的脑力资源成果。

然而，没有在第25层楼上的豪华办公室，微型企业家无法证明他们的信誉。无论对和错，人们认为在漂亮的大办公室办公是身份地位的象征。人们想：“如果一个公司能够提供这些，那么，这个公司经营的一定很好”。但是，面对一个人在家中的一间房子里办公时，顾客们倾向于这样想：与他们的接触毕竟不会长远。难道一个在黄金地段拥有一间大办公室的工人才是好的工人么？

事实上，研究表明：家庭工作者一般更加认真地完成任务，并且比在办公室里德同事工作的时间更长。像拥有土地的传统农民一样，他们感觉再为自己工作。

更重要的是，他们不拘泥于计划，当什么时候合适了他们就开始工作。那就意味着他们花一个或者两个小时来陪孩子玩耍，然后熬夜来完成演讲稿，其结果他是一个更加愉快的工作者。

第三章

在1998年年初时，东非本应是最美丽的时候：一般短暂的雨季在十二月份已经结束，水位下降，乡村充满活力；农民种植庄稼，牧民在草地上放牧，游客到处旅游。但今年是不同的，雨季长而且降雨量比较大。在肯尼亚和索马里大部分地区，水蔓延几英里，切断了村庄的联系，迫使牧民将他们的牲畜转移到少数干地上。事情很快变得更糟糕。骆驼、奶牛、绵羊、山羊都开始死于高烧。人也开始得病，一些人暂时性失明，而另一些人流血不止。这种疾病被叫作裂谷热，有蚊子所携带的病毒所致。在非洲，这种疾病每隔几年就会爆发一次——当死水使蚊子大量繁殖时就会爆发，今年裂谷热的爆发也是由于洪水不退引起的。据官方报道至少有89000人得病，其中死亡200人，但是这种病通常不致命。然而牲畜的损失巨大，据牧主称他们损失90%的牲畜。

虽然东非灾难性的洪水已引起世人的关注，但于此同时，别的一些奇怪天气也令人们关注，如不正常的干旱，火灾，暴雨，寒流和热浪。每年都会出现大量反常现象，但今年他们中许多都与太平洋赤道附近的洋面上发生的情况有关，即在1997年的头几个月里洋流和季风开始改变，并且改变了全世界的天气类型。当然，这种天气的改变是厄尔尼诺作用的结果。到1997年底，厄尔尼诺已经众所周知。然而在1988年，厄尔尼诺对全世界的影响达到鼎盛期，它创造了有史以来的最热的天气记录。，除裂谷热外，厄尔尼诺还引起了伤寒、疟疾、登革热等一系列疾病在肯尼亚、柬埔寨、秘鲁和世界其他国家的爆发。

第五章

令人震惊的是宇宙有其自然规律及其法则，这种规律不仅能够定性的而且能够定量概括出其运行规则我们可以想象这样一个宇宙，没有任何规则像我们宇宙一样大由1018基本粒子构成，完全在一种无序的混乱状态下运行，为了了解这个宇宙，我们将需要像这个像宇宙那么大容量的大脑。这样的宇宙似乎也不太可能有生命和智能生物。因为人类和大脑都需要一个稳定且有序的内部结构。但即使在这个非常混乱无序的宇宙中存在比我们高级的智能生物，他们也将不会有太多的知识、激情和喜悦。

幸运的是，我们生活在至少它的重要组成部分是可知的宇宙中。我们常识性的经验和进化史已经让我们去了解到这个世界一些平凡的事情。然而当我们进入其它领域时，常识性的经验和直觉却变得高度不可靠。这是令人震惊的，当我们接近光速时，我们的质量在无限增大，我们的厚度却朝着运动方向零厚度收缩，时间也像我们希望的那样几乎停止。许多人认为这些想法是非常愚蠢的，每一到两星期，我都会收到一封向我质疑的信。但这些确定的事实不仅是实验的结果，也是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在《相对论》中关于时间和空间的精辟分析的结果。这些影响对于似乎我们不太合理，但这些不重要。我们并没有接近于光速旅行的习惯，在这样的高速运行下，我们的常识也值得怀疑。

这种认为宇宙限制着人类做任何可做的事情的想法是令人沮丧的，为什么我们不能处在中间旋转的位置呢?为什么我们不能超光速旅行呢？但是据我们所知，这就是宇宙的所构筑方式。这种限制不仅使我们在浩瀚的宇宙面前更加渺小，也使整个宇宙更为可知。

第七章

我一直不喜欢作为一个男人。在美国男子气概是可悲的，就像一生穿一件不合体的外套度过一生。甚至 “成为一个男人汉”这样的表述都让我感到侮辱和辱骂。它的意味是：愚蠢，冷漠，顺从，好斗，无思想。男人意味着有男子气概，当考虑男人的时候，怎能不想到男人可怕的勃勃野心呢？然而这时每个男人生命力的一部分。这是一个骇人听闻和极其可怕的谎言。它不仅强调与女人的不同，而且纵容其优越性。从本质上讲，它具有破坏性，既伤害了人与人之间的感情，有危害整个社会。

如果一个年轻人（大部分年轻人都是如此）受到这种概念误导，认为具有男子气概的理想是截然与女人分开，如同野蛮部落的逻辑一样，他终其一生对女人都不了解，认为女人是讨厌的。当然，也有男性所遭受的痛苦折磨的女性版本。它始于一个母亲鼓励小女儿对大人说：“你喜欢我的新裙子吗？”就某种意思来说，女孩一般被教导用彬彬有礼的方式去讨好大人，而男孩则要求像猴子一样顽皮、淘气地面对彼此。一个九岁的俊俏小女孩在微妙的权力游戏中成长为成年女子，她学会依赖男人，打扮入时，并且对男性提出的缺点保持注意力。女人就要像个女人，这需要一个男人作为证明者和诱惑者，而男人气质崇尚独立，与男人为伍。这是荒诞之所在，这也是为什么男人有缺点的原因，因为它否认了男人和女人之间有自然的友谊关系。

