中学英语强调句型论文

2022-04-25

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中学英语强调句型论文 篇1:

点击高考对“强调句型”的考查

英语中强调句型的基本结构是:It is/was +被强调部分+who/ that+句子的其他部分。该句型能强调英语句子中除谓语动词以外的其他任何成分。它是中学英语学习的重点和难点句型,也是高考试题考查的热点。随着近几年全国各省(市)高考的自主命题,对高考考点的不断变化,该句型也总是以新的面孔出现。但不管其怎样变化,它总是脱离不了It is/was +被强调部分+who/ that…这一框架。下面结合有关高考试题,将其考查形式归纳如下(划线部分为正确选项):

一.考查强调句型结构本身

这是一种最基本的考查方式,主要体现在对引导词it和that/who进行考查。例:

1. It is imagination _____ makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality.(2007,上海春)

A . where B. what C. that D. when

2. I don’t mind her criticizing me,but _____ is how she does it that I object to.(2007,江西)

A. it B. that C. this D. which

二.考查强调句型一般疑问句形式

句式特点:Is/Was it+被强调部分+who/ that…?解题时只需要把一般问句还原为陈述句,便可清楚地看出其句子结构。例:

1. Was it in this palace _________ the last emperor died?(NMET 1987)

A. that B. in which C. in where D. which

2. Was it during the Second World War _______ he died?(NMET 1988)

A. that B. while C. in which D. then

三.考查强调句型特殊疑问句形式

句式特点:特殊疑问词+ is/was it that…?解此类题时,关键是要在理解具体语境的情况下,选准特殊疑问词。例:

1.—_____ that he managed to get the information?

— Oh,a friend of his helped him.(2005,山东)

A. Where was it B. What was it

C. How was it D. Why was it

2. Why!I have nothing to confess . ______ you want me to say? (2004,上海)

A. What is it that B. What it is that

C. How is it that D. How it is that

四.结合状语从句进行考查

句式特点:将整个状语从句置于被强调的部分。例:1. It was after he got what he had desiredhe realized it was not so important.(2006,辽宁)

A. that B. when

C. since D. as

2.It was only when I reread his poems recently_____ I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET1998)

A. until B. that

C. then D. so

五.结合(not)… until句型进行考查

句式特点:It is/was until +被强调部分+that +延续性谓语动词;It is/was not until +被强调部分+that +非延续性谓语动词。这是目前高考试题对强调句型最热衷的考查方式之一。例:

1.It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common. (2007,浙江)

A. was until; when B. was until; that

C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that

2. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _________ I

received the manager’s reply .(2005,全国II)

A.since B.when

C.as D.that

六.结合定语从句进行考查

句式特点:在被强调部分或句子其他部分包含有一个定语从句,此种句式结构较为复杂。解题时首先是要确定定语从句的位置,即找出定语从句的先行词。要特别注意不要把定语从句的关系词和强调句中that/who相混淆。不过,此类句子的顺序多为:It is/was +被强调部分(状语)+定语从句+that +句子的其他部分。例:

It was in Baihai Park ___they made a date for the first time___ the old couple told us their love story.

A. that; that B. where; when

C. that; when D. where; that

分析:通过对句子结构进行分析,我们可以发现本句是对地点状语in Baihai Park进行强调,而地点状语in Baihai Park带了一个定语从句,那么Baihai Park就是定语从句they made a date for the first time的先行词。故选D。

七.结合名词性从句进行考查

句式特点:整个强调句型用作名词性从句,或被强调部分是名词性从句,或句子的其他部分包含有一个名词性从句。这也是目前高考试题对强调句型最常使用的考查方式之一。例:

1. It is not who is right but what is right _______ is of importance. (2007,重庆)

A. which B. it

C. that D. this

分析:主语从句被置于被强调部分。

2. I just wonder _______ that makes him so excited.

(2006,山东)

A. why it does B. what he does

C. how it is D. what it is

分析:考查的是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式用作宾语从句。根据语法规则,在宾语从句中要用陈述语序,故用what it is。

3. It was with great joy ______ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

A. because B. which

C. since D. that(2004,福建)

分析:此句虽然是对状语with great joy进行强调,但整个句子带有一同位语从句that his lost daughter had been found来说明the news。

八.结合主谓一致进行考查

句式特点:在强调结构中,如果被强调的成分是主语,此时就要注意主谓一致,尤其是用not…but…, rather than等连接的平行结构,属于较为复杂的结构。例:

1. It’s the sort of work that ________a high level of concentration.(2007,山东)

A. calls for B. makes up

C. lies in D. stands for

2. It is what you do rather than what you say ______matters.(2005,天津)

A. that B. what C. which D. this

九.考查强调句型的省略

句式特点:主要以承前省略的方式进行考查,解题时需要紧密地结合上下文进行思考,找出其中隐含着的内在联系。这种试题难度较大,在高考试题中属于拉差距的题。例:

1. ——Where did you get to know her?

