第一篇：江苏高中英语课文原文
高中英语课文原文
英文的文章是不很难去理解，下面就由小编为大家整理高中英语课文原文，欢迎大家查看!
必修一 Unit
1Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne
第一单元 友谊Reading 安妮最好的
朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢?安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把
日记当成她最好的朋友。 安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿，现在，来看看她的
心情吧。 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变。 比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚 令人伤心的是我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐： 我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处很好，我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮助。我们成非常好的朋友。可是，其他同学却开始在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢? Reading and writing 尊敬的编辑： 我是苏州高中的一名
学生。我有一个难题，我不太善于同人们交际。虽然我的确试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但是我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议，我会非常感激的。
Unit
2the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.
English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.
第二单元 世界上的
英语 Reading 通向现代英语之路 16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都
生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子： 英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓(flat)里来看看，好吗?” 美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓(apartment)去。” 那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢?事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语。因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居者大大丰富英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到19世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语。 最后，到20世纪，英语才真正定形。那时，英语在拼写上发生两大变化：首先，塞缪尔·约翰逊编写词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂《美国英语词典》，后者体现美国英语拼写的不同特色。 现在，英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来说。比如说，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。在那期间，英语成官方语言和教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。
目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。事实上，中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗?这只能由时间来回答。 Using Language 标准英语和方言 什么是标准英语?是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗?信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语，这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。 当人们用不同于“标准语言”的词语时，那就叫做方言。美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美国有些地区，即使是相邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同。美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为美国人是来自世界各地的缘故。 地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言随着带去。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。美国是一个使用多种方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
Unit
3Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too. After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning our schedule for the trip. I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. She can be really stubborn. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper way is always her way. I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?”
I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet. Of course she hadn’t; my sister doesn’t care about details. So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look -- the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in. Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.第三单元
游记Reading 沿湄公河而下的旅程 第一部分梦想与计划 我的名字叫王坤。从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车
旅行。两年前，她买一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买一辆(山地车)。去年她去看望我们的表兄弟——在昆明读大学的刀卫和宇航。他们是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近澜沧江的地方长大，湄公河在中国境内的这一段叫澜沧江，在其他国家(境内)叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也对骑车旅游产生兴趣。大学毕业以后，我们终于有机会骑自行车旅行。我问我姐姐：“我们要去哪儿?”首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。 我很喜欢我姐姐，但是她有一个很严重的缺点。她有时确实很固执。尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。于是，我就知道这个尽善尽美的方式总是她的方式。
我不停地问她，“我们什么时候出发?什么时候回来?”我还问她是否看过地图。当然她并没有看过——我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。于是，我告诉她，湄公河的源头在青海省。她给我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。我说，我们的旅行将从5, 000多米的高地出发，这时她似乎显得很兴奋。当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。我非常解我的姐姐，她一旦下决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步。 在我们旅行前的几个月，王薇和我去图书馆。我们找到一本大型地图册，里面有一些世界地理的明细图。我们从图上可以看到，湄公河发源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它开始快速流动。它穿过深谷时就变成急流，流经云南西部。有时，这条江形成瀑布，进入宽阔的峡谷。我们俩惊奇地发现这条河有一半是在中国境内。当流出中国，流出高地之后，湄公河就变宽，变暖，河水也变成黄褐色。而当它进入东南亚以后，流速减缓，河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中国南海。 Using Language 夜晚的西藏山景 第二部分山中一宿 虽然是秋天，但是西藏已经开始下雪。我们的腿又沉又冷，感觉就像大冰块。你看到过雪人骑自行车吗?我们看上去就像那样。一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的
孩子们停下来看着我们。下午晚些时候，我们发现由于天冷我们的水壶都冻上。然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。像往常一样，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿。上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周，(眼前的)景色让我们感到惊奇，我们似乎能看到几百里以外的地方。在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，彷佛骑车穿越云层。然后我们开始下山，这非常有趣，特别是天气逐渐变得暖和多。在山谷里，五彩斑斓的蝴蝶翩翩飞舞在我们身旁，我们还看到牦牛和羊群在吃草。这时，我们不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和长裤脱掉，换成T恤衫和短裤。 一到傍晚，我们通常就停下来宿营，(于是)，我们先把帐篷支起来，然后吃饭。晚饭后，王薇把头放在枕头上就睡觉，而我却醒着。半夜里，天空变得清朗，星星更亮。(夜晚)非常安静——几乎没有风，只有篝火的火焰和我们做伴。当我躺在星空下，我想着我们已经走多远。 我们很快就要到达云南的大理。在那里，我们的表兄弟刀卫和宇航将加入我们的行列。我们迫不及待地想要见到他们!