很难想象有不轻视女人的男子气概的观念，并且这种观念很早就被灌输。在我到了想跟女孩约会的年纪，也就是13—16的反叛的年龄，我总是被告诉去参加运动，去户外活动，参加童子军，并且不需要读太多的书。

研究生英语课后close翻译 第2篇

On the coming of the New Year, it occurred to Sam that he should put aside his work for a while and call his parents.年轻人常常把个人利益放在首位而将社会责任抛在脑后。

3、在这个瞬息万变的时代，In a time of change, social commitment.young people often put self-interest in the first place and tune out 4缩小这种差距。、政府已经意识到贫富分化可能导致严重的社会问题，The government has realized that serious social problems may 并且已采取措施来arise distance.from wealth polarization, and measures have been taken to shorten the 5

们期望更高。、作为成名的代价，明星们尤其容易受到批评的攻击，As the cost of being famous, stars are particularly 因为人们总是对他vulnerable to criticism, because people always have higher expectations of them.击被成功镇压之后，惊魂未定的人质们被引领着穿过一个秘密通道，来到

6、恐怖袭安全地带。After the terrorist attack was successfully suppressed, the horrorstricken hostage zone.were shepherded across a secret的是因为这给别人造成了伤害。

7、最终，作者选择反驳谣言，倒不是因为个人受到了冒犯，更多passage to the safety

Finally, the author chose to retort the rumor

not because of any personal offense, but rather in response to injurieson others.inflicted 8才会去偷熟人的东西。、罪犯向律师解释到，他天生意志薄弱，物质欲望经常会战胜情感，所以The criminal explains to his lawyer that his will is so naturally leads to the theft of his acquaintance.fragile that his physical needs often overpower his feeling, which 9

悲伤和遗憾之外，、当她的奶奶，也是这个世界上唯一爱她的人离世时，再也没有其它感受。（nothing else but）她心中除了深深的When her grandma, the only person who loved her in the world passed away, with10.nothing else but deep sorrow and regret.her heart was filled Since my grandma knows nothing about electrical appliance, she always 我的祖母对电器一无所知，所以她总是对任何一种电器都敬而远之。clear ofstaysany of them with fear.Although they have been sieged for almost a week, the soldiers swear never to 11.尽管已经被包围了将近一周，战士们发誓绝不将阵地放弃给敌人。yieldthe ground to the enemy.found

12、他尴尬地发现他的新老板就是那个他曾常常戏弄的小学同学。He school classmate, on whom he used to play trick.with embarrassment that his new boss turned out to be his primary 13择。、当社会责任和个人利益发生冲突的时候，每个人都应该清楚该如何抉Everybody should know how to choose when their social responsibility clashes with 所展示出来的美丽与智慧而着迷。their personal interest.14Tourists from all over the world、来自世界各地的游客都为这座宫殿are really taken by视角展示了中产阶级的非洲裔美国人的国内生活，以及奴隶制与种族歧视 the beauty and intelligence shown in this palace.15、这本书以尖锐的的残余影响。This book provides a sharp look at the domestic lives of middle-class African Americans and the discrimination.residual impacts of slavery and racial 人相互推挤着购买牲畜，这个情景令我难忘。

16、那天早上在亚洲最大的农贸集市上，我看见至少十万 That morning in the largest rural market in Asian, I saw at least a hundred thousand peopleanother to buy livestock, which is so unforgettable to me.jostled

还延续着早期小说的轻松的描述语气，但是随着故事的展开，这种语气变

17、这篇叙述开始with one 得模糊了，只偶尔蹦出一些幽默的字词。The narration at first continues the light spoken tone of the earlier novel, but as it develops, this tone occasionally bursting forth in humorous words.支法对降低犯罪率也是无能为力的，关键是对人的教育。

18、两派都认为再强硬的枪recedes, onlyThe two groups concurredthe key lies in the education of people.that even the toughest gun laws would have no effect on crime rate;着他的名字，字迹几乎被岁月磨掉了。

19、没有人能想到，这位伟大作家的坟墓只有一小块木板作标记，上面写No one could expect that the great writer’s letters of which were nearly grave was marketed by a small wooden board, bearing his name, the 20rendered、我们的选手获得大赛冠军，这个消息使大家变得异常兴奋。obliterated by time.The news the contest.us extremely excited that our contestant had won the championship in After every Spring Festival graduates travel around the country21、每年春节过后，全国各地到处都是找工作的大学毕业生。ofyou tell he has murdered his neighborjob.22、在缺乏确凿证据的情况下你怎能说他谋杀了邻居？in the pursuitHow can 恐怖袭击的威胁令政府不得不每天仔细审查成堆的邮件。in the absence of any specific proof?Under the threat of23、terrorists’ 24attacks government has to sift through heaps of mails every day.The、大会委员会成员正在讨论是否将这一议题列入本次大会的主题之内。fall underconference committes’ members are discussing whether the topic should25 this session’s theme.不将掌管公司的大权移交给儿子。、在知道自己的病情不断恶化的情况下，这位曾雄心勃勃的企业家不得 When he was aware that his health was deteriorating, the once ambitious entrepreneur business relinquished all control over the 划修建地铁，这些举措都是为给市民出行提供方便。to his son.26、市政府下定决心在全市范围内拓宽道路并积极筹The municipal government actively has determined

facilitatingplanning

行抢劫案时，citizens’ transportation.to build the to underground broaden all the system roads as within well.All the this city aims and is at

