高中物理必修1说课稿

2022-12-14

第一篇:高中物理必修1说课稿

人教版高中物理必修1说课稿:《重力 基本相互作用》

武威第五中学韩明

教材分析:

这一章教材通过分析生活和生产中大量的实际问题(如运动员踢球、守门员接球、压锯条、物体落向地面、地球自转等)引入力的概念和重力的概念,并应用二力平衡原理引入重心的概念。自然界中的物体,正常情况下都离不开重力的作用,因此在相互作用的教学中,教材将重力放在其它力的前面,突出重力的重要性。由于学生对重力并不陌生,因此教材在这部分的处理中只做陈述性的简单介绍。从本节课的内容和学生的现有接受能力来看,力的作用效果与力的大小、方向、作用点三个因素有关和重心的概念是这节课的难点。为了解决重心这一难点,教材列举了大量的实例,以求帮助学生理解这一难点。

学生分析:

在初中,学生已经学过了重力和力的概念,对重力和力的概念已有初步的了解,并学习了力的图示,学生的这种储备为这节课的教学带来方便,使教学难度大大降低,因此教学中要抓住这一特点,突出过程的体验和情感教育,这样使我们的物理课更接近生活,更易于学生接受,从而带动学生学习的积极性。

教学目标:

知识与技能:

1.了解力是物体对物体的作用,力的作用是相互的,认识力能使物体发生形变或使物体运动状态发生改变.

2.知道力的三要素,会画力的图示和力的示意图.

3.知道重力的方向以及重力的大小与物体质量的关系.

4.知道物体重心的含义.

5.知道重力产生的原因及其定义.

6.了解四种基本相互作用.

过程与方法:

1.知道人类认识力的作用是从力的作用产生的效果开始的.

2.能通过探究活动体验力的作用效果与力的大小、方向、作用点三个因素有关.

3.能通过多个实验现象归纳得出力的作用是相互的.

4.自己动手,找不规则薄板重心的实验锻炼自己的动手能力.

5.通过“重心”概念的引入渗透“等效代换”的物理学方法.

情感态度与价值观:

1.通过实例激发学生对科学的求知欲、激励探索与创新的意识.

2.通过实验,培养学生的团结协作精神.

3.通过本节课的学习,培养全面观察分析问题的能力.

教学重点、难点:

教学重点:

1.力的概念、图示以及力的作用效果.

2.重力的概念及重心的理解.

教学难点:

1.力的概念.

2.重心的概念和位置.

教 学 方 法:探究、讲授、讨论、练习

教 学 活 动:

[新课导入]

首先给出几个受力的情况,“运动员踢球、守门员接球、运动员用头顶球、人推物体(但没有推动)、火箭发射、压缩海绵”等.让学生分析讨论,引发学生的兴趣

通过学生的分析讨论,引导学生总结得出这几个物体的共同点。

这几个物体有的在运动,有的静止,比如说人推物体时并没有推动物体.海绵的情况和其他几个物体有所不同,那几个物体都是从运动到静止或者从静止到运动,形状都没有发生变化,但是海绵形状变化比较明显.

引发学生思考这些现象是什么原因造成的。引出是因为物体受到了力

的作用.

[新课教学]

一、力和力的图示

首先给出小的演示比如:用手压锯条、拉橡皮条等,接着提出问题.举出生活中其他实例,及所有这些现象说明了什么问题。引导学生得出要使物体形状发生变化,要对它施加力的作用.

教师总结:物体形状或体积的变化称为形变,从刚才几个例子我们可以得到力是使物体产生形变的原因.

然后给出三个例子

1:用力推箱子,可以发现箱子开始运动了;

2:汽车停下来,首先要刹车;

3:飞行在空中的足球,当一个运动员用头顶一下,发现足球的运动方向发生了变化。

教师总结:物体速度的变化称为物体运动状态的变化,总结成一句话就是力是物体运动状态发生变化的原因.

结合以上的分析,再加上初中所学的知识,让学生给力下一个定义. “力是物体间的相互作用,力是物体运动状态变化的原因,力是物体发生形变的原因.”由我们向东拉一个物体和向南拉一个物体时,同样大小的力产生的作用效果不一样,得出力是既有大小又有方向的物理量,这样的物理量叫矢量,让学生总结得出以前学习过的位移、速度、加速度都是矢量.之后采用教师提问,学生回答的形式让学生自己从课本上找出“力的单位是牛顿,简称牛,符号是N.”要想测量力的大小,可以用测力计(弹簧秤).

教师提出问题“要具体描述作用在物体上的一个力,可以采用什么样的方法?”因为学生在初中以学习过力的图示,让学生得出。既可以使学生对初中物理知识的复习巩固,又可以引发学生学好高中物理的信心。接着提出“要想画力的图示,需要了解哪几个问题?”力的三要素:大小、方向和作用点.

接着进行一下力的图示的练习。接着给出几个参考练习,由学生完成。 “绳对物体竖直向上的拉力大小为150N,用力的图示法表示拉力.” 要给出详细的解析,给出严格的步骤:

(1)选定标度;

(2)从作用点沿力的方向画一线段,线段长短按选定的标度和力的大小画.线段上加刻度;

(3)在线段终点上加箭头表示力的方向.

接着让学生练习,做例题中物体受力的图示,教师巡回指导,帮助水平较差的学生,可以让同位之间互换进行检查,找出对方的缺点,锻炼学生发现错误的能力.