第二篇：逍遥游高中课文原文翻译
《逍遥游》是《庄子》的首篇，在思想上和艺术上都可作为《庄子》一书的代表。《逍遥游》的主题是追求一种绝对自由的人生观，作者认为，只有忘却物我的界限，达到无己、无功、无名的境界，无所依凭而游于无穷，才是真正的“逍遥游”。以下是小编整理的逍遥游高中课文原文翻译，欢迎阅读!
《逍遥游》原文全文：
北冥有鱼，其名为鲲。鲲之大，不知其几千里也。化而为鸟，其名为鹏。鹏之背，不知其几千里也，怒而飞，其翼若垂天之云。是鸟也，海运则将徙于南冥。南冥者，天池也。《齐谐》者，志怪者也。《谐》之言曰：“鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里，去以六月息者也。”野马也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也。天之苍苍，其正色邪?其远而无所至极邪?其视下也，亦若是则已矣。且夫水之积也不厚，则其负大舟也无力。覆杯水于坳堂之上，则芥为之舟;置杯焉则胶，水浅而舟大也。风之积也不厚，则其负大翼也无力。故九万里，则风斯在下矣，面后乃今培风;背负青天而莫之夭阏者，而后乃今将图南。
蜩与学鸠笑之曰：“我决起而飞，抢榆枋而止，时则不至，而控于地而已矣，奚以之九万里而南为?”适莽苍者，三餐而反，腹犹果然;适百里者宿舂粮，适千里者，三月聚粮。之二虫又何知?
小知不及大知，小年不及大年。奚以知其然也?朝菌不知晦朔，蟪蛄不知春秋，此小年也。楚之南有冥灵者，以五百岁为春，五百岁为秋。上占有大椿者，以八千岁为春，八千岁为秋。而彭祖乃今以久特闻，众人匹之。不亦悲平!
汤之问棘也是已：“穷发之北有冥海者，天池也。有鱼焉，其广数千里，未有知其修者，其名为鲲。有鸟焉，其名为鹏。背若泰山，翼若垂天之云。抟扶摇羊角而上者九万里，绝云气，负青天，然后图南，且适南冥也，斥鹅笑之曰：‘彼且奚适也?我腾跃而上，不过数仞而下，翱翔蓬蒿之间，此亦飞之至也。面彼且奚适也?’”此小大之辩也。
故夫知效一官，行比一乡，德合一君而征一国者，其自视也，亦若此矣。而宋荣子犹然笑之。且举世而誉之而不加劝，举世而非之而不加沮，定乎内外之分，辩乎荣辱之境，斯已矣。彼其于世，未数数然也。虽然，犹有未树也。夫列子御风而行，泠然善也。旬有五日而后反。彼于致福者，未数数然也。此虽免乎行，犹有所待者也。若夫乘天地之正，而御六气之辩，以游无穷者，彼且恶乎待哉?故曰：至人无己，神人无功，圣人无名。
《逍遥游》原文全文译文：
北海有条鱼，它的名字叫做鲲。鲲很大，不知道它有几千里。变化成为鸟，它的名字叫做鹏。鹏的背脊，不知道有几千里，振翅飞翔起来，它的翅膀像天边垂下的云彩。这只鸟，海动时就将迁移到南海，南海是天然的大水池。《齐谐》这部书，是记载怪异事物的。《齐谐》的记载说：“大鹏迁移到南海去的时候，翅膀在水面上拍击，激起三千里的浪花，乘着旋风飞上九万里的高空，凭借着六月的大风离开。山野中的雾气，空气中的尘埃，都是生物用气息互相吹拂的结果。天空颜色深蓝，这是它真正的颜色呢?还是因为它太远而没有尽头以致看不清楚呢?大鹏从高空往下看，也不过像这样罢了。再说水聚积得不深，那么它负载大船就会浮力不足。在堂上低洼处倒一杯水，那么只有小草可以作为它的船;在那里放只杯子就会着地，这是水太浅但是船太大的缘故。风聚积得不大，那么它负载巨大的翅膀就会力量不足。所以大鹏飞到九万里的高空，风就在下面了，然后才开始乘风飞翔;背驮着青天，没有什么东西阻拦它，然后才能计划着向南飞。
蝉和学鸠笑话它说：“我一下子起来就飞，碰上树木就停下来，有时候飞不到，也就是落在地上罢了，哪里用得着飞上九万里的高空再向南飞那样远呢?”到郊外去旅行的人，一天的时间就返回来，肚子还是饱饱的;到百里外去旅行的人，出发前一天晚上就要捣米储食;到千里外去旅行的人，出发前三个月就要储备干粮。这两只飞虫又懂得什么呢?