——It was on the farm ________ we worked.(2007,山东)

A.that B.there C.which D.where

分析:强调句型在具体语境中的省略。通过对句子结构分析,我们不难发现对话中的第二句承接第一句,省略了that I got to know her。第二句中的we worked实际上是the farm的定语从句,故空格处要用where。

2. ——He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.

——When was _____?

——_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.(2007,浙江)

A. that; This B. this; It

C. it; This D. that; It

分析:在这一段对话中,第三句话中的when he was still in college是一个定语从句,修饰2000,其后承接第一句话,省去了that he got his first book published。

十.强调句型与主要相似结构比较

判断一个结构为It is/was+…+who/ that…的句式是否是强调句型,一个简易且十分有效的办法,就是把句子中的It is/was和that/who都去掉,然后再看句子的剩余部分能否组成一个完整的句子。如果能,原句就是一个强调句型,否则就不是。例:

It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.本句去掉It is, who后可转化成:The children are making so much noise in the garden.

(一)强调句型和It作形式主语引出主语从句的区别。试比较:

1. It is important that he should learn English well.

2. It was in only 10 minutes that they finished the difficult task.

第1句是It作形式主语引出主语从句;而第2句是强调句型

(二)强调句型与状语从句(尤其是when引导的状语从句)的区别。试比较:

1.It was three o’clock __________ he finished the difficult task.

2. It was at three o’clock ________ he finished the difficult task.

第1句是状语从句,空格处要用when;而第2句是强调句型,空格处要用that。

(三)It be+some time+ before…句型表示“过多久…才…”。

It be not+some time+ before…句型表示“不久就…” 例:

It was four years before they met again.过了四年他们才又见面。

It wasn’t long before they met again.不久他们就又见面。

He was told that it would be at least three more monthshe could recover and returnto work..(2007,江西)

A. when B. before C. since D. that

巩固练习:

1. It was there, the police believe, _______ she was able to activate the recorder she keeps in her bag.

A. until B. which C. that D. when

2. It was an exciting moment for these football fans

this year,_______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.

A.that B.while C.which D.when

3. It was not ________ she took off her dark glasses

________ I realized she was a famous film star.

A. when; that. B. until; that

C. until; when D. when; then

4.It was until October that they _____.

A. finished their long journey

B. paid off the debts

C. reached an agreement

D. worked on the project

5.On the contrary,I think it is Truman _______ you _______to blame.

A. more than; are B. less than; who are

C. rather than; that is D. rather than ;is

6. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert?

A. it you B. not you

C. you D. that yourself

7.It was _____ he said ______ disappointed me.

A. what; that B. that; what

C.what; what D. that; that

8. It was playing computer games ________ cost the boy plenty of time _______ he ought to have spent doing his lessons.

A. what;that B. that;that

C. which;that D. that;that

9. It was in the lab,_______ was taken charge of by Prof. Curie, _______ they did the experiment.

A. where; that B. that; that

C. which; that D. which; where

10.It was for this reason _____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A. which B. that C. why D. how

11.It is _______ he often breaks the school rules _______ makes his head teacher unsatisfied with him.

A. what; that B. that; what

C. that; that D. which; that

12.It was ______ I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.

A. many years that B. many years ago that

C. many years before D. many years when

1—4 CDBD 5—8 CAAD

9—12 CBCB◆

(作者单位:四川省三台中学)

作者:肖清奎

中学英语强调句型论文 篇2:

浅析高中英语里的强调句句型

摘 要: 强调句型是历年高考英语的热门考点之一,因其实用性强,形式灵活多变,极易与其他句型混淆,而受到命题者的青睐,也成为高中英语教学的一个重难点。本文对其各种句型进行仔细分析与归纳,促进学生更深入地理解句型。

关键词: 高中英语强调句 特殊句式 举例分析

一、强调句的基本结构形式

强调句型为:It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...