随后给出课堂练习,课堂训练题目省略,之后给出解答。

随后由“下落的物体可以有从树上下落的苹果、跳高运动员、飞机投下救援物资等生活现象引导学生得出物体的共同特点是,它们都落向地球.我们已经知道力是改变物体运动状态的原因,引导学生得出物体的下落是受到重力的作用.接着讲解第二个知识点“重力”。

二、重力

重力产生的原因是由于地球的吸引而使物体受到的力.让学生得出研究重力的三要素的研究方法。让学生回答重力的大小可以用弹簧秤进行测量.

结合课本讲解“同样一个物体受重力的大小在地球的不同地方是不同的,根据公式G=mg中的g是我们以前所学的自由落体加速度,它的大小与物体所处的高度和纬度有关.当高度增加时,g的值减小;当纬度增加时,g的值增大.”

重力的方向是竖直向下的.

教师总结得出:重力的作用点称为重心,从效果上看,我们可以认为各部分受到的重力集中在一个点上,这个点叫做物体的重心.

之后让学生思考物体的重心是如何进行确定的,结合学生的分析,进行总结。给出一个不规则形状的薄木板,让学生设计一个实验方案来标出

这块木板的重心所在.

给出用悬挂法确定薄板的重心的参考。得出这样实验的原理。随后给出关于重心的课堂训练,巩固重心的知识点。

除了重力之外,自然界还有很多力的作用,它们的类别很多,根据不同的分类方法有很多方法,这些相互作用都是由四种基本相互作用演变而来,接下来引入四种基本相互作用.

三、四种基本相互作用

(学生自己阅读教材第52页四种基本相互作用)

由于这一部分是属于了解性质的问题,让学生自己阅读,有利于提高学生阅读科技论文的能力,是学生提高自己水平的很好机会,老师一定要相信学生有这个能力,不能把一切都进行讲解,而是应该把这一部分时间让学生自由支配,锻炼学生的自学能力,为终身学习作好准备.请同学们把自己阅读的内容总结一下.它们的基本特点是什么?

通过讲解这一部分,可以激发学生对科学前沿的了解,积极投身到为科学而献身的队伍中去.

[小结]

力的概念在初中已经有所接触,但是它的理解仍然是一个难点,关键是在于力是物体间的相互作用这一问题上,并且两个力地位是相同的.重力是在初中已经学习过的一个概念,对它的理解主要应该放在重心的研究上,知道不同情况下物体重心的位置.自然界四种基本相互作用是新教材新增的内容,对它的理解不必太深,了解这方面的知识,为将来发展打下基础.

布置作业:

板书设计:

§ 3.1重力

一、力和力的图示

1.定义

2.单位

3.力的作用效果

4.力的图示和示意图

二、重力

1.重力产生的原因:是由于地球的吸引而使物体受到的力.

2.重力的三要素

三、四种基本相互作用

1.万有引力

2.电磁相互作用

3.强相互作用和弱相互作用.

第二篇:高中物理必修一加速度说课稿

《速度变化快慢的描述──加速度》说课

在本节课的教学过程中,我将贯彻新课标的基本理念,努力做到注重全体学生的发展,注重科学探究,提倡学习方式的多样化和转变,使学生通过本节课的学习实现从生活走向物理,从物理走向社会,我说课的内容分为教材分析、学情分析、教法学法、教学过程和板书设计。

一、教材分析

1、本节在教材中的地位

加速度是人民教育出版社出版的《高中物理新课标必修1》第一章第五节,也是本章最后一节。是运动和动力学中一个重要的物理概念和物理量,是学生在以前学习了匀速直线运动基础上一个较大的知识跨度,其在下一节讲的匀变速直线运动中的重要性不言而喻,在牛顿运动定律中,是联系力和运动关系的桥梁和纽带。后来的机械振动、电磁场、能量守恒、动量定理等内容都涉及到,将为以后学习运动学和动力学奠定知识基础。同时,它又是一个较抽象的物理概念。

在前面四节的内容学生学习了匀速直线运动的知识,理解了速度的概念,并认识了速度-时间图象,能判断物体速度起来越大或速度越来越慢情况下的速度图像。这为过渡到本节的学习起着铺垫作用,本节内容在物体运动学中运动的描述占据重要的地位,以及为今后的学习打下必要的基础。

2、教材特点

教材用去繁就简的方法,从学生实际出发,首先列举小型轿车和旅客列车起步后的运动过程,让学生思考它们速度变化的快慢,以增强学生的感性认识。从而仿照平均速度的引入方法,引入加速度这一概念,这样就能顺应学生的理解水平,又在此概念上留有较大的拓展空间,待学生日后深化。之后教材展示飞机起飞、迫击炮发射等具体的事例,要求学生了解“速度大”“速度变化大”和“速度变化快慢”含义的不同。同时,通过旁批提醒学生注意“物体运动的快慢”与“运动速度变化快慢”的不同。然后借用速度图示法,分析加速度方向与速度方向的关系。

用v—t图像描述运动物体的速度变化,可以直观、形象地认识速度的变化规律。学生通过教材设置的“思考与讨论”和“科学漫步”栏目的内容,在图像中认识变化率,可以加深对加速度的认识。

3、教学目标

根据我对教材的理解、结合学生的实际情况、渗透新课程的教学理念,为提高全体学生的科学素养,按课程标准,以促进全体学生发展为目的。从知识与技能、过程与方法,情感态度与价值观三个方向培养学生,制定了本节课的三维教学目标。