智慧少的比不上智慧多的，寿命短的比不上寿命长的。根据什么知道这些是如此的呢?朝菌不知道一月的时间变化，蟪蛄不知道一年的时间变化，这是寿命短的。楚国南部生长一种叫冥灵的树，把五百年当做春天，五百年当做秋天，古代有一种叫大椿的树把八千年当做春天，吧八千年当做秋天。现在彭祖独以长寿著名，一般人和他相比，不也很可悲吗!
商汤问他的大夫棘，是这样。北极地带的北部有个海，是个天然的大水池。有鱼生长在那里，鱼身的宽度达到几千里，没有人能知道它的长度，它的名字叫做鲲。有鸟生长在那里，它的名字叫做鹏，背像泰山，翅膀像天边垂下的云彩。乘着旋风飞上九万里的高空，穿过云层，背驮着青天，然后计划着向南飞，将要飞往南海。斥鷃笑话它说：‘它将要飞到哪里去呢?我向上跳跃，不超过几丈就落下来，在飞蓬和青蒿之间飞翔，这也是飞翔的最高限度，可是它将要飞到哪里去呢?”这就是小和大的分别。
所以那些才智足以胜任一官之职，品行可以联合一乡之人，道德可使一位君主满意，能力使一国的人信任，他们看待自己，也像这样罢了。宋荣子笑话这样的人，再说宋荣子只是做到了所有当代的人称誉他也不会更受到鼓励，所有当代的人责难他也不会更感到沮丧，能确定物我的分别，明辨荣辱的界限，如此而已。他对于世俗的名誉，没有拼命追求。虽然如此，还有没树立的东西。列子驾着风游行，轻妙极了。十五天后才回到地上来。他对于求福的事情，没有拼命追求。这样做虽然免掉了步行，但还是有所凭借。至于乘着天地的正气，驾驭阴、阳、风、雨、晦、田的变化，来漫游于无穷无尽的空间和时间之中，那种人还依靠什么呀!所以说：道行达到最高峰的人就没有“我”，修养达到神化不测境界的人不求功利，圣明的人不求成名。
第三篇：高中课文《项脊轩志》原文及翻译
《项脊轩志》是明代文学家归有光的名篇,文章借项脊轩的兴废，写与之有关的家庭琐事，表达人亡物在，三世变迁的感慨，也表达作者怀念祖母、母亲和妻子的感情,下面是高中课文《项脊轩志》原文及翻译，我们一起来学习一下吧！
高中课文《项脊轩志》原文及翻译
原文
项脊轩，旧南阁子也。室仅方丈，可容一人居。百年老屋，尘泥渗（shèn）漉（lù），雨泽下注；每移案，顾视无可置者。又北向，不能得日，日过午已昏。余稍为修葺（qì），使不上漏。前辟四窗，垣墙周庭，以当南日，日影反照，室始洞然。又杂植兰桂竹木于庭，旧时栏楯（shǔn），亦遂增胜。借书满架，偃仰啸歌，冥然兀坐，万籁有声；而庭阶寂寂，小鸟时来啄食，人至不去。三五之夜，明月半墙，桂影斑驳，风移影动，珊珊可爱。
然余居于此，多可喜，亦多可悲。先是,庭中通南北为一。迨（dài）诸父异爨（cuàn），内外多置小门，墙往往而是。东犬西吠，客逾庖（páo）而宴，鸡栖于厅。庭中始为篱，已为墙，凡再变矣。家有老妪（yù）， 尝居于此。妪，先大母婢也，乳二世，先妣（bǐ）抚之甚厚。室西连于中闺，先妣尝一至。妪每谓余曰：“某所，而母立于兹。”妪又曰：“汝姊（zǐ）在吾怀，呱呱（gū）而泣；娘以指叩门扉曰：‘儿寒乎？欲食乎？’吾从板外相为应答。”语未毕， 余泣，妪亦泣。余自束发读书轩中，一日，大母过余曰：“吾儿，久不见若影，何竟日默默在此，大类女郎也？”比去，以手阖门，自语曰：“吾家读书久不效，儿之成，则可待乎！”顷之，持一象笏（hù）至，曰：“此吾祖太常公宣德间执此以朝，他日汝当用之！”瞻顾遗迹，如在昨日，令人长号不自禁。
