大学英语四级作文：书信（精选6篇）
大学英语四级作文：书信 第1篇
http:///cet46/ 年大学英语四级作文书信写作格式
今天，小编为大家介绍一下英语四级应用文的写作格式与相关句型，希望对备考四级的考生有帮助。
1.信息点的覆盖2.内容的组织 3.语言的准确性 4.格式 5.语域的恰当
课程内容：
1.写作格式2.书信结构3.套语汇总
1.写作格式
1.1 顶格式写法
Dear XXX，xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Yours sincerely，Liming
1.2 空格式写法
Dear XXX，xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Yours sincerely，Liming
http:///cet46/ 2.书信结构
2.1 称呼2.2 正文 2.3 结束语2.4 签名及落款
2.1 称呼
(1)正式的称呼--收信人是某个领导或者是上司
Dear Mr.XXX或者Dear Ms.XXX
(2)不正式的称呼--收信人是朋友或者熟人
Dear +given name
2.2 正文
1)7~10个句子;3~5个关联词;3~5个从句
2)第一段：2句;自我介绍+表明目的 第二段：3~6句;解释说明+具体阐述
第三段：2句;表示感谢+期盼回信
2.3 结束语
(1)写给团体、组织、机构： Yours faithfully，(2)写给老板、上司、老师：Yours sincerely，(3)写给好朋友，熟人等等：Kind regards, Best wishes，http:///cet46/ 2.4 签名及落款：永远的“李明”
3.套语汇总
3.1 求职信;3.2 感谢信;3.3 投诉信;3.4 咨询信
3.5 邀请信;3.6 道歉信;3.7 建议信
扫头扫尾
1.开头段
2.结尾段
告知对方你的身份
“我是…”或“我的名字叫…”
I am … or My name is …=> This letter comes to you from a student named …
(1)致谢
如何表示“感谢，感激”?
Thanks=> Appreciate;Be Grateful to sb.for doing sth.;We were deeply touched by …
A Letter Declining a Job Offer
http:///cet46/ 垃圾：Thank you very much for your letter of invitation to work at you company.Thank you very much for your kind words about me.Thank you very much for the time you take to consider me and write to me.精品：I am very grateful to you for your letter of invitation to work at your company.I am deeply touched by your kind words regarding me, and I do appreciate that you took the time to consider and correspond with me.(2)抱怨
I wish to make a complaint about …
I am afraid I have got a complaint about …
(3)询问
I would like some detailed information on…
I would like to obtain some information about…
(4)致歉
I am terribly sorry that…
I apologize for doing sth.表示“告诉某人某事”?
Tell =>Convey;Inform;Explain;Express;Extend
http:///cet46/ 万能句式：
(1)I am writing to you to express my(宾语)…
(2)The purpose of my letter is to convey my(宾语)…
(3)The reason why I write this letter is to extend my(宾语)...感谢，不满，歉意，邀请 …
Gratitude WonderDissatisfaction Apology Invitation
万能句式：
(1)I am writing to you to express my gratitude …
(2)The purpose of my letter is to convey my dissatisfaction…
(3)The reason why I write this letter is to extend my apology…
A Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper
我想表达我对一家书店服务的不满。
① I am writing to convey my dissatisfaction about the poor service of a bookstore.② The purpose of my letter is to express my dissatisfaction with the poor service of a bookstore.http:///cet46/ ③ The reason why I write this letter is to extend my dissatisfaction with the poor service of a bookstore to you.2.结尾段
(1)表示感谢(2)提出要求(3)期盼回信
(1)表示感谢的句型
① 我对您能读我这封信的感激之情无以言表。
Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you for reading through this letter.② 谢谢您有耐心读我这封信。
I am profoundly grateful for your patience to read through this letter.(2)表示要求的句型
① 我希望你能考虑一下我地投诉并不要让其再一次发生。
I hope that you would take my complaint into consideration and exhaust every effort to prevent it from recurrence.② 我真诚地希望你能站在我的角度想想并接受我的道歉。
I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apology.http:///cet46/(3)表示期待的句型
① 期待你对这一问题给予足够地关注和恰当地解决。
I am looking forward to your due attention and proper solution on this matter.② 在你方便地时候请尽早给我们答复。
Kindly let us have your reply at your earliest convenience.