(1)知识与技能:理解加速度是用来描述物体速度变化快慢的物理量;了解加速度的定义式和单位;了解加速度的矢量性,会根据加速度方向与速度方向的关系判断运动性质;理解加速度的概念,区别速度、速度变化量、速度变化率三者的关系,能在生活中准确的使用加速度的概念。 (2)过程与方法:在建立平均速度的基础上,参照平均速度的引入方法,引入加速度的概念,了解和体会比值定义法在科学研究中的作用,学会用类比法,对学生进行科学研究方法的熏陶;通过加速度概念的建立过程和加速度定义式的得出过程,了解和体会比值定义法在科学研究中的应用。

(3)情感态度价值观:通过本章节的学习探究,提高学生的分析比较问题的能力;培养学生区分事物的能力及学生的抽象思维能力。培养学生理论联系实际的思想和作风,体会物理知识来源于生活实际中,感受研究问题的乐趣,养成分析物理概念的严谨态度和习惯; 当我们对教材进行了分析并且了解了教学目标之后,就不难理解本节课的重点与难点。 (4)教学重点与难点

教学重点:教学重点:加速度是物理学中非常重要的概念,对这一概念的理解和应用是教学重点;

教学难点:加速度的方向是个很重要的内容,由于学生刚接触加速度这一概念,加上学生对矢量的运算又不熟悉,所以在加速和减速直线运动中,弄清楚加速度的方向是本节教学要突破的难点。

二、学情分析

1、学情分析

加速度的概念,对于刚迈上高中门槛的初中学生来讲,实在是太抽象!多数情况下,学生只涉及到运动多少路程、位移,运动有多快?其次,学生抽象思维能力不高,对于速度、速度的变化、速度的变化率的区别很难分清;

(1)学生已有知识和能力:教学的对象是高一学生,他们已经掌握了运动快慢的描述,初步体会用比值法定义物理量的方法,对于变化快慢也有感性的认识。

(2)学生所欠缺知识和能力:首先在日常生活中, 在多数情况下,学生比较容易接受运动了多少路程、位移、运动的快慢,很少碰到速度变化有快慢之分的现象,对于速度的快慢缺少感性认识;,可以说不学物理,在头脑中是不会自发的形成"加速度"的概念;其次学生的抽象思维能力不高,在头脑中很难形成“加速度”的概念。

(3)在教学过程中学生往往只重结果,轻过程,再通过大量的习题来死记结论,如果这样,学生的思维能力将得不到培养。 学生是课堂教学的主体,引导学生理解加速度概念,会用之解决一些简单的问题是本课教学的中心目标。因此,巧用提问,激发学生思考问题的积极性、活跃课堂气氛,让学生在轻松、自主的环境下,进行讨论和交流,较好地完成教学任务。

三、教法学法

为了突出教学的重点,突破教学的难点,为了满足新课标倡导的教师主导,学生主体的教育思想和“多元智能”理论,使学生能够达到本节内容设定的教学目标,本节课主要采用案例分析法、启发式教学、探究式教学、类比法和讲授法:

1、教法:根据教材内容和学生特点,紧紧围绕教学目标,在教法上选用了(1)案例分析法:直观形象生动,有助于激发学生的学习兴趣。 (2)启发式教学:有助于培养学生的思维想象能力。(3) 探究式教学:有助于调动学生的积极主动性。(4) 类比法:有利于学生理解掌握。(5) 讲授法:培养学生科学严谨的学习方法。

2、学法:在教学过程中特别重视学法的指导,让学生成为真正的学习的主人,将课堂真正还给学生。体现了以学生为主体、教师为主导的教学原则。这节课在指导学生的学习方法和培养学生的学习能力方面主要采取以下方法:自主探究法、类比法、分析归纳法。

四、教学过程

复习平均速度和瞬时速度:强调平均速度只能粗略的反映物体在某段时间或某段位移内运动的快慢,而瞬时速度能精确反映物体在某个时刻(或某一位置)的运动快慢,再谈比值定义法和极限思想;指明瞬时速度的矢量性,平均速度的矢量性,为理解加速度的矢量性铺垫;

1、引入新课

在建立加速度概念过程时,基于加速度太抽象,用多媒体展示实例,让学生感受:运动物体有速度,运动物体速度有变化,运动物体的速度变化有快有慢,逐层深入,从而自然地引入描述运动物体的速度变化快慢的必要性。

视频1:播放城市中繁忙的交通夜景。(让学生感受运动物体的位置是不断变化的,运动物体位置的改变是有快慢和方向的, 即运动物体具有速度,速度有大小和方向) 视频2:观察公路上不同交通工具的运动情况。(让学生知道不同物体运动的快慢可以不同,即速度大小和方向可以不同) 视频3:观察火车进站的运动过程和运载火箭发射的运动过程。(让学生知道物体的速度是会变化的,速度变化是有快慢的)

然后再根据教材“小型轿车和旅客列车起步后的运动过程”这一实例,先让学生思考,

谁的速度“增加”得比较快?分组讨论从而得出以下结论: 结论

1、在速度变化量相同的情况下,时间用的越短,速度变化越快。 结论

2、在时间相同的情况下,速度变化量越大,速度变化越快。 再提出:如何比较时间不同、速度变化量不同的情况下,运动物体速度变化快慢?引导学生类比描述时间不同、位移不同,物体运动快慢的描述—速度,从而引入新的物理量—加速度。