仔细观察以下句子并注意下划线部分。

Group 1: It is I who am to blame for the mistake.

It is they that are discussing the latest news.

Group 2: It is he that has ever been to America before.

It is him that they are looking for.

Group 3: It was in the park that they took many photos.

Group 4: It may be Mr.Smith who will be elected president.

It must have been you that took my umbrella yesterday.

小结:(1)强调句可以强调句子的主语,无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数,强调句中的be动词始终都是is/was,但是that(who)后面的从句中的谓语要与前面被强调的主语保持主谓一致。

(2)强调句可以强调句子的宾语。

(3)强调句可以强调句子的状语 。

(4)虽然强调句的基本句式万变不离其宗,摆脱不了it is/was, that/who 这一框架结构,但是有些时候强调句里的be动词会以其他形式出现在句子中,比如放在情态动词后表示一种语气或口吻。

注意:强调句除了可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语外,还可以对状语从句加以强调。

It was because he was seriously ill that he was absent from the important meeting.

这是由于他生了重病,昨天才没有出席这个重要会议。

It is not where you came from but what you have done that matters.

重要的不是你来自哪儿,而是你做了什么。

二、强调句的疑问句形式

1.强调句的一般疑问句形式:Is /was it +被强调部分+that(who)...

(1)——Was it by cutting down staff that she saved the firm? (save)

她是通过裁员拯救这家企业的吗?

——No, it was by improving working efficiency.

(2)Was it in 1945 __________________the man succeeded __________________finding his lost son?

A.when; on B. that; on C.when;in D. that ;in

簡析:通过观察以上句子我们不难看出,该题实际上是强调句的一般疑问句形式,故选择答案D。

(3) Could it be in the restaurant in __________________you had dinner with me yesterday __________________ you lost your keys?

A.that; which B. which; that C.where;that D. that ;where

简析:这是一个含有情态动词的强调句的一般疑问句形式。第一空所在的句子成分应该是一个定语从句,介词in 后面只可以用关系代词which;第二个空所在的部分应该是强调句型中的that从句,故选择答案B。

2.强调句的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/was +it + that...

____________________________________he managed to get the information? (it)

他是怎样得到这个信息的?

——Oh, a friend of him helped him.

哦,他的一个朋友帮了他。

简析:通过汉语意思我们可以得知,完成填空部分需要用到特殊疑问词how,结合强调句的特殊疑问句形式,可得出how+is/was +it + that...句型,再从“he managed to get the information”这一部分推断出,相应的事态应该为一般过去时,所以最终答案为How was it that

三、强调句的相似句型

观察下列句子以“it”开头的句子并做总结:

It is a pity that he didn’t attend the party yesterday.

It is five months since he arrived in New York.(since引导时间状语从句)

It ia high time that we take effective measures to deal with the matter.

It was not long before he worked out the difficult math problem.

It was seven o’clock when he reached the station.

It was at seven o’clock that he reached the station.

辨析:(1)it為形式主语,that引导主语从句。

(2)it is/has been+ 一段时间+since,引导时间状语从句,意为:距离某人……已经有多长时间了。

(3)It ia high time that...是一个固定句型,意为:该是某人做……的时候了。

(4)It was not long before...句型,before引导一个时间状语从句,意为:没过多久就……

(5)It is/was +时间点 +when ...句型,when在句中引导一个时间状语从句,意为:某市发生时正是……时候。

(6)It is /was +被强调部分(时间状语)+that...,是强调句句型。句中的that没有实际意义,此句跟句型(5)非常相似。

小结:区别强调句及与它类似句型的办法是:去掉句子中的it,be ,that之后,剩余部分若能组成一个完整通顺的、不缺任何成分的句子,那它就是一个强调句;反之,剩余部分若不能组成一个完整的句子,我们就要考虑它是否是其他特殊句型,例如例句(1)—(5)。

四.与强调句相关的高频考点

1.主谓一致。

(1)Is not who does it but why he does it __________________ (importance)

重要的不是谁做这件事,而是他为什么要做。

简析:这是强调句的另外一种句式:It is /was not...but...that...,意思是:不是……而是……that从句里的谓语应与but后的名词或代词保持一致。因此完整的答案应该为:that is of importance。

与之相似的句型还有It is/was ...not ...that ...,意思是:是……而不是……that从句里的谓语应与not前面的名词或代词保持一致。

如:It is the students not the teaher that are playing football.