大学英语四级作文：书信 第2篇
作文题目模板(4)
题目要求：
directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled on volunteering activities.you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.越来越多的人从事志愿者工作
2.志愿者工作的社会意义
3.作为大学生，应该怎么做
参考范文：
in recent years, the volunteering spirit has spread among the chinese people, especially among youngsters.according to a survey, in 2008, there were about 1,700,000 volunteers who offered service for olympic games.actually, an increasing number of people become volunteers every year in china。
volunteering actions are of tremendous benefits to both those in need and the society.olympic games are a good example.as is known to all, volunteers played an active role in beijing olympic games.without them, it would be a tough task to hold this un-precedent olympic games.therefore, we can say that it was those volunteers who ensured the success of these games。
大学英语四级作文：书信 第3篇
第一部分听力 (略)
第二部分阅读理解 (共两节, 满分分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Saturday was my husbands birthday, but we spent most of the time in the car. We were driving to Phoenix for the weekend to celebrate his birthday and see the Warriors play the Suns.
My husband is a lucky man. Not only has he lived to see another birthday, but he doesnt mind driving 200 miles to see an NBA basketball game.
In the car, his cellphone kept ringing with birthday greetings from family and friends. He put them all on the speakerphone so he could drive with both hands and I could listen in even though it wasnt my birthday.
Meanwhile, on the CD player, the Reverend Al Green began to sing Love and Happiness. A little good music makes a bad road better.
Four hours later, we checked into a hotel, got dinner and sat out on a rooftop feeling glad to be alive.
We had a great weekend—we ate too much, slept too little and the Warriors, well, they lost.But still, it was all worth the drive.
On the way home, I started thinking about birthdays. In our family, we celebrate four in January, four in February, and all the others throughout the year. Mine is next week.
If Im lucky, like my husband, Ill get cards and calls and maybe a few videos. I don t need presents any more. When you ve seen as many birthdays as Ive seen, the only gift you truly want is to see one more.
Birthdays are the mile markers on the road of life. They tell us how far weve come, but not how far weve yet to go.
Life is a journey more than a destination.What matters is whom we choose as traveling companions, and how often we get to sit back and enjoy the ride.
21. What helps to make their long drive to Phoenix better?
A.The phone calls from their friends.
B.The beautiful views along the road.
C.The music played on their CD player.
D.The desire to celebrate a nice birthday.
22. What kind of birthday gift does the author really want?
A. A live NBA game.
B.A wish to live another year.
C.Calls and cards from friends.
D. Videos from friends and family.
23. What is the major lesson that the author took from the journey?
A. Taking a long drive is a great way to celebrate a birthday.
B. A meaningful life is like a journey with a clear destination.
C. People should learn to appreciate life together with their loved ones.
D. People shouldn t rest on what they have but try to make new achievements.
24. What could be the best title for this passage?
A.A Birthday Journey
B.My Lucky Husband
C.Driving to See a Basketball Game
D.Mile Markers on the Road of Life
The way people in the US travel to and from work has changed a lot in the last fifty years.Before the Second World War, most people lived in the town or the city where they worked. Almost everyone either walked to work or used a good inexpensive transportation system. Many of these systems were electrified and ran on tracks, so they used very little energy.
After 1945, the US government built many new roads and highways. People moved farther and farther from the cities where they worked because they could drive their cars on these new roads from their suburban homes to work in the city. Some of the big car makers also bought the electrified transportation systems and destroyed them. As people stopped using public transportation, cities spent less money fixing old buses and trains or buying new ones. Public transportation got worse and worse.
In the late 1960s, people found out that the increase in the use of cars led to many problems.There were always too many cars for the highway system, and terrible traffic problems developed.People were spending hours in traffic jams getting to and from work every day. In addition, the air in many cities became dirty because of pollution from millions of cars, and many people died in traffic accidents. As people began to get worried about how the use of cars was hurting the environment, cities began to spend more money on public transportation again, so fewer people would have to drive cars.
When gas became very expensive in the mid- 1970s, the number of people taking public transportation began to increase. It s terribly expensive to build new public transportation systems, so its very difficult to make big changes in the way people travel. However, an increase in the use of public transportation has begun.
25. Why did some car companies buy and destroy public transportation systems?
A.The systems were slower than cars.