2、讲授新课

(1) 加速度概念:是描述速度变化快慢的物理量,表示为a (2) 类比:速度和加速度

速度:描述物体运动快慢即物体置变化快慢定义式; 加速度:描述速度的变化快慢 让学生猜想定义式:

让学生依照公式写出a的单位:m/s2读:米每二次方秒 (3)什么是速度变化量

先介绍速度在一维坐标轴上的表示;同一直线上的矢量计算方法, 再说明△v的计算。 (4)加速度的方向 △v是矢量差, 也是矢量。而t是标量,故a的方向与实际速度变化量的方向相同,研究a的方向实际上是研究速度变化量的方向,用变速直线运动实例进行分析,加深学生对加速度方向的理解。 (5)加速度与速度方向的关系

设计实例进行探究:汽车加速、减速的不同情况。引领学生小结加速度和初速度方向的关系:速度增加,a与Vo方向相同;速度减小,a与Vo方向相反。

(6)加速度和速度的区别:速度和加速度对初学者来说易混淆,非常有必要让学生澄清。 学生讨论以下问题:

①、加速度大则速度大,加速度小则速度小,加速度为0则速度为0,这三种说法正确吗?为什么?

②、加速度大则速度变化大,加速度小速度变化小,加速度为0速度不变化。这三种说法对吗?为什么? ③、匀速直线运动的加速度有何特点? 师生互动解决以上问题。

3、课堂小结

①加速度是表示速度变化快慢的科学概念,它不是速度也不是速度的变化,加速度大,速度变化越快;反之,速度变化慢,加速度为0速度不变,有加速度的运动一定是变速运动;

②加速度的正负只表示方向,不是代数意义上的正负,直线运动中只有两个方向,可用正负表示,往后的应用中为避免出错,一般规定Vo为正向;

③只是加速度的计算方法之一,加速度的大小不由三个量决定。

4、布置作业

课后的问题与练习

五、板书设计

第三篇:高中物理必修一摩擦力说课稿[模版]

说课稿

一.教材分析

本节课是人教社物理必修1第三章第三节的内容,编排在弹力之后。该节知识是力学的基础,更是高中物理知识的基础。所以这节内容的教学如何引领学生自主积极地探究摩擦力产生的条件和影响因素,体验摩擦力特点规律的发生过程是本节课的重点,应高度重视本节教学过程;由于摩擦力问题的复杂性,且在具体问题中又表现出“动中有静,静中有动”,尤其静摩擦在许多情形下似乎又是“若有若无,方向不定”,因此,对于初学者也是有一定难度的。

高中物理《课标》对该知识点的要求是,“通过实验认识滑动摩擦、静摩擦的规律,能用动摩擦因数计算摩擦力”。其中,对静摩擦力规律的认识应该包括最大静摩擦力。摩擦力大小的计算和方向的判断对学生来说是个难点,而摩擦力又是高中力学三类常见的力之一,是受力分析的基础。本节课学习的成败对以后学习牛顿运动定律的应用、动能定理的应用以及摩擦力做功与产生热能的关系等问题都将带来影响,所以本节课在物理教学中的地位和作用是非常重要的。

重点:

1、滑动摩擦力大小的计算以及方向的判断

2、静摩擦力有无的判断以及静摩擦力方向的判断。

3、静摩擦力产生的条件及规律,正确理解最大静摩擦力的概念。 难点:

1、静摩擦力有无的判断和静摩擦力方向的判断。

2、静摩擦力大小的简单计算。

二.学情分析

学生在初中的《力和机械》一章已经学习了摩擦力的基本知识,但还不会具体的计算。会分析简单的现象,但不深入。另外,通过前面几章的学习,学生基本适应了高中的学习方式,以及初步具备了探究和设计探究实验的能力。

三.教学目标

知识与技能

1、认识静摩擦力的规律,知道静摩擦力的变化范围及其最大值;

2、能根据静摩擦力的规律,能判断静摩擦力的方向;

3、知道滑动摩擦力的产生条件,认识滑动摩擦力的规律;

4、知道动摩擦因素与哪些因素有关,会判断滑动摩擦力的大小和方向;

5、知道最大静摩擦力略大于滑动摩擦力,滑动摩擦力比滚动摩擦力;

6、会根据物体的平衡条件简单的计算摩擦力的大小。 过程与方法

1、培养学生利用物理语言分析、思考、描述摩擦力的概念和规律的能力;

2、培养学生的实验探究能力,学会在实验中控制变量和实验条件;

3、通过自己动手实验,培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力;