(2)In my opinion, it is his measures rather than his ability __________________ (blame)

我认为,应该责备的不是他的能力而是他的措施。

简析:这是强调句的另外一种句式:It is /was ...rather than ...that...,意思是:是……而不是……that从句里的谓语应与rather than 前的名词或代词保持一致。因此完整的答案应该为:that are to blame。

2.“直到……才”。

(1)直到第三个周比赛才召开,因此有些孩子几乎失去了耐心。

普通句:The match didn’t begin until the third week, so some children nerely lost their patience.

倒装句 :Not until the the third week did the match begin, so some children nerely lost their patience.

强调句:It was not until the third week that the match began, so some children nearly lost their patience.

小结:“not...until”倒装句句型为:Not until ...助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+动词原形+其他;“not...until”强调句句型为:It ia/was not until... that...

(2) __________________ her sunglasses that I recognized she was a famous film star。

直到她取下太阳镜,我才认出来她是个著名影星。

简析:结合“not...until”强调句句型及句子中的“I recognized”,给予我们的事态暗示,可以得知此题的答案为:It was not until she took off 。

3.强调句的特殊疑问句用在宾语从句中。

(1)After the survivor came to himself, he wanted to know

__________________ that saved him from that burning house. (who)

那个生还者在苏醒之后,想知道是谁把他从燃烧的房子里救出来的。

简析:强调句的特殊疑问句形式为:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that...,初步得知答案可以写成who was it;但是名词性从句的连接词后面应该以陈述句语序展开句子,两种因素相结合,得知此题答案是 who it was。

(2)Please tell me __________________you found this book. (it)

请告诉我你是在哪里找到这本书的。

简析:用同上的思路可以得知,此题答案为 where it wast that。

4.强调句与定语从句结合,增强题目的迷惑性。

(1)It was in the town __________________that the writer got her idea.

这个女作家在她出生的小镇得到了灵感。

简析:从汉语的体制中我们可以得知,这个句子的主干为:这个女作家在小镇得到的灵感,题目是想强调地点状语。而“她出生的小镇”则是对哪个小镇进行修饰与限定。再次对照英文部分,我们可以知道,这个句子看似在考查定语从句,其实是在间接地考查强调句型,对强调句里的的被强调部分给予多重修饰与限定,以增强题目的迷惑性

(2)——Where did you come across Tom? 你在哪儿碰到汤姆的?

——It was in the library __________________ some days ago.

就在前幾天我们看过几本书的图书馆。

简析:这个题目乍一看,就给人一种很强烈的感觉就是:考点为强调句,于是很多学生都不假思索地在空格里填入that we read some books。但是,通过仔细观察汉语提示,我们会发现一些蛛丝马迹。上句是“在哪儿碰到汤姆的”,那么正确的答案应该是回答一个地方,回答的是“就在前几天我们看过几本书的图书馆”,简单一点说,就是“在图书馆”,而“前几天我们看过几本书的图书馆”则是对哪个图书馆进行了修饰语限定。其实,由于是一个对话,回答问题的人用了一个省略句,完整的回答应该是“就在前几天我们看过几本书的图书馆我碰到的汤姆”。真正的答案应该为where we read some books。在一定的上下文中,强调句型的某个部分可以省略。我们在做题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。

参考文献:

[1]吴莉.浅议“it”强调句型[J].青苹果,2008(03).

[2]杨红霞.强调句型应注意的问题[J].中学英语园地(教研版),2011(04).

[3]杜小红.从强调句的用法谈英语语法自主学习[J].海外英语,2011(06).

作者:朱媛媛

中学英语强调句型论文 篇3:

跟我学强调句型

强调句是中学英语中一个重要的句型,是人们为了更有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。人们在交际过程中,为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者恰当的理解,必须突出重要的内容,这就需要运用强调的手段。它也是高考命题的热点。因此掌握这一结构,把握高考命题特点,有助于更好地运用这一句型。对此本文作如下阐述。

一、对强调句型基本形式的考查

强调句型的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分”。在高考试题中,对强调句的考查主要体现在用它来强调句中的主语、宾语、状语或状语从句。把需要加强语气的部分放在“It is (was)”之后。如果被强调部分主语是人时,可用连词that 或who;如果被强调部分是物时,只能用连词that。一般来讲,原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来的某种时态,用“It is+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分”;如果原句谓语动词是过去的某种时态,则用“It was+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分”。

(1)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.

答案 that

解析 本题考查强调句型的基本结构,强调的是地点状语“at the hotel”,所以此空填that。

(2)But like so many other things,it is only too much stress does you harm.