轩东故尝为厨，人往，从轩前过。余扃（jiōng）牖（yǒu）而居，久之，能以足音辨人。轩凡四遭火，得不焚，殆有神护者。
项脊生曰：“蜀清守丹穴，利甲天下，其后秦皇帝筑女怀清台；刘玄德与曹操争天下，诸葛孔明起陇中。方二人之昧昧于一隅也，世何足以知之，余区区处败屋中，方扬眉、瞬目，谓有奇景。人知之者，其谓与坎井之蛙何异？”
余既为此志，后五年，吾妻来归，时至轩中，从余问古事，或凭几学书。 吾妻归宁，述诸小妹语曰：“闻姊家有阁子，且何谓阁子也？”其后六年，吾妻死，室坏不修。其后二年，余久卧病无聊，乃使人复葺南阁子，其制稍异于前。然自后余多在外，不常居。
庭有枇杷树，吾妻死之年所手植也，今已亭亭如盖矣。
注释
1、轩：窗，引申为有窗的小室。
2、旧：旧日的，原来的。
3、方丈：一丈见方。
4、尘泥渗漉 ：从小孔慢慢漏下。渗，透过。漉，漏下。
5、雨泽下注：下，往下。 雨泽：雨水。
6、案：几案，桌子。
7、顾视：环看四周。
8、不能得日：得日，照到阳光。
9、日过午已昏：昏，光线不明。
10、修葺：修缮、修理。
11、辟：开。
12、垣墙周庭：庭院四周砌上围墙。垣，矮墙，也泛指墙。周庭，把院子四周围住。
13、当：抵挡。
14、洞然：透明敞亮。
15、栏楯：栏杆。
16、增胜：增添了光彩。
17、偃仰：俯仰，这里指安居，休息，形容生活悠然自得。偃，仰卧。
18、啸歌：长吟或吟唱。这里指吟咏文，显示豪放自若。啸，口里发出长而清越的声音。
19、冥然兀坐：静静地独自端坐着。兀坐，端坐。
20、万籁有声：一切声音都能听到。万籁，指自然界的一切声响。籁，孔穴里发出的声音，也指一般的声响。
21、三五之夜：农历每月十五的夜晚。
22、珊珊：形容衣裾玉佩的声音，引申为美好的样子。
23、束发：古代男孩成童时束发为髻，束发指儿童时代。
24、迨(dài)诸父异爨（cuàn）：等到伯、叔们分了家。迨，及，等到。诸父，伯父、叔父的统称。异爨，分灶做饭，意思是分了家。
25、往往：指到处，处处。
26、东犬西吠：东家的狗对着西家的狗叫。意思是分家后，狗把原住同一庭院的人当作陌生人。
27、逾庖而宴：越过厨房而去吃饭。庖，厨房
28、已：已而，随后不久。
29、凡再变矣：凡，总共。再，两次。
30、竟日：一天到晚。竟，从头到尾。
31、相为应答：对她作出回答。
32、阖（hé）：关闭。
33、扃(jiōng)牖(yǒu)：扃，关闭。牖，窗户。
34、瞻顾遗迹：回忆旧日事物。瞻顾，泛指看，有瞻仰、回忆的意思。
35、殆：大概，表示揣测的语气。修葺：修缮，修理。
36、来归：嫁到我家来。归，女子出嫁。
37、凭几学术：伏在几上学写字。几，小或矮的桌子。
38、归宁：出嫁的女儿回娘家省亲。
39、制：指建造的格式和样子。
40、手植：亲手种植。
41、亭亭如盖：高高挺立，树冠像车盖一样。
42、制：规制，格局。
43、老妪：老年妇女
44、先大母：已故的祖母。大母：祖母
45 、先妣：已故的母亲
46，中闺：指内室
47. 阁子:小的房室
翻译