发现了一封信,这封信把约翰牵连到该案中。

27、警察在调查一起造成两人死亡的银When investigating a implicatebank robbery

不停地谈论自己。d John in the robbery.resulting in two

There is a natural28、deaths, 许多老年人都有一种自然倾向，那就是the police found a letter which

inclination in old men to be talking of

themselves.We must

29、我们相信他们这样做看起来很残酷，但其用意是好的。thing.He 30 credit、由于昨天是母亲节，他对母亲隐瞒了这个坏消息。them with our good intention in doing such a seemingly crueltoday.concealed the bad news from his mother because it is

错事，他都要给自己找出借口。

31、我觉得他不会受欢迎的，因为每次他做了不合适的事情甚至是the Mother’s Day

I don’t think he will be a popular figure,because he always inappropriately or even wrongly.comes up with an excuse whenever he had done something 座既古老神秘又充满现代活力的城市迎来参加本次会议的各位嘉宾。

32、在美丽的金秋时节，我很高兴能在这In the golden conference in this age-old and mysterious city full of autumn, I am very happy to welcome the distinguished guests to the era.dynamism of the modern 33典礼。、四位前总统与现任总统乔治．布什一起参加了里根总统图书馆的开馆Four former Presidents joined incumbent President George Bush at the dedication 成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居ceremony for the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.34、那些赞民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents.improving of economic construction.Some people even equate the build of such projects with the 35中，最说明问题的是一种被称为、根据约翰·莫奈(John Money)教授的研究，“爱图”的东西：它是我们大脑中的一组编在影响我们择偶的诸多因素码信息，记载着我们的爱憎。Among all the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate, one of the most he describes our likes and dislikes.calls our “lovemap”-a group of telling,messagesaccording to John Money, is what encoded in our brains that 小说中的任何人物角色都难以认同。

36、这位傲慢的年轻人太挑剔了，他对这本The arrogant young man is so critical that he found it hard to 37identify with

pharmaceutical、这家制药厂和一所医学院的研究所已经合作研制一种新的咳嗽药。any of the characters in this novel.college to develop a new cough medicine.factory has teamed up with a research institute of a The 是关于晚婚问题的。The latest movie of

38、这位著名导演最近的一部电影medical

the famous director is concerned

withstage forlater marriage.39、总统死后，是靠自己的能力，a military coup after the president’s death.他们开始酝酿一场军事政变。

而不是因为父母的支持。My older brother40、我哥哥认为他的成功They set the

owes his success more 活总是来者不拒to his ability than to my parents’ support.——多多益善。I never refuse41、我为增加收入，对于做零odd jobs to supplement my income 警方让男孩的母亲放心，—— it’s all grist to the mill这个孩子很安全。.42、有一个小男孩让恐怖分子绑架了，A little boy had been kidnapped by

terrorists.The police 43reassured his mother about the child’s safety.discussion、讨论会漫无边际地进行了几小时，讨论的结果有负我的期望。expectations.meandered on for hours, and its results didn’t measure up to The my 44problem in learning English very muc、我非常理解他在学习英语方面的困难，但却爱莫能助。I appreciated his 45the party、由于父亲远在美国，h, but I don’t think I can help him.46in the name of his father, because his father is far away in America.所以他以父亲的名义参加了此次聚会。He attended tried、史密斯尽力回想到底发生了什么事情，但是什么也想不起来。him.47 hard to think what could have hapened, but nothing suggested itselfSmith to host、这个仆人无意中侮辱了主人，(Hilaire Belloc)unconsciously, the servant was所以被轰了出去。shown the doorAfter having insulted his.48、希拉尔·

法超越现象”。认为Hilaire “一个人永远不可能认识事物自身的本质，Belloc believes that “one never can see 因为思想无贝洛克the thing in itself, because the mind does not个年龄大一点的男孩吓唬那些小孩子，还抢走了他们身上所有的钱。transcend phenomena.”

49、据目击者说，一According to the witness, an older boyall their money.intimidated the little children and took 50只有正视现实、仔细分析失败原因才有可能取得成功。、每个人的生命中都会有一些失败，但整日生活在痛苦中是没有用的，There is failure in everyone’s life, but living in anguish whole day is nothing useful.Success will come failure.only if one can envisage realities and carefully analysis the previous 51的问题最多。、蠕虫病毒越来越流行，其中Worms increase in Sircamprevalence、红色代码和坏透了三种病毒带来 with Sircam, CodeRed, and BadTrans creating the most problems.里上班，即使劳累、心情不好，甚至是只有五位观众的时候，也应同样如

52、表演人员应该始终面带笑容，要在工作日，星期天，甚至是有些假期此。The actors are expected to don on a simile and work weekdays, weekends, and some holidays, through fatigue and bad moods, even when there are only five people in the audience.53但是大多数人现在开始承认此国在许多方面都是世界经济的生力军。由于、虽然有些人曾经对有关这个国家的巨大发展速度的数据持怀疑态度，整个国家的坚定不移的努力，即使那年夏天爆发的大面积洪水灾害也没有影响到这种地位。Some people used to be skeptical about this country’s dramatic growth figures, but most people now regard it as a driving force in the economy summer did not destroy the momentum, thanks to the determined efforts of the of many parts of the globe.Even the outbreak of flooding in the whole nation.常想重新找回这些已经失去的东西。对她来说，现在唯一的问题是，少儿