4、通过学生自己设计实验并参与比赛等形式,激发兴趣提高探究创新意识。 情感、态度与价值观

1、利用实验和生活实例激发学生学习兴趣,培养学生合作的精神和对科学的求知欲。

2、培养学生实践──认识(规律)──实践(解决实际问题)的思想。

3、在研究问题时,要培养突出主要矛盾,忽略次要因素的思维方法。

4、认识科学技术对于社会发展和人类生活的影响。能说明生活、生产中采用应用摩擦力的实例,发展观察能力。

四.教法学法

(实验探究、分析归纳、观察提问、讨论分析、应用举例、练习巩固) 根据教学内容的上下承接关系,学生刚学完力、重力、弹力,对力学研究中的一些物理量已有初步的了解。在教学中应引导学生充分运用已知的物理知识和方法进行分析和探索,使学生在实践中亲自体验实践出真知的重要性,形成愿意运用科学思维方法和研究方法去解决问题的科学价值观。针对素质教育对学生能力的要求,本节课的教学就尝试采用实验探索、问题启发式教学法、讨论分析、应用举例、练习巩固,加强自主性、探究性、合作性学习,使学生通过亲自参与探究滑动摩擦力和静摩擦力规律的全过程,学习科学探究的方法,加深对物理知识的理解,而不是生硬的死记硬背,同时在观察中培养能力,开展思维训练重视知识的应用,理论紧密联系实际。使他们在创新精神和实践能力方面得到发展和提高。从而培养学生的科学探究能力、实事求是的科学态度和敢于创新的精神。

学法

在全面推进素质教育的今天,教学中做到“授人鱼,不如授人以渔”这句话显得更为重要。我们不仅要教给学生知识,更重要的是在传授文化知识的同时,积极培养学生的学习能力,为他们今后继续教育或终身教育打下基础,所以学法指导可分为:⑴、使学生学会发现问题和分析、解决问题的能力。学生只有有了疑问,才有学习的动力,而问题的解决恰好就是建立新的知识结构的过程,从而培养学生发现问题,分析问题,解决问题的能力;⑵要鼓励学生自己去寻找解决问题的方法,特别是一些具有代表性的方法,如本节课的“控制变量法”,并将此方法迁移应用到其它方面。从而让学生在教学活动中学习知识,掌握方法,发展能力。以达到教学最佳效果。

所以,本节学习方法指导主要是教给学生“三会”:会根据实验目的和实验方法进行实验设计,会用实验进行探索,会用数学方法进行分析总结找出规律。

教法:引导启发 演示实验 讨论分析 多媒体辅助 学法:观察法 探究实验法 讨论归纳法 交流合作法

五.教学程序

引出摩擦力,提问生活中摩擦力例子,举例。使学生了解摩擦力带给我们的生活的情况,培养热爱生活的思想感情。对其分类:静摩擦力,滑动摩擦力,滚动摩擦力。

用手推桌子,桌子为什么没有移动?(边演示边讲解)

静摩擦力 用刚才的例子,提问:静摩擦力的产生条件?方向如何?大小与什么有关?激发学生学习的欲望和好奇心。培养学生发现问题的能力,体现从生活走向物理的教学观念。

实验探究,提问同学,在同学回答的基础上进行归纳,静摩擦力的大小,方向及产生条件。 动摩擦力

实验探究

产生条件 大小(动摩擦力大小与哪些因素有关)定量分析 方向

探究滑动摩擦力大小与哪些因素有关呢?

通过实验让学生体会到不同物体间滑动摩擦力的大小会有所不同,进行思考:滑动摩擦力的大小跟哪些因素有关呢? 学以致用

摩擦力在生活中的利弊举例,从而引发学生思考,怎样使用摩擦力,如何增大减小摩擦力更好的应用于生活中。

第四篇:高中英语必修1,说课稿

Good afternoon, dear teachers. My name is xxxx , I come from Kaifeng,a beautiful and historic city. I got my bachelor’s degree in English two years ago in xxxxUniversity. Now I’m a postgraduate student majoring in translation theory and practice. Since primary school I have a dream of becoming a teacher in the future because most of my teachers

My presentation consists of three parts: Part 1 is analysis of the teaching material, part 2 is my teaching methods and the last part is teaching procedures. Part 1. Analysis of the teaching material In this part, I’ll talk about my understanding of the teaching material, teaching objectives, key and difficult points.

a) my understanding of the teaching material

The topic of unit 1 is friendship, a very familiar topic for students. The reading text---Anne’s best friend shows Ss a special kind of friendship, friendship between a girl and her diary. By reading the text, Ss can not only improve their language knowledge and ability, increase their awareness of the importance of friendship but also acquire some cultural and historic knowledge about the Jewish people and German Nazis.

teaching objectives According to the teaching material, I set three teaching objectives. Knowledge objective: help Ss memorize and learn the usage of some important words, expressions,and grammatical structures like “it’s the first time that”, and broaden their knowledge of the Jewish people’s sufferings in the history.

Ability objective: to train Ss’s reading ability such as fast reading, intensive reading, and information-gathering and summarizing ability.

Moral objective: by studying the text, Ss would be able to understand the importance of friendship, learn to cherish and maintain friendship b) Key and difficult points The key point is to get Ss familiar with the usage of important words, expressions and

the difficult point is to help Ss master some complex grammars, such as the word it used as formal subject and present participle used as attributes. Part 2 my teaching theories, methods and aids: Ss should always be put in the predominant position of learning and teachers should play a leading role in instruction. Therefore, I will use question-and-answer activity teaching method, free discussion and pair work method to inspire Ss’s self-learning. During the class, I will draw Ss’s attention to important points by asking them some questions and let them find answers by themselves. They will learn important and difficult points through analyzing, discussion and summarizing.

As for teaching aids, I will use OHP(overhead projector), PowerPoint, and tape recorder. Part 3 teaching procedures Step 1: lead-in and pre-reading (Unit 1)First, I’ll ask Ss some questions about their friends--- “who is your best friend?” “What do you like most about your friends?” “Are you good to your friends?” then I will ask Ss to do the warming-up exercise. After that I will let them discuss in groups about their answers. After their discussion I will acquaint them with some background knowledge about German Nazis and the Jewish history to get them prepared for reading the text. Then we will move on to: Step 2 while-reading This step is divided into 2 parts---fast reading and careful reading.