B.The systems were too old to be fixed.
C.They were trying to build better ones.
D. They wanted to sell more of their products.
26. Why did cities begin to spend more money on public transportation in the late 1960s?
A. To improve the living conditions.
B.To change peoples way of traveling.
C.To build a new transportation system.
D. To control the increasing number of cars.
27. It can be inferred from the passage that the author seems to favor ________.
A. gas carsB. bicycles
C. buses and trainsD. electric cars
When Tom Szaky sees a juice container thrown away, he doesnt see rubbish, but he sees a pencil case. Sweet wrappers? A beautiful kite!But these are not the imaginings of a dreamer.For the 28- year- old CEO of Trenton, New Jersey-based Terra Cycle, they’re a business model.
The fast- talking Szaky is leading the new industry of upcycling ( 升级改造) . Instead of recycling, Terra Cycle takes packaging headed for landfills (垃圾填埋) and reuses it—more or less whole. Terra Cycle s 85 employees make nearly200 products, sold at shops such as Petco, Kmart, Whole Foods Market, and Target.
Szaky s $7.4 million company, now also moving ahead in Mexico, Canada, the United Kingdom and Brazil, is quite different from the business he founded with his classmate Jon Beyer in 2002 as a freshman at Princeton University.The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell an organic plant fertilizer (肥料) made from worm waste. They lost the competition, but started the business anyway.
With their goal—to make products entirely out of rubbish—suddenly clear, Szaky knew the time was right to drop out of Princeton.
Terra Cycle s first product used dining- hall waste to feed the worms and thrown-away bottles to package the fertilizer. The result: a cheap, green breakthrough. Word spread, and in 2004, Home Depot began carrying the fertilizer in its Canadian stores.
To Szaky, waste does not exist in nature.Terra Cycle is a“second chance”employer of, say, a piece of furniture, an ice-cream container.As Szaky points out, “The biggest problem with most green, fair- trade, and organic products is that they tend to cost more. At Terra Cycle, everything is made from rubbish, and rubbish is free.People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right.”
28.Who is Tom Szaky?
A.CEO of Terra Cycle.
B. An employee of Home Depot.
C.A student at Princeton University.
D.The manager of a food company.
29.How did Szaky get the idea of upcycling?
A.From his visits to foreign companies.
B.From his studies at Princeton University.
C.Through shopping at big stores in America.
D. Through the experience of a business competition.
30. What is the goal of Terra Cycle?
A. To make cheap and green products.
B. To recycle waste materials in another way.
C. To make products completely out of rubbish.
D. To change worm waste into an organic plant fertilizer.
31. What is the advantage of upcycling according to Szaky?
A.More materials are available.
B.The cost is kept rather low.
C. It has a large promising market.
D. Its products are environmentally friendly.
“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smartphone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website”is the definition of“selfie”in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasnt even in the dictionary until August, 2013. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed with (对……痴迷) selfies—we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we havent seen in a while.
But is there any scientific explanation for this obsession? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist (神经系统科学家) at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people s faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them—we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies, according to the BBC.
Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to thinkof ourselves as better-looking than we actually are. To further test how we actually perceive our own faces, Kilner carried out another study.He showed people different versions of their own portrait—the original, one that had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive—and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. They chose the more attractive version.
But what does it say about selfies? Well, isn t that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters (滤色镜) and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
“You suddenly have control in a way that you dont have in non-virtual (非虚拟的) interactions, ”Kilner told the Canada-based CTV News.Selfies allow you“to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one youre happy with”, he explained.
32. What is the passage mainly about?
A.The definition and fun of taking selfies.
B.A study of why people love taking selfies.
C. How taking selfies influences people s daily lives.
D. How to interpret people s facial expressions in their selfies.
33. The underlined word“ perceive ”in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by“________”.
A.interpret B.beautify
C.choose D.explain
34. What did Kilner discover from his researches?
A. People interpret others facial expressions worse than their own.
B. People tend to spend more time looking at their faces than at others.
C. People tend to believe they look more attractive than they actually are.
D. People who like taking selfies know more about their facial expressions.
35. According to Kilner, people like taking selfies probably because they think ________.
A. it is a good chance to learn more about their actual faces
B. it is a way to respond to others facial expressions correctly
C. it enables them to interact with their friends in social media
D. it allows them to satisfy their expectations with their appearances
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Although different universities in the US have different admissions policies, most determine admission based on several standards, including a students high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA) , participation in activities, SAT or ACT exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview.