答案 that

解析 本题考查强调句型的基本结构,强调的是句子的主语“only too much stress”指物,所以此空填that。

(3)It was when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

答案 that

解析 故判断此句是一个强调句,强调when we were returning home;强调句常用句型:It is (was)+被强调部分+that(who)… 。句意:正是在我回家的时候我才意识到,帮助别人于危难之时,那种感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B。

二、关于“not...until ”的特殊强调句型

这一特殊的强调结构是:It is (was) not until+时间状语或时间状语从句+that+句子的剩余部分。

【注意】 此句型只能用until,不能用till。但如果不是强调句型,till、until通常可通用;因为此句型中not已经前置,that后面要用肯定的陈述结构,切勿再用否定句。

Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century his musical gift was fully recognized.

答案 that

解析 此句是关于“not....until ”的强调句型,本句强调时间状语,所以此空填that。

三、强调句的疑问形式

(Ⅰ)一般疑问句:Is / was it+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分。

(Ⅱ)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/ was it+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分。此外,强调句型为疑问句时,that常省略。

(1)Was it because Jack came late for school Mr. Smith got angry??摇?摇

A.why?摇?摇 ?摇?摇B. who?摇?摇 ?摇?摇C. where ?摇?摇?摇?摇D. that

答案 that

解析 本题考查强调句的一般疑问句形式,强调句的基本结构“It is/was+被强调成分that/who+其他成分”,本题强调原因状语从句“because Jack came late for school”。所以此空填that。

(2) makes some people appear astonishingly youthful while others seem much older than their actual age?

A. Why it is that?摇 ?摇?摇 B. Why it is what?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇 C. What it is that ?摇 D. What is it that

解析 根据句法,问句中缺少主语,所以用疑问代词,而不能用疑问副词,然后对疑问代词进行强调,所以用“特殊疑问词+is/was it+被强调部分+that (who)+句子的剩余部分”这一句式。故选择D项。

四、含有疑问词的名词性从句中的强调句

名词性从句中嵌套的强调句,如果这个强调句强调的是从句的主语、宾语,并对这一被强调的成分进行提问,从句仍要用一般陈述句语序。

I just wonder that makes him so excited.

A. why it does?摇 ?摇?摇B. what it does?摇?摇?摇 ?摇 ?摇?摇C. how it is ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇D. what it is

解析 这个宾语从句中嵌套了一个强调句,这个强调句强调的是宾语从句的主语,然后又对强调的主语进行提问,从四个选项来看,只能用疑问代词what作从句主语,而why与how只能作状语,并且名词性从句要用一般陈述句语序。故选择D项。

五、强调句型的感叹句形式

强调句型的感叹句的句式特征为:what/ how... it is /was (that)+主语+谓语!用感叹句表示说话人强烈的感情色彩。

You can?蒺t imagine they were when they heard the news that the Chinese team won.

A. how it was excited?摇 ?摇?摇B. how excited it was?摇

C. how excited was it?摇 ?摇 D. it was how excited

解析 根据句法分析,imagine后接一个宾语从句,在这个宾语从句中,嵌套了由when引导的时间状语从句;imagine后接一个强调句型的感叹句形式的宾语从句,宾语从句还应用一般陈述句形式,中心词是形容词excited,所以用“How+adj.+it was (that)+主语+谓语”,that可以省略。故选择B项。

六、强调句的反义疑问句形式

强调句的反义疑问句应与前面保持一致。

It was Catherine and her friend who sent the old man to the hospital, ?

A. did they?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇B. didn?蒺t they?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇C. wasn?蒺t it?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇D. was it

解析 强调句的反义疑问句应与前面保持一致,前面是肯定形式,所以反义疑问句应用否定形式。故选择C项。

七、如何识别强调句型

对强调句型的识别也非常简单,如果把“it is/was”和“that /who”去掉,若能还原出句法结构完整的句子来,则为强调句型,否则就不是强调句型。同时,还要正确地区分强调句与时间状语从句、名词性从句以及定语从句之间的区别。

(1)It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.

A. that?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇 B. how?摇 ?摇 ?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇C. which?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇D. when

解析 去掉句中的It was和that,剩下“In New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith”,句意仍然完整,因此本句是强调句型。故选择A项。

(2)—Was it under the tree you were away talking to a friend?

—Sure. But when I got back there,the bike was gone.