项脊轩，是过去的南阁楼。屋里仅仅一丈见方，只可容纳一个人居住。这是已有上百年的老屋子，(屋顶墙上的)泥土从上边漏下来，雨水也往下流；每当移动书桌时，左看右看没有可以安放的地方。又朝北，不能照到阳光，天一过中午就已经昏暗。我稍稍修理了一下，使它不从上面漏土漏雨。前面开了四扇窗子，院子四周砌 上围墙，用来挡住南面射来的日光，日光反照，室内才明亮起来。又在庭院里错杂地种上兰花、桂树、竹子等，往日的栏杆，也就增加了新的光彩。书籍摆满了书架，我安居室内，吟诵诗文，有时又静静地独自端坐，听到自然界各种各样的声音；庭院、阶前却静悄悄的，小鸟不时飞下来啄食,人到它前面去也不离开。十五的夜晚，明月高悬，照亮半截墙壁，桂树的影子交杂错落，微风吹来，花影摇动，很是可爱。
然而我住在这里，有许多值得高兴的事，也有许多值得悲伤的事。 在这以前，庭院南北相通成为一体。等到伯父叔父们分了家，在室内外设置了许多小门和墙壁，到处都是。东家的狗对着西家叫，客人得越过厨房去吃饭，鸡在厅堂里栖息。庭院中开始是篱笆隔开，然后又砌成了墙，一共变了两次。家中有个老婆婆，曾经在这里居住过。这个老婆婆，是我死去的祖母的婢女，给两代人喂过奶，先母 对她很好。房子的西边和内室相连，先母曾经常常来。老婆婆常常对我说：“这个地方，你母亲曾经站在这儿。”老婆婆又说：“你姐姐在我怀中，呱呱地哭泣； 你母亲用手指敲着房门说：‘孩子是冷呢?还是想吃东西呢?’我隔着门一一回答。”话还没有说完，我就哭起来，老婆婆也流下了眼泪。我从十五岁起就在轩内读书，有一天，祖母来看我，说：“我的孩子，好久没有见到你的身影了，为什么整天默默地呆在这里，真像个女孩子呀?”等到离开时，用手关上门，自言自语地说：“我们家读书长久没有得到功效，这孩子长大，就可以有指望了呀!”不一会，拿着一个象笏过来，说：“这是我祖父太常公宣德年间拿着去朝见皇帝用的，以后你会用到它!”回忆起旧日这些事情，就好像发生在昨天一样，真让人忍不住放声大哭。
项脊轩的东边曾经是厨房，人们到那里去，必须从轩前经过。我关着窗子住在里面，时间长了，能够根据脚步声辨别是谁。项脊轩一共遭过四次火灾，能够不被焚毁，大概是有神灵在保护着吧。
我说：“蜀国的寡妇清继承并守住了朱砂矿，利润天下第一。后来秦朝皇帝为她建造了怀青台。刘备与曹操争夺天下，诸葛亮从隆中起家，当诸葛亮和清在角落不被人知道的时候，世人怎么能够知道他们两？我渺小地在项脊轩，正扬起眉毛眼睛一睁一闭，以为会有奇特的景象，知道这种情况的人认为我和浅井的青蛙有什么区别。
我已经作了这篇志，过了五年，我的妻子嫁到我家来，她时常来到轩中，向我问一些旧时的事情，有时伏在桌旁学写字。我妻子回娘家探亲，回来转述她的小妹妹们的话说：“听说姐姐家有个小阁楼，那么，什么叫阁子呢?”这以后六年，我的妻子去世，项脊轩破败没有整修。又过了两年，我很长时间生病卧床无事可干，就派人再次 修缮南阁子，格局跟过去稍有不同。然而此后我多在外边，不常住在这里。
庭院中有一株枇杷树，是我妻子去世那年亲手种植的，现在已经高高挺立，枝叶繁茂像伞一样了。
第四篇：牛津高中英语M1U2两篇 课文原文
Module 1 Unit2学案
M1U2 Reading---- Home Alone
Act one
Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter.