Before fast reading I will ask them some simple questions about the details in the text. These questions serve as clues for them to follow while reading and will help improve their skimming skills. Then I will ask them to read the texts again and retell or summarize the reading material.

Step 3 post-reading and extension In this part students are instructed to focus on language usage and background knowledge. I will explain the usage of some key words, expressions and grammatical structures and also help them better understand the true meaning of friendship. Step 4 homework I will ask Ss to finish the exercise on Page 4 and 5/to consolidate what we have learnt. Also they are required to review the learnt lesson and underline the key words and phrases in the next text.

第二课

Now I’d like to talk about my teaching ideas. The teaching material I’m going to talk about is taken from NSEFC book one. It’s the reading part of unit two The Road to Modern English My presentation consists of three parts: Part 1 is analysis of the teaching material, part 2 is my teaching methods and the last part is teaching procedures. Part 1. Analysis of the teaching material In this part, I’ll talk about my understanding of the teaching material, teaching objectives, key and difficult points.

a) my understanding of the teaching material

The topic of unit 2 is English language and its development. The reading text---The Road to Modern English tells about the development of English language in history and different English dialects. By reading the text, Ss can not only improve their language knowledge and ability, but also acquire some cultural and historic knowledge about English dialects.

teaching objectives According to the teaching material, I set three teaching objectives. Knowledge objective: help Ss memorize and learn the usage of some important words, expressions of racial discrimination in history. the difficult point is to make Ss fully understand the reading text by adding background knowledge

Part 2 my teaching theories, methods and aids: Ss should always be put in the predominant position of learning and teachers should play a leading role in instruction. Therefore, I will use question-and-answer activity teaching method, free discussion and pair work method to inspire Ss’s self-learning. During the class, I will draw Ss’s attention to important points by asking them some questions and let them find answers by themselves. They will learn important and difficult points through analyzing, discussion and summarizing.

As for teaching aids, I will use OHP(overhead projector), PowerPoint, and tape recorder. Part 3 teaching procedures Step 1: lead-in and pre-reading First, I’ll give Ss some examples of English dialects, such as football and soccer, shop and store, and let Ss guess whether they belong to British dialect or American dialect. Then I will them videos taken from American and British movies. From the videos Ss could compare and discuss the differences between American accent and British accent. After their discussion I explain to them how these differences occur to get them prepared for reading the text.

Then we will move on to : Step 2 while-reading This step is divided into 2 parts---fast reading and careful reading.

Before fast reading I will ask them some simple questions about the details in the text. These questions serve as clues for them to follow while reading and will help improve their skimming skills. Then I will ask them to read the texts again and retell or summarize the reading material.

Step 3 post-reading and extension In this part students are instructed to focus on language usage and background knowledge. I will explain the usage of some key words, expressions and grammatical structures andalso help them better understand how English language developed throughout the history and its role in modern society Step 4 homework I will ask Ss to finish the exercise on Page 11 and 12to consolidate what we have learnt. Also they are required to review the learnt lesson and underline the key words and phrases in the next text.

Untie three

Now I’d like to talk about my teaching ideas. The teaching material I’m going to talk about is taken from NSEFC book one. It’s the reading part of unit three Journey Down the Mekong

My presentation consists of three parts: Part 1 is analysis of the teaching material, part 2 is my teaching methods and the last part is teaching procedures. Part 1. Analysis of the teaching material In this part, I’ll talk about my understanding of the teaching material, teaching objectives, key and difficult points.

b) my understanding of the teaching material

The topic of unit 3 is travelling. The reading text---Journey Down the Mekong is taken from a travel journal by a boy named Wang Kun. It describes he and his sister’s dream and their travel plan. By reading the text, Ss can not only improve their language knowledge and ability, but also acquire some geographic knowledge about Mekong River. teaching objectives According to the teaching material, I set three teaching objectives. Knowledge objective: help Ss memorize and learn the usage of some important words, expressions ever since, persuade, make up one’s mind and emphatic pattern

Ability objective: to train Ss’s reading ability such as fast reading, intensive reading, and information-gathering and summarizing ability.

Moral objective: by studying the text, Ss would be able to appreciate the beauty of rivers and other landscapes in our country and understand the importance of nature to our life, and therefore enhance their awareness of environmental protection.

c) Key and difficult points The key point is to get Ss familiar with the usage of important words, expressions andthe difficult point is to help Ss master some important grammars, such as the emphatic pattern and present participle used as accompany adverbial. Part 2 my teaching theories, methods and aids: Ss should always be put in the predominant position of learning and teachers should play a leading role in instruction. Therefore, I will use question-and-answer activity teaching method, free discussion and pair work method to inspire Ss’s self-learning. During the class, I will draw Ss’s attention to important points by asking them some questions and let them find answers by themselves. They will learn important and difficult points through analyzing, discussion and summarizing.

As for teaching aids, I will use OHP(overhead projector), PowerPoint, and tape recorder. Part 3 teaching procedures Step 1: lead-in and pre-reading First, I’ll ask Ss some questions related to the reading text. for example “have you ever travelled to some beautiful rivers in China?” I will spare 3 minutes for them to discuss with each other and answer my questions. Then I will show them some pictures of important rivers in the world and the map of Mekong River to arouse their interest in reading the text. Then we will move on to : Step 2 while-reading This step is divided into 2 parts---fast reading and careful reading.