54、现在，她的整个家庭已经解散，变得四分五裂，而她非服务中心作为监护人显得过分热情，以她吸毒作为理由，而将她的孩子从她身边带走，使孩子疏远了她。Her whole family has been disbanded and torn apart and she absolutely wants them back.The sole issue to her at present is that the smoking drug as an excuse to remove and Children Service is overzealous as 55estrangea watchdog,the childrenand wantsfromtoher.useher 的投资产权不超过百分之二十的要求发生了冲突。、分析家认为，这笔生意与当地的任何外国个人投资者在本地保险企业Analysts said that the deal appears investor’s ownership in their insurers toto clash with the local rules,be no more than 20 percent.which require any individual foreign 著名，56、在他这使人们想起了1875年去世的时候，她的作品已经使她从贫穷境地转变为世界《丑小鸭》里小鸭变成天鹅的故事。By the time he died in 1875, his writing had lifted him from poverty to world recognition in a social journey Duckling”.reminiscent of the duck who became a swan in the “The Ugly 57和加强安保措施带来的经济负担等问题。从长远来讲，炸弹威胁会影响

一、由于受到威胁，百货公司和超级市场的经营者们不得不应对营业损失 个商店的声誉，甚至会使它的客户转向其他“安全”商店。As a result of the threats, department store and supermarket operators have had tolost could sales customers to switch to “safer stores”.affect and a the store’s financial reputation burdenscontend with over of improving their the long term, security.and might Bomb cause threatsviolent and abusive behavior drove her to