Dad: It’s so nice to be home!
Mom: Yes, I can’t wait to surprise the boys!
Suddenly a door opens and a soccer ball flies through the room. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.
Eric: Mom! Dad! You’re back early! (looking around room, sounding frightened) But, but--- you weren’t supposed to come home until tomorrow!
The dog slowly walks to Mom and Dad.
Mom: (bending to touch dog) Eric, he’s so tired and hungry! (looking at table) The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone, but Spot looks so hungry! What did you do with the money we left?
Dad: And look at the room --- garbage all over the place! Where is your brother? (shouting angrily) Daniel!
Daniel: (running into room) Mom, Dad, I can explain---
Dad opens the curtains and light comes into the room. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.
Mom and Dad both turn towards Daniel.
Dad: (sounding very angry) Listen to me, young man---- we left you in charge! We thought you could act like an adult, but look at the mess. I don’t know why the house is so dirty---
Mom: Daniel, we thought you were an adult, a person who would make good decisions…….Dad: How can we trust you any more? We won’t tolerate such behavior in our house!
Daniel: ( shouting) Stop shouting at me. I’m still a teenager! Why is everything always my fault?Daniel runs into his bedroom and shuts the door angrily. Mom and Dad look at each other as lights go out.
Act two, scene one
Daniel and Eric’s bedroom. Eric sits on his bed. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.Daniel: They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. I hate them!
Eric: You don’t hate them. I can tell them we had an emergency. Then they won’t be mad anymore.
Daniel: No, don’t tell them anything. Anyhow,they didn’t trust me. They don’t deserve an explanation . Let them think what they want.
1 黑发不知勤学早，白发方悔读书迟——颜真卿
Eric: But Daniel, if they knew that Spot was sick and we used the money to take him to the clinic---
Daniel: And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him and that is why we had no time to clean the house --- but no Eric, why didn’t they ask me what happened instead of shouting at me?Act two, scene two
Mom: Do you think we were too hard on Daniel? Perhaps there’s a reason why the house is a mess…..
Dad: Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he won’t respect us.
Mom: Oh, why does this have to be so difficult?
Mom sighs.
End of act two.
M1U2 Project ---Growing pains
Many teenagers feel lonely, as if no one understands them and the changes they are going
through. Day by day, everything seems different, yet the same. Life never seems to be going fast enough; yet, in other ways, like a race car, life seems to be rushing too fast and even going out of control. Has anyone else ever felt this way?
These feelings are a common part of adolescence—the time of life between child and adult. And, though it may sometimes be difficult to believe, you are not alone—every adult has gone through adolescence, and your friends are going through it right now along with you. It is common for teenagers to feel lonely and misunderstood. These feelings can be thought of as growing pains—the difficulties that teenagers face as they grow to adults.
As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to become confused with the changing world both inside and outside of them. During adolescence, teenagers go through great physical changes. They grow taller and their voices get deeper, among many other developments.
Along with these physical changes, there come many psychological changes. Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard. Many boys become risk-takers—they want to find their own
limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behavior. At the same time, girls often want someone –anyone –to talk todeal with their strong feelings.
In the social world, as teenagers get older, they struggle to depend on themselves. They may badly want and need their parents’ love, yet feel distant; they may want to be part of the group, yet
desire independence. Since teenagers have difficulty balancing these needs, they often question who they are and how they fit in society.In the end everything turns out OK—the teenager becomes a healthy adult, and this period of change and challenge is traded for the changes and challenges of grown-up life.