Before fast reading I will ask them some simple questions about the details in the text. These questions serve as clues for them to follow while reading and will help improve their skimming skills. Then I will ask them to read the texts again and retell or summarize the reading material.

Step 3 post-reading and extension In this part students are instructed to focus on language usage and background knowledge. I will explain the usage of some key words, expressions and grammatical structures and also, to train their summarizing ability, I will ask them to describe the characteristics of Wang Kun and his sister. Step 4 homework I will ask Ss to finish the exercise on Page 20 and 21

to consolidate what we have learnt. Also they are required to review the learnt lesson and underline the key words and phrases in the next text.

Untie four

Now I’d like to talk about my teaching ideas. The teaching material I’m going to talk about is taken from NSEFC book one. It’s the reading part of unit four A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep

My presentation consists of three parts: Part 1 is analysis of the teaching material, part 2 is my teaching methods and the last part is teaching procedures. Part 1. Analysis of the teaching material In this part, I’ll talk about my understanding of the teaching material, teaching objectives, key and difficult points.

d) my understanding of the teaching material

The topic of unit 4 is basic knowledge about earthquakes and how to protect oneself and help others in disasters. The reading text---A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep describes the Tangshan earthquake. By reading the text, Ss can not only improve their language knowledge and ability, but also acquire some knowledge about earthquake. teaching objectives According to the teaching material, I set three teaching objectives. Knowledge objective: help Ss memorize and learn the usage of some important words, expressions as if, the number of and attributive clause and enlarge their knowledge of earthquake

Ability objective: to train Ss’s reading ability such as fast reading, intensive reading, and information-gathering and summarizing ability.

Moral objective: by studying the text, Ss would be able to encourage Ss to help each other in disaster and recognize the signs of earthquake. e) Key and difficult points The key point is to get Ss familiar with the usage of important words, expressions and1. the the difficult point is to let students master the use of attributive clause Part 2 my teaching theories, methods and aids: Ss should always be put in the predominant position of learning and teachers should play a leading role in instruction. Therefore, I will use question-and-answer activity teaching method, free discussion and pair work method to inspire Ss’s self-learning. During the class, I will draw Ss’s attention to important points by asking them some questions and let them find answers by themselves. They will learn important and difficult points through analyzing, discussion and summarizing.

As for teaching aids, I will use OHP(overhead projector), PowerPoint, and tape recorder. Part 3 teaching procedures Step 1: lead-in and pre-reading First, I’ll let Ss watch a video taken from the movie Tangshan Earthquake as an introduction to the topic of the reading text. Then I will ask Ss some questions related to the topic, such as “do you know why earthquake happens?” “What will you do if an earthquake happens?” “What should we do to help those in quake-hit areas?”

I will give Ss 5 minutes to talk about these questions in pairs or in groups.

Then we will move on to: Step 2 while-reading This step is divided into 2 parts---fast reading and careful reading.

Before fast reading I will ask them some simple questions about the details in the text. These questions serve as clues for them to follow while reading and will help improve their skimming skills. Then I will ask them to read the texts again and retell or summarize the reading material.

Step 3 post-reading and extension In this part students are instructed to focus on language usage and background knowledge. I will explain the usage of some key words, expressions and grammatical structures and also let them list the some earthquake precursors, self-rescue measures and measures to help others in disaster.

Step 4 homework I will ask Ss to finish the exercise on Page 28 and 29to consolidate what we have learnt. Also they are required to review the learnt lesson and underline the key words and phrases in the next text.

Unite five Now I’d like to talk about my teaching ideas. The teaching material I’m going to talk about is taken from NSEFC book one. It’s the reading part of unit five ELIA’S STORY My presentation consists of three parts: Part 1 is analysis of the teaching material, part 2 is my teaching methods and the last part is teaching procedures. Part 1. Analysis of the teaching material In this part, I’ll talk about my understanding of the teaching material, teaching objectives, key and difficult points.

my understanding of the teaching material

The topic of unit 5 is the qualities of a great person and the lives of some great people. The reading text---ELIA’S STORY is the self-narration by a man named Elias. He describes how Nelson Mandela helped him and fought for the rights of black people. By reading the text, Ss can not only improve their language knowledge and ability, but also learn the good qualities of Nelson Mandela and how people fought for racial equality.

teaching objectives According to the teaching material, I set three teaching objectives. Knowledge objective: help Ss memorize and learn the usage of some important words, expressions and attributive clause and enlarge their knowledge of racial discrimination in history.

Ability objective: to train Ss’s reading ability such as fast reading, intensive reading, and information-gathering and summarizing ability.

Moral objective: by studying the text, Ss would be able to learn from the great people and cultivate them good qualities and attitudes towards life and work. f) Key and difficult points The key point is to get Ss familiar with the usage of important words, expressions and the difficult point is to let students master the use of attributive clause Part 2 my teaching theories, methods and aids: Ss should always be put in the predominant position of learning and teachers should play a leading role in instruction. Therefore, I will use question-and-answer activity teaching method, free discussion and pair work method to inspire Ss’s self-learning. During the class, I will draw Ss’s attention to important points by asking them some questions and let them find answers by themselves. They will learn important and difficult points through analyzing, discussion and summarizing.