58、她丈夫的凶暴，辱骂行为将她逼到了几乎绝望的境地。its 作美下雨的话，球迷期盼已久的橄榄球赛将不得不延期举行。the verge of despair.59Her husband’s、万一天公不In the event ofrain, the rugby game long expected by fans will have to be postponed.doubts if the measure taken by the company is 60、人们怀疑公司的这项举措是否符合绝大多数员工的利益。People have employees.成为一名优秀的钢琴演奏家。61、为了不辜负父母的期望，in the interests of majority ofIn order to 他尽了最大努力去实现目标live up to parents’ expectations, he ——did the best to achieve his goal to become an excellent pianist.62查。、你根据什么说那位官员收受贿赂？如果没有任何线索我们很难展开调On what ground did you say that the official had taken bribes? If you couldn’t 63础上和在各国人民的鼎力支持下，反恐事业定会迎来胜利的一天。、恐怖活动日益猖獗，但是我们始终相信在世界各国建立反恐联盟的基offer us any clues, it would be unlikely for us to make investigations.Terrorism is becoming rampant.However, we always believe that counter-terrorism will for sure succeed one day, based on an alliance betweenthe cause of nations and改变可能会间接影响到犯罪率。championed by people from all around the world.比如说，经济波动往往导致工作机会减少，64、社会结构失业增加，因而引发犯罪率上升。Changes in the social structure may indirectly affect crime lead increasing crime rate.to fewer job opportunities incidences.For example, economic fluctuations always and rising unemployment, thus causing an 65 员称号。来自费城、周日，阿伦·艾弗森在76人队的艾弗森在比赛中共拿到NBA全明星赛中因成绩优异而夺得最有价值球15分，其中助攻得10分，抢断得5分，从而为东部明星队敲开胜利之门。Allen during the NBAIverson took collected 15 points, 10 assists and 5 steals, to’s Allthe-Star Game on Sunday.Iverson, of the Philadelphia 76ers, Most Valuable Player(MVP)award for his efforts the Eastern Conference side.spark a winning performance by 66期内就能说得清的问题，这有待于人类长期的，不懈的努力。、克隆的寿命是否受到被克隆的父母的年龄的影响当然不是一个在短时(life span)Certainly, whether a clone’s it is not a question likely to be answered in a short period of but one requiring our long-term and unremitting efforts.life span is affected by the years its parent has already lived, time, 67cherish、中国人民怀着全世界人民团结、peacefully and get along friendly.a good will that peoples all 友好、over 和平的良好愿望。the world unite Chinese peopletogether, stay68China’s government has、中国政府在培育民主、发展经济、economy, and removing poverty.made great strides 消除贫穷方面都迈出了很大的步伐。in nurturing democracy, developing育，彻底消除腐败现象。We should continue to improve laws, and strengthen69、我们应该不断健全法制，加强法制教law education so as to 70should educate our children not to、要教育儿童不要事事都指望父母，应该培养他们自己动手的能力。sweep away corruption.We make them form a doing-by-yourself habit.look to their parents for everything so as to 人都能畅所欲言的气氛。We should create71a、党内应该提倡民主，形成人democratic atmosphere in the Party so that everyone can72 speak his mind.加和谐、、当我们将城市居民所享有的权利也给与农民工时，我们的社会就会更 更加稳定。When we extend citizens’ rights to the peasant workers, our society will be more harmonious and stable.剥夺了受教育的权利，是希望工程改变了他们的命运，使得越来越多的失73、许多乡村儿童因贫困而被学儿童走进学校。Many country children, especially girls are denied the right to education.It is the Hope Project that has changed many poor children’s fate and is helping more and more out-of-school children go to school.74的游客来此瞻仰的原因。、在这片历史的废墟上珍藏着一位伟大的哲学家的遗骨，这正是那么多 This historical ruin is the place where a great philosopher’s ash is75 enshrined.That’s why so many tourists came to worship it.将被辞退。、我并不确切知道她对他都说了些什么，但大致是说如果他不努力的话I don’t know exactly what she said to him, but it was something along the lines76 that he would lose his job if he didn’t work harder.大负担。、尽管我们的生活水平不断提高，但是总的来说购房仍是很多家庭的一 Although our living standard has been improving, housing purchase remains a big burden to many families77行为。、腐败问题日益严重，政府下定决心首先着手调查并揭露一些重大腐败 in the aggregate.Corruption is becoming increasingly serious so the government has determined to carry out investigations in the first place to big excellent performancecorrupt practices.表示不满，所以我们将候选人的人数从十人缩减至三人。excused 78、他的出色表现使他能够免于常规训练。bring to light somehim from the regular training.79、由于选民HisBecause voters/electorates ten made complaints, we narrowed the 对环境的影响，建造更多大型的废物处理厂已经迫在眉睫。down to three.80、人口的急剧增长导致了生活垃圾的增加，为了缓解list of candidates fromPopulation’s dramatic mitigate its effect on the environment, building more large waste disposal plants increase leads to growing pining up of daily life waste.To help turns out to be desperately urgent.81后来却同意了联合国对伊、最初，当伊拉克在海湾战争中占领科威特时，约旦对伊表示支持，但——约旦主要的贸易伙伴——实施贸易制裁，从而导致国家的整体经济受到威胁。Jordan initially supported Iraq when Iraq occupied United thereby put its whole economy in Nations’ Kuwait trade during sanctions the Persian against Gulf Iraq, its War, but it principal trading eventually agreed partner, ato the 8中是根深蒂固的。、年轻一代似乎总是与各种传统思想作斗争，jeopardy.ndYoung people always seem to 而那些传统在他们父母的心contend with a wide variety of traditions that have had profound roots in their parents.82穷人则根本没有。、那个国家的贫富对比非常明显；富人认为生活中必不可少的许多东西 In that country, the contrast between the lives of the poor and the rich is quite apparent;a poor man has to a rich man regards as almost necessaries in life.go without many things which 83续与通货膨胀作斗争。、他们永远也无法忘记金融危机期间那段可怕的经历 They will never forget the terrible experience during ,那时他们不得不持the financial crisis when they had to 84be stuck with the fight against inflation.到几个参与此次袭击的恐怖分子的踪迹。、9·11事件之后不久，美国国务卿就在新闻发布会上说，他们已经追查Soon after the September 11th Attack, terrorists involved in it at a press conference.the US State Secretary said that they had tracked down several 85解决问题。、有困难的时候你可以毫不犹豫地去寻求他的帮助，他总是能一下子就Don’t hesitate to run to him in time of difficulties, and he can always solve the problems 86celebrities believe that just because they are so popular that they can、很多名人以为正因为他们很有名气便可以为所欲为而安然无事。at a stroke.A lot of with 87“9·11” Terrorist Attack made government officers aware that they could not、9·anything.get away 11恐怖袭击使政府官员意识到在处理公共安全事务时不可敷衍了事。corners喝红酒中消磨时光的。when dealing with public safety.88 We whiled away all the summer evening talking and、我们整个夏天傍晚都是在闲聊 cut , drinking 伴侣。Tom was invited to the reunion party and hewine.89、汤姆被邀请出席毕业晚会, 他在最后时刻才找到约会的 came up with a date at the last 期作品中的人物性格却一成不变。minute.90、他后期作品中的人物大都具有自我矛盾的性格，但其前The characters in his later works are largely selfpiececontradictory, while the characters in his We known each other for a long time.don’t.91early works are mainly of a know、一些朋友我们虽认识多年，但却对他们一无所知。the first thing about some of our friends, thoughwe have 职者，本公司评价不高。Our company92、对于只有书本知识却无工作经历的求thinks no much of those who have only book knowledge but no working experience.93He has lost his family, his job and confidence.He is、他失去了家庭、工作和自信，他在生活中出局了。down and out.They 94、当他们获知三天没有消息的儿子被恐怖分子抓为人质时，彻底崩溃了。for three days, was captured as a hostage by terrorists.went all to pieces when they knew their son, who had been out of contact 95I finally got the clue about what she was、当我最终明白她想说什么时，大吃一惊。I was greatly taken aback when 96thirties as he、他不到四十岁就死了，driving at.97ruined his constitution by drink and dissipation花天酒地的生活毁了他的身体。He died in his late.was、尽管他对自己的主意满怀热情，但他的客户却毫无兴致。

研究生英语课后close翻译 第3篇

【关键词】四级改革；大学英语翻译教学；回译；学生互评

一、四级考试翻译题型纵览

从2013年12月考试起，全国大学英语四级考试的试卷结构和测试题型进行调整。此次调整变化最大的就是将段落翻译取代完形填空，将完形填空部分分值增加到翻译部分，且分数较原来的翻译分值增加了10%，达到15%。段落翻译在考察学生基本翻译能力时，特别注重考生通过上下文语境理解整段，要求考生对全文要有综合掌握的能力。纵观历年真题翻译部分的改革，从1987年底第一次四级考试至1995年6月，四级考试均无翻译测试。之后从1996年1月开始，翻译测试逐渐成为四级考试内容。但从1996年1月到2006年6月，11年时间里21次四级测试中，其中仅有1996年1月、6月和2000年6月的试题中包含有英译汉测试，试题的设计是从4篇阅读短文中分别挑选出4个句子进行翻译，评分方式采用主观评分。时至2006年6月，大学英语4级考试翻译题型将原来的英译汉改为汉译英，要求学生根据一个句子的语境补全句子，且比分只占5%，测试重点仍为考察语言点。虽然翻译部分以汉译英的命题形式出现，但考查的重点还是学生的语言能力及翻译速度，忽略了学生翻译能力、翻译技巧等。经过对历年大学英语试卷题型研究发现翻译分数每一次改革后都有所提高，而且主观题的形式出现趋势越来越明显，越来越侧重学生的翻译能力。