第五篇：剑桥国际少儿英语课文原文Unit 7 Wild animals
Unit 7 Wild animals 重点语音
词汇：crocodile, elephant, hippo, giraffe, snake, tiger, animal, arm, leg, tail, foot/feet, hand, Cassandra cat 句型：They’ve got ….
They haven’t got …
Have they got ….?
How many … have they got? 发音：、/k/ 复习：面部和身体，宠物，家庭，形容词，介词。玩具。教室物品，They’re crocodiles. They’re long and green and they’ve got big mouths and long tails. How many teeth have they got? They’ve got a lot of teeth. Have they got long legs?
No, they haven’t. they’ve got short legs and feet. Look at the snakes. They’ve got no legs and no feet.
Look at the elephants. They’re big and grey. They’ve got very big ears, long noses and short tails. 颜色，数字，人物和玩具的名字，课堂用语。 Programme, funny, I don’t know, monkey 情景对话
Listen and point. Let’s play n animal game, Suzy! Ok, Simon. What’s this animal? It’s a big cat. It’s orange and black. That’s easy. It’s a tiger. Yes. Very good. What now? This animal is big and grey. It’s a hippo. No, it’s big and grey with a long nose. It’s an elephant. Ok. Ok. What’s brown and yellow with a small head? Is it a monkey? No, it isn’t. I know! It’s a giraffe. Yes, very good. Ok. What’s this? It’s long ang green and …Er, is it a snake? Hah! No, it isn’t. This animal is big, long, green and … I know! I know! It’s a crocodile. Yup! Now it’s my turn. What’s this? It’s small and white with red hair and a big mouth. Er, I don’t know. What animal’s that, Suzy! It’s a Simon! Ha! Ha! Ha! Very funny, Suzy. Thank you.
Listen and point. Toys in the toy box, Come alive. Walk and walk, On the count of five. What have you got there, Trevor? I’ve got a book on animals. Look at these monkeys. They’re funny. Yes, they’ve got long arms and big hands. Ooohh. What are they?
Hmmm. Elephants. They’re my favourite animals. 歌谣
Say the chant.
Tiger, elephant, hippo, snake, Giraffe and crocodile. Tiger, elephant, hippo, snake, Giraffe and crocodile. 歌曲
Sing the song.
Animals, animals, big and small, Animals, animals, short and tall. Animals, animals, dirty and clean, Animals, animals, brown and green. Come on, children, sing along, Sing and move to the animal song.
Let’s all do the hippo show, Let’s all do the hippo show, Let’s all do the hippo show, Move your hands and feet. Let’s all do the elephant dance, Let’s all do the elephant dance, Let’s all do the elephant dance, Move your arms and legs. Let’s all do the snake shake, Move your head and tail. Let’s all do the crocodile smile, Let’s all do the crocodile smile, Let’s all do the crocodile smile, Show your big white teeth. Let’s all do the giraffe laugh, Let’s all do the giraffe laugh, Let’s all do the giraffe laugh, Open your big clean mouth. 语音
Say it with Monty.
Cassandra cat Cassandra cat Car, computer, crocodile, cat Car, computer, crocodile, cat 故事
Listen to the story. Toys in the toy box, Come alive. Walk and walk, On the count of five. One, two, three, four, five. Animal animal, big and small. Animal animals, short and tall. Help! Help, Maskman! Look at these snakes. They’re long and ugly and they’ve got two long teeth. I’m here, Marie. I’ve got the snakes. Snakes have got two long teeth, but I’ve got two big arms. Ooohh, Maskman, thank you. You’re a superhero! Help! Help! Help! Maskman! Look at these crocodiles. They’ve got big mouths … and they’ve got a lot of teeth. I’m here, Trevor. I’ve got the crocodiles. Crocodiles have got big mouths and a lot of teeth, but I’ve got long legs and big hands. Ooohhh, Maskman, thank you. You’re a superhero. Help! Help! Look at these elephants! They’re very big .. and they’ve got verybig feet. Aaagghh! I’m here, Maskman! Elephants are very big and they’ve got very big feet, but I’m a mouse … and I’m very small. Thank you, Monty. You’re a small mouse, but you’re a big hero.