As for teaching aids, I will use OHP(overhead projector), PowerPoint, and tape recorder. Part 3 teaching procedures Step 1: lead-in and pre-reading First, I’ll show Ss some pictures of great people in the world and ask them how much do they know about these people. Then I will ask them some questions related to the topic. “Do you know some other famous people?” “Among these great people who do you like best?” “What qualities do these great people have in common?” I will give Ss 5 minutes to talk about these questions in pairs or in groups. Then we will move on to: Step 2 while-reading This step is divided into 2 parts---fast reading and careful reading.

Before fast reading I will ask them some simple questions about the details in the text. These questions serve as clues for them to follow while reading and will help improve their skimming skills. Then I will ask them to read the texts again and retell or summarize the reading material.

Step 3 post-reading and extension In this part students are instructed to focus on language usage and background knowledge. I will explain the usage of some key words, expressions and grammatical structures and help them summarize the great qualities of Nelson Mandela and explain to them the painstaking efforts that black people made to fight for their rights throughout history.

Step 4 homework I will ask Ss to finish the exercise on Page 36 and 37 to consolidate what we have learnt. Also they are required to review the learnt lesson and underline the key words and phrases in the next text.

第五篇:6.1行星的运动-高中物理人教版必修2说课稿精心编辑版

6.1 行星的运动说课稿 各位评委专家,您们好!我说课的题目是高中物理人教版必修2第6章第1节《圆周运动》。下面,

我将从课标和教材分析、教学目标、重点和难点、教法与学法、教学过程及板书设计六个方面进行说课。

一、课标、教材分析

课标:课标中对本节没有具体要求,但是本节对前面所学《曲线运动》和后面学习《万有引力定律》起着承上启下的作用,还是要充分重视。

教材:本节教学既是前面《运动的描述》和《曲线运动》内容的进一步的延伸和拓展,又是为了学习万有引力定律做铺垫。

学情:在物理1的第一章《运动的描述》部分,学生已学习了参考系、运动轨迹、运动快慢描述的相关知识;物理2的第六章《曲线运动》部分,已学习了圆周运动快慢描述的相关知识,这些都是学习行星运动的描述的知识准备。

二、教学目标

(一)知识与技能

1.知道地心说和日心说的基本内容.

2.知道所有行星绕太阳运动的轨道都是椭圆,太阳处在椭圆的一个焦点上.3.知道所有行星的轨道的半长轴的三次方跟它的公转周期的二次方的比值都相等,且这个比值与行星的质量无关,但与太阳的质量有关.

4.理解人们对行星运动的认识过程是漫长复杂的,真理是来之不易的.

(二)过程与方法

通过托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、开普勒等几位科学家对行星运动的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性并加深对行星运动的理解.

(三)情感、态度与价值观

1.澄清对天体运动裨秘、模糊的认识,掌握人类认识自然规律的科学方法.

2.感悟科学是人类进步不竭的动力. 3.培育学生的科学情感、精神和发展观。

三、教学重点、难点

重点理解和掌握开普勒行星运动定律,认识行星的运动.学好本节有利于对宇宙中行星的运动规律的认识,掌握人类认识自然规律的科学方法,并有利于对人造卫星的学习.

难点对开普勒行星运动定律的理解和应用,通过本节的学习可以澄清人们对天体运动神秘、模糊的认识.

四、教法和学法

教法:

1.“日心说”的建立的教学——采用对比、反证及讲授法.2.行星运动规律的建立——采用挂图、放录像资料或用CAI课件模拟行星的运动情况.学法:

自主学习、小组合作探究

五、教学过程

【新课导入】通过多媒体展示天体运动、航天飞机、航天员的图片,引出本章课题。 通过多媒体

展示太阳系的图片,引出本节课题。

【新课教学】

一、 古代对行星运动规律的认识

问题展示:

1.古人对天体运动存在哪些看法?2.“地心说”的代表人物是谁?具体内容是什么?

3.“日心说”的代表人物是谁?具体内容是什么?

二、 开普勒行星运动定律

问题展示:

1:古人认为天体做什么运动?2:开普勒认为行星做什么样的运动?他是怎样得出这一结论的?并由此引出开普勒的行星运动定律。

学生总结:开普勒三个定律

1.开普勒第一定律,板书定律内容,然后进行做一做:用图钉和细绳画椭圆。提出问题椭圆上某点到两个焦点的距离之和与椭圆上另一点到两个焦点的距离之和有什么关系?

2.开普勒第二定律,板书定律内容,展示问题:根据开普勒第二定律,如果一颗行星绕太阳沿椭圆轨道运动,它在离太阳最近的位置(近日点)和最远的位置(远日点),哪点的速度比较

大?通过多媒体课件展示图片引导学生分析这一问题并得到结论近日点速度最大,远日点速度最小。

3.开普勒第三定律,板书定律内容,公式。给出参考资料:太阳系九大行星平均轨道半径和周期的数值,供课后验证。引导学生深入探究:播放九大行星轨道运动的课件,使学生对

多数行星的轨道与圆十分接近有一个感性认识.提出问题:开普勒三定律适用于圆轨道时,应该怎样表述呢?由课件展示具体内容。

【课堂训练】通过一道例题和一道练习题对本节内容加以巩固。

【课堂小结】

【作业布置】上网查阅有关行星运动的材料,与同学进行交流。

六、板书设计

力求简洁直观,使本节课的重点一目了然。

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