二、大学英语翻译教学现状

现行的大学英语教学大纲中对翻译能力有具体要求，可是翻译教学没有得到教学单位的足够重视。国内高校，尤其是本科院校，非英语专业学生一般不单独开设翻译课程，甚至有些院校根本就没有设置面向全院大学英语教学翻译理论和实践课程。单从教材进行分析，大多数高校现行的大学英语教材有《新视野大学英语（听说）》、《新视野大学英语（读写）》等。从教材名称就可推断出教材中的内容，翻译部分较少涉及。在读写教程中，只有汉译英单句翻译练习，并且提供了参考词汇与短语，教材没有涉及翻译技巧或翻译方法。尽管教材涉及句子翻译，但目的在于要求学生掌握教材中语言点，因此这种翻译训练仅称之为教学翻译训练而非翻译教学。翻译教学的目的是提高学生的翻译能力，而教学翻译目的是提高学生对语言的掌握能力，教学翻译是翻译教学的一种手段或方法。当前大多数地方本科院校的教学中多使用教学翻译，却很少涉及翻译教学。

三、四级改革后的大学英语翻译教学策略

为了在大学英语翻译教学中提高学生的翻译能力，回译教学法在现行教材中变得尤为重要。这既能培养学生的翻译能力，又能将课文的语言点掌握，同时也能有效弥补大学英语教材中翻译素材的不足。作为一线教师，通常在对每个单元的文章结构及语言点分析清楚以后，抽出一个课时给学生讲解翻译技巧，然后要求学生完成每个单元的翻译任务，即将教材中的英文先翻译成中文，然后在中文基础上，又进行回译，最后让学生自己将汉译英的翻译与课文的英文相比较，同时教师针对学生在翻译过程中普遍存在的问题进行分析和针对性专项训练。同伴互评（Peerreview）又称同伴反馈（Peerfeedback），是指学生自己组成二个或二个以上成员的小组，为各自的某一学习任务进行互相点评，讨论该任务中的重点和难点，同时为组员的作品提供反馈意见。同伴互评是一种合作学习机制，该种教学方法被广泛用于其它课程的教学，如大学物理等，但用在大学英语翻译教学相对较少，多见于英语专业翻译教学。这些学者关注的共同点是同伴互评在“翻译教学中的实际应用效果”。在具体的大学英语翻译教学实践中，笔者结合课堂回译方法，每个单元的课文分析完后，通过将成绩好的、成绩差的男、女生分组搭配安排学生课后/课堂分组讨论，发挥帮、带作用，同时，控制每个小组人数，组内成员轮流负责讨论。个别阅读人人起草共同讨论轮流执笔集体修改轮流拟稿一分别审校一汇总定稿人人签名共享成绩。在小组定稿后，可由不同小组间交换译文，互相修改（Cross-editing），修改之处用红笔标示，组员需人人签名，以示认可。学生可以在多媒体教室、寝室、图书馆或任何有网络的地方，通过互联网登录QQ，建立小组聊天，人人发言、讨论、完成任务或进入互动平台与教师进行讨论以增加学生获得同伴反馈的渠道。

四、结语

研究生英语课后翻译unit3 第4篇

The plane arcs softly into its final descent at Hong Kong International Airport.Below, Victoria Harbor, and the silent rhythms of countless ships.Beyond, sloping mountains fence in a breathtaking city view that seems to stretch forever.This is no ordinary airport.This is no ordinary city.An elderly man passes by wearing pajamas, bearing a brightly feathered bird singing merrily in its cage.Professional gather at a roadside kitchen for noodles, congee and shrimp.Incense from s tiny Taoist temple drifts into the pounding beat of rock music pouring out of a discotheque.A ferry travels on the nearby water regularly, taking passengers to an isolated island 40 minutes away, where Buddhist temples and tiny fishing villages dot the landscape, Hong Kong.Here, 161 km south of the Tropic of Cancer, beats the pulse of Southeast Asia’s heart.Where East greets West, and past colors present.飞机轻轻地进入香港国际机场做最后的下降。这下面的维多利亚港，停靠着无数沉默伴奏的船只。除此之外，倾斜的山围栏有一个惊人的城市，似乎永远伸展。这绝不是普通的机场，这也绝不是普通的城市。一位上了年纪的人仍穿着睡衣，手里拎着有一个笼子，有只明亮羽毛的鸟在里欢快的歌唱。还有些专业的餐馆聚集在一个路边，面条，粥和虾。香而窄的有小小的寺庙直至还有一片有冲击摇滚音乐的节拍倾泻而出的一个迪斯科舞厅。定期渡轮行驶在附近的海面上，把乘客带到一个孤岛上，40分钟的路程，佛教寺庙和小渔村点缀的景观，这里就是香港，北回归线以南161公里，东南亚跳动的脉搏的心脏。映入眼帘的是东西的文化和新旧色彩的全新呈现。

研究生英语课后close翻译 第5篇

love,almost

everything

eles

is

more

important

than

love:success,prestige,money,power—almost all our energy is used for the learning of how to achieve these aims,almost none to learn the art of loving.学习艺术的过程可以非常容易地分成两部分：