The university admissions office considers whether a student has taken courses in high school that have prepared him or her for more difficult coursework. A students high school GPA is also considered.36Each letter grade is assigned a number of points: A=4 points, B=3, C=2, D=1 and F=0 point. A GPA is calculated by adding all of the points earned for each course grade and dividing the total points by the total number of courses taken.37
Universities prefer to see applications from high school students who have engaged in activities in their spare time, such as clubs, athletic teams and student government.38
Most students in the US take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to be admitted. These are standardized quantitative examinations. The SAT tests critical reading, math and writing skills.39
Students are often required to write an essay as part of the application process.40The applicants may also be required to have a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office.
A. A student who fails a required course must repeat the course.
B. A GPA is a figure representing a students average accumulated grades.
C. Each admissions office determines the length and content of the essay.
D. For example, a GPA of 3.0 is a“B”average for all of the courses taken.
E. The ACT tests English, math, reading, science reasoning and optional writing.
F. A student graduates after he or she has successfully passed all the required courses.
G.Voluntary participation in these activitiesshows students have learned valuable life lessons.
第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A American expression says, “When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.”That is exactly what a young girl from Connecticut41to do.
Before her first birthday, Alex was42to have a fast-growing type of cancer. Instead of a43childhood, Alex’s life became a series of44to the hospital. Over time, she met many children who, like herself, were going through45chemotherapy treatment ( 化疗) . This prompted Alex to46a plan to “ make lemonade”.
At the age of 4, Alex decided to47money to fight cancer. With her parents48, she started a neighborhood lemonade stand, charging 50 cents a cup.
By the end of the first month, Alex had raised over $2, 000 with more than one49person paying $500 for a single cup of lemonade.
After her family50to Philadelphia, Alex took part in experimental cancer51and she continued her fund-raising.Soon thenews of Alex's stand began to52, so moreand more people joined her cause.Communitiesand schools began to set up their own“Alex'slemonade stands”.People from around the worldwrote to give53and show their grati-tude to the54little girl.
55, on August 1, 2004, Alex lost herbattle with cancer—but not before raising anamazing amount of$700, 000!This amount ofmoney was56to the Children's Hospital ofPhiladelphia.Alex's57of raising$1 millionwas realized three months after her death.
“She believed that one little person can58a big difference, ”said Alexs father.
Alex has59a remarkable legacy ( 遗产) . Across America, lemonade stands continue to make a difference in the60against cancer.
41. A. desiredB. decided
C.demanded D.waited
42.A.cured B.treated
C.injured D.examined
43.A.happy B.peaceful
C.lucky D.plain
44.A.visits B.things
C.trips D.troubles
45.A.difficult B.serious
C.painful D.medical
46.A.come up with B.make up for
C.put up with D.live up to
47.A.save B.raise
C.receive D.spend
48.A.effort B.concern
C.permit D.support
49.A.generous B.grateful
C.kind D.friendly
50.A.turned B.drove
C.moved D.hurried
51.A.travel B.practice
C.experience D.treatment
52.A.appear B.spread
C.explode D.run
53.A.pleasure B.encouragement
C.comfort D.belief
54.A.clever B.sad
C.brave D.independent
55.A.Unexpectedly B.Undoubtedly
C.Unbelievably D.Unfortunately
56.A.donated B.supplied
C.brought D.carried
57.A.plan B.dream
C.determination D.confidence
58.A.make B.offer
C.produce D.have
59.A.earned B.collected
C.built D.left
60.A.activity B.program
C.fight D.prevention
第II卷
第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China, 61it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾) .Tu Youyou62 (be) the woman who uses the plant's special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.
On October 5, Tu was awarded the 2015Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan. Tu is the first native Chinese person63 (receive) a Nobel Prize in naturalsciences.
Tu was modest about receiving the award:“It's a success for the whole research team.”She also thinks64is scientists’duty to fight for the health of all humans.
When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine65could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard.The team didn't have advanced equipment back then.Tu used to test66 (medicine) by eating them herself.Her team searched old Chinese medicine books67hand and tested over2, 000 traditional recipes.