A. that?摇?摇 B. where?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇 ?摇C. which?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇 D. while

解析 如果没有上下文,答案应选A,则此句就是一个强调句,强调的是地点状语“under the tree”。但根据上下文的语境,本句中it是代词,指代下文提到的the bike;根据句意,此句是由while引导的时间状语从句,句意:—当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候,你的自行车是在这树下吗?—当然,但当我回来时,自行车就不见了。故选择D项。

八、与强调句易混的句型

①when引导时间状语从句,在“It is/ was+具体的时间点+when...”这一结构中,主句中的it指时间,后接时间点,常译为“当……的时候,是什么时间”。②before引导时间状语从句的句型有:“it will not be...before...”与“it was not...before...”表示“没过多久就……”;而“it will be...before...”和“it was...before...”表示“过了多久/就/才……”。③“It is/has been+一段时间+since+从句(从句谓语动词用一般过去时)”与“It was/had been+一段时间+since从句(从句谓语动词用过去完成时)”表示“自从……以来多长时间了或出现了某种状态”,注意:如果since从句中的谓语动词为瞬时动词,则译为“自从……以来多长时间了”;如果从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词,则译为“不做……多长时间了”。④“It/This/That is+次数+that...”表示“这/那是某人第几次做某事”,这是个主语从句,从句谓语用现在完成时。⑤“It is (about/high) time+that-clause”表示“该是某人做某事时候了”,从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用过去式或should do,should不可省略。

①It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

答案 when

解析 句意是:当我的父亲把我叫醒并我告诉我看足球赛的时候,那时在半夜。在“It+is/ was+具体的时间点+when...”这一结构中,主句中的it指时间,由when来引导这个时间状语从句。常译为“当…的时候,是什么时间”。所以此空填when。

②John thinks it won?蒺t be long he is ready for his new job.

答案 before

解析 此句是由“before”引导的时间状语从句,构成“It(won?蒺t)be+时间段+状语从句”,意为“没过多久就……”。所以此空填before。

③I?蒺m sorry you?蒺ve been waiting so long,but it?蒺ll still be some time Brian get back.

答案 before

解析 此句是由before引导的时间状语从句,构成“It will be/was+一段时间+before……”,主句中的谓语动词用肯定式时,意思是“……多久后(某人)才……”。所以此空填before。

④As it reported,it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.

A. when?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇 B. before?摇?摇 C. after?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇 D. since

答案 since

解析 根据主从句中用的时态,主句中的years是一段时间,然而它修饰的谓语动词was founded却是一个终止性动词,这显然用的是“It is / was+一段时间+since……”这一句型。since与终止性动词连用,表示“自……以来已有多长时间”。本句中was founded却是一个终止性动词,从动作发生时算起;句意是“正如所报道的,自从清华大学建校已有100年时间了”。所以此空填since。

⑤Jack is a great talker. It?蒺s high time that he (do) something instead of just talking.

A. will do?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇B. has done?摇 ?摇C. do?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇D. did

答案 did/ should do

解析 在句型“It?蒺s high/ about time that...”中,从句中的谓语动词用过去式或“should do”,但should不可省略。所以此空填did/ should do。

⑥—Have you ever been to Chongqing?

—No. It is the first time that I (visit) this beautiful city.

答案 have visited

解析 在句型“It is+次数+that...”表示“这/那是某人第几次做某事”,这是个主语从句,主句谓语用一般现在时,从句谓语用现在完成时。

⑦—Where did you get to know her?

—It was on the farm we worked. ?摇?摇

答案 where

解析 乍一看答语是个强调句型,其实本题考查的是定语从句。根据上下文的语境,答语是一个省略了的强调句,可补为“It was on the farm we worked that I got to know her”;而这个被强调的地点状语“on the farm”后接一个定语从句,先行词是farm,从句基本句意完整,所以用关系副词where。

九、对谓语动词的强调

“It is/ was...that/who...”结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,可以将助动词“do/ does/ did+动词原形”用于肯定句来表示强调。

If you have a job, yourself to it and finally you?蒺ll succeed.

A. do devote?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇B. don?蒺t devote?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇?摇?摇C. devoting?摇?摇?摇?摇 ?摇?摇D. not devoting

解析 在If引导的条件状语从句的主句中,是一个由and引导的并列句,即考查:祈使句+and+一般陈述句;而第一个分句又是一个祈使句,又借助助动词do来表示强调,故选择A项。?荨

作者:吴元培

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