一、掌握理论；

二、精于实践。如果我需要学习医学，我必须首先了解人体和各种疾病。但即使我掌握所有这些理论知识，也绝不表明我就能熟练操作了。只有当经过大量实践，直到最后我的理论知识和实践结果融合在一起，形成直觉了，我才能称得上这门艺术的专家。直觉是艺术掌握的精华所在。但是除了学习理论知识和进行实践外，掌握艺术还必须有第三种因素，即对这门艺术的痴迷；世上再无比这门艺术更重要的事。音乐、医药、木工手艺是这样，爱情也是如此。我们这个社会中的人们，尽管显然已经失败却仍然很少去学习爱的艺术，起原因也许就在于此虽然内心深处都渴望爱，却认为其他任何事都比爱重要，如成功、名望、财富、权力：我们几乎把所有的精力都消耗在对这些目标的追逐上，而几乎不花费任何精力来学习这种爱的艺术。

在婚姻中我们最想得到的额是什么？爱与被爱，幸福与安全，成长与发现。爱的关系是一个花园，我们在其中种植，培育和收获最珍贵的作物，我们自己，我们的配偶在这个花园里得到同样肥沃的土壤可以蓬勃发展。

只有当我们的配偶也心愿得尝时，我们才能心愿得尝。例如，一位妇女可能想去听交响乐而她的丈夫则痛恨交响乐。但是花几个小时听他不喜欢的音乐，他可以给自己的伴侣带来快乐。为得到这份快乐所付出的代价并不高，对吧？

What is it we want most from a marriage?To love and be loved.To be happy and secure.To grow,to discover.A love relationship is a garden in which we plant,altivate and harvest the most precious of crops,our own self,and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.We can not obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants.A woman may,for instance,want to go to the symphony.Her husband may hate symphonies.But by spending a few hours listening the music he doesn’t care for,he can bring joy to his partner.That is a pretty cheap price to pay for joy ,isn’t it?

The speed of communication is bound to have an effect on composers—styles are now known

and imitated so quickly that“crossover”may be the buzzword for music in the new century.people can download anything in their home,and you know tomorrow what someone else in the other side of the world did yesterday.barriers between classical music ,jazz and other forms will continue to break down and audiences will derive equal pleasure from lots of different styles.I forsee a greater plurality of taste.The great unknown is the effect new technology is going to have on the soundworld of

music,as opposed to its forms and structures.In this century we’ve seen the potential of percussion in orchestral work develop out of all recognition,and have become accustomed to electronic music.So I anticipate developments around the corner that will produce huge changes in what we listen to.高速通讯肯定会对作曲者产生影响。如今各种风格如此快速的为人所了解和模仿，“风格跨越”

可能成为新世纪音乐界的时髦词。人们可以在家里下载任何作品。昨天地球另一边的人做了什么，明天你就可以知道。古典音乐，爵士乐和其他音乐形式之间的屏障将会继续崩溃，听众将从许多不同风格的作品中获得同样的快感。可以预见，人们的欣赏口味将会更加多样化。

一个很大的未知数是，新技术对音乐的音效效果和不是其他形式和结构会产生影响。本世纪我们

已经看到打击乐在管弦乐作品中的潜力发挥到了令人无法辨认的程度，而我们也习惯了电子音乐。因此可以预见，未来的发展不久就会给我们听到的音乐带来巨大变化。

当前，经济全球化深入发展，国与国相互依存日益紧密，求和平，谋发展，促合作已经成为不可

阻挡的时代潮流，世界面临难得的发展机遇，同时，近来世界经济增长中的不确定不稳地因素增多，金融市场持续动荡，能源资源价格上涨，粮食安全问题突出，全球通胀压力增大。建设持久和平，共同繁荣的和谐世界，仍面临不少严峻挑战。

At present,with the futher progress of economic globalization,countries are increasingly

interdependent,and pursuit of peace ,development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times,presenting the world with rare opportunities for development.At the same time,uncertainties and destabilizing factors in world economic growth have inceased recently,as evidenced by continued turbulence in the financial market,rising price for energy and resources,acute problem of food security,and growing pressure of global inflaction.these remain numerous grim challenges in the effort to built a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.While china is home to 22% of the world’s population,it has only 7% of the culitivated land.Still,Chinese agriculture has made remarkable progress over the past five years.In 1994,China was a global leader in production of major products such as grain,cotton and meat.The grain harvest in 1995 hit 460 million tons,setting a new domestic record.In addition,China is developing strategies to ensure and adequate domestic food supply for year to come.One key has been a variety of market reforms.Unlike the past,individual farms and agricultural cooperative now operate as profit—making enterprises.That means takingrisks.But the benefits are obvious.Farm families have seen their annual income rise considerably, while consumers find more food available than ever before.中国是占世界人口22%的国家，却只占世界耕地的7%。但是在过去的5年里，中国农业仍取得了显著进步。1994年，中国主要农产品如谷物，棉花和肉类都居世界领先地位。1995年的粮食丰收达到4.6亿多吨，创造了新的国家纪录。

另外，中国正在实施今后几年内保障粮食足以自给的发展策略。一个关键是实施多种形式的市场改革。与过去不同的是，现在个体农场和合作农场都是盈利企业，尽管有风险，但其好处是显而易见的，农民家庭每年收入有相当大的增长，而消费者较之前也可以买到更多食品

我们中国是世界上最大的国家之一，它的领土与整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。在这个广大的领土之上，有广大的肥田沃地。给我们以衣食之源；有纵横全国的大小山脉，给我们生长了广大的森林，贮藏了丰富的矿产；有很多的江河湖泽，给我们以舟楫和灌溉之利；有很长的海岸线，给我们以交通海外各族的方便。

——《毛泽东选集》节选

China is one of the largest country in the world,her territory being about the size of the whole Europe.In the vast country of ours there are large areas of fertile land which provide us with food and clothing;mountain ranges across its length and breadth with extensive forest and rich mineral deposits;many rivers and lakes which provide us with water transport and imigation,and a long coastline which facilitates communication with nations beyond the seas.(Excerpt from The Selected Words of Mao Zedong)

First, the teacher’s personality should be pleasantly live and attractive.This does not rule out people who are physically plain, or even ugly, because many such have great personal charm.But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, melancholy, frigid, sarcastic, frustrated, and overbearing.I would say too, that it excludes all of dull or purely negative personality.Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy-in the literal meaning of that word-a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other people.Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the frailty and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.首先，教师应该精力充沛，有个性魅力，令人愉快。这并不意味着应当排除相貌平平的人，或者甚至是相貌难看的人，因为许多这类老师具有很大的个人魅力。然而这的确意味着应当排除那种过于激动、忧郁、冷漠、爱冷嘲热讽、爱挑剔挖苦、沮丧以及盛气凌人的人。我还要说应当排除所有那些生性呆板或对一切都采取绝对消极态度的人。

第二，教师要有真诚的同情心，教师的这种品质不就是可取的而且是必不可少的。同情，顾名思义就是一种能对他人内心和感受表示深切理解的能力。与此紧密相连的是宽容——不是宽容错误而是宽容人性中的脆弱与不成熟，这种脆弱与不成熟容易使人，尤其是孩子，犯错误。

科学的成功与其说是取决于某种特定方法，比如说与科学家们所共有的一种态度更为有关。从根本上来说，这种态度是一种探究、实验、尊重事实的态度。真正的科学家不屈服权威，但如果他们发现有足够证据证明他们的想法有矛盾，他们乐意修正，甚至放弃那些观点。科学家们确确实实置诚实至上。

科学家必须接受事实，即使在他们希望事实不同时也必须如此。他们必须竭尽全力把他们看到的同他们希望看到的区分开来——因为人类具有极大的自欺能力。人们一贯倾向于未经彻底询问其是否正确，便采纳一般的规则、信仰、信念、理论和观点，而且在它们被证明是毫无意义的、错误的或者至少是可疑的之后，能长久地抱住它们不放。流传最广的假定是最少收到怀疑的。

The success of science has less to do with a particular method than with an essential attitude of the scientist.This attitude is essentially one of inquiry, experimentation and humility before the facts.Therefore, a good scientist is an honest one.True scientists do not bow to any authority but they ever ready to modify or even abandon their ideas if adequate evidence is found contradicting them.Scientists, they do place a high value on honesty.Scientists must accept facts even when they would like them to be different.They must strive to distinguish between what they see and what they wish to see-for humanity’s capacity for self-deception is vast.People have traditionally tended to adopt general rules, beliefs, creeds, theories, and ideas without thoroughly questioning their validity and to retain them long after they have been shown to be meaningless, false, or at least questionable.The most widespread assumptions are the least questioned.(Most often, when an idea is adopted, particular attention is given to cases that seem to support it, while cases that seem to refute it are distorted, belittled, or ignored.We feel deeply that it is a sign of weakness to “change our mind”.Competent scientists, however, must be expert at changing their minds.)

Does the rise of a contingent work force mean that traditional jobs,in which workers can expect a long term relationship with their employer,will soon be obsolete?Probably not,although there are likely to be much fewer traditional jobs than in the past.Rather,the trend toward a flexible work force is leading to a redefinition of the job.Jobs are increasingly seen as arrangements in which people sell their services to employers in a variety of ways,often starting as contingency workers and being promoted into full-time positions later on.The evolution of the job requires a corresponding evolution in employees’ approach to work.Just as employers are transforming themselves to get closer to their market and their customers,employees must get closer to the reality of the labor market.Employees should think of themselves as entrepreneurs who own a bundle of skills and competencies,which they can market to their“client”.Thus workers need to continuously update their skill bundles to remain attractive to employers.这种非固定型劳动队伍的出现意味着传统工作——员工和雇员之间有着长期雇佣关系的工作——将很快过时了吗？或许不会！尽管传统型工作同过去相比可能会减少许多。然而，这种向灵活多变发展的趋势正在引导我们去重新界定“工作”一词。人们越来越强烈的认识到：工作时一种商约，人们以各种不同方式将自己的劳务卖给雇主。这种商约常常以临时员工身份开始，到后来才被晋升到全日制的职位。

工作的演变过程需要一个相应地雇工对待工作的过程。正如雇主正在努力改变知我以求更加接近他们的市场和顾客，雇工必须更加接近劳工市场的现实。雇工应当把自己看做企业家：他们拥有一套技术和技能，他们完全可以向他们的“顾客”推销自己的技术和技能。这样，雇工需要不断地更新自己的技术，使自己对雇主一直有吸引力。

受人尊敬与受人欢迎归结起来其实是敬业和个人化之间的矛盾。我们都想把工作做好，同时我们也想和所有的人成为朋友。而实情是如果你想把工作做好的话，你就必然不讨人喜爱。想成为好好先生的一厢情愿往往会成为你的弱点。

尽职工作并不能是你成为大家都喜欢的人物，可这样做的报酬却相当可观，他能让你得到更深层次的喜爱和仰慕。尊敬就如同银行里的钱一样：在提款之前你必须往里面存款！不用担心自己的人气指数，要激发别人的尊敬，从长远来说，这能助你迈向成功之路。