Once Tu68 (return) home after traveling for six months.Her little daughter didn't recognize her and hid from the“strange woman”.To do research, Tu also had to move around a lot.
Finally, Tu found artemisinin ( 青蒿素) in sweet wormwood in 1971. She spent the next decades69 (try) to improve the medicine.According to World Health Organization, about200 million people suffer70malaria around the world, and about half a million die each year. Artemisinin is still the most effective treatment against malaria known today.
Tu never complains about how hard she works.“I feel more rewarded when I see so many cured patients.”she said.
第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) , 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 (╲) 划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10 处, 多者 (从第11 处起) 不计分。
It appear that people dont need phone boxes any longer. In a small British village, people decided to turning a red phone box into a library.Now, the phone box is one of the country smallest libraries. About 150 books sit on shelves in a phone box. Villagers there can take whatever they want and leave their own books for exchange.They can use the library around the clock when its open 365 days a year and 24 hours a day. Since the library opened its bright door, people from all parts of the village paid it a visit. Among it there re senior citizens living in the neighborhood, children getting off school buses and university students are stopping by late at night. It is convenient for them to use such a wonderfully library.
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
假定你是李华, 王平约你本周日一同去参加同学李明的十八岁生日聚会, 但你有以下几件事情不明白, 请用英语给王平写一封电子邮件进行询问。
1.地点及开始时间;
.交通方式;
3.参加人员;
4.准备礼物;
5.安排及结束时间。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3.开头语和结束语已给出, 不计入总词数。Dear Wang Ping,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
2016年高考英语模拟试题 (三)
第一部分听力 (略)
第二部分阅读理解
第一节
【语篇导读】本文讲述作者同丈夫一起开车到菲尼克斯庆祝生日的故事。由此感悟到:我们过生日不需要什么礼物, 重要的是, 同心爱的人在一起享受旅行的快乐, 能够多活一年。
21.C。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据第四段中的“on the CD player, the Reverend Al Green began to sing Love and Happiness. A little good music makes a bad road better.”可知, 该题选C。
22.B。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据第八段中的“When youve seen as many birthdays as Ive seen, the only gift you truly want is to see one more.”可知, 作者真正想要的生日礼物不是物质的东西, 而是人生的长度, 也就是像她丈夫一样能多活一年。
23.C。考查推理判断的能力。根据最后一段的内容可知, 作者认为人生是一段旅程, 远非目的地。重要的是, 我们选择谁来做伴, 我们多久才有一次舒舒服服地坐在一起享受的旅行。由此可以推断, 作者从这次旅行中学到了重要的一课:人应该学会感激同心爱的人在一起的生活。
24.A。考查理解主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知, 本文通过作者同丈夫一起驾车旅行去菲尼克斯看篮球比赛过生日, 感悟到过生日不需要物质上的东西作礼物, 而是和心爱的人在一起享受旅行。
【语篇导读】本文讲述美国公共交通在不同时代兴旺与衰败的变化历史。
25.D。考查推理判断的能力。根据第二段中的“People moved farther and farther from the cities...because they could drive their cars on these new roads...”可知, 随着很多新公路和高速公路的修建, 使用汽车的人增多。汽车厂商看到了商机, 于是一些汽车公司买断并毁掉公共交通系统, 其目的在于更多地销售它们的产品。
26.B。考查推理判断的能力。根据第三段中的“... cities began to spend more money on public transportation again, so fewer people would have to drive cars.”可知, 20 世纪60 年代后期, 车辆的增加引起了很多问题, 于是城市开始再次投资公共交通, 这样开车的人就会减少。由此可以推断, 城市这样做的目的是想改变人们的出行方式。
27.C。考查推理判断的能力。根据最后一段中的“When gas became very expensive in the mid-1970s, the number of people taking public transportation began to increase.”以及“However, an increase in the use of public transportation has begun.”可知, 作者是支持公共交通的。
【语篇导读】本文介绍Szaky创立了Terra Cycle公司, 并对废物进行升级改造从而研制出新产品的经过及理念。
28.A。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据第一段中的“the 28-year-old CEO of Trenton, New Jersey- based Terra Cycle”可知, Tom Szaky是Terra Cycle公司的CEO。
29.D。考查推理判断的能力。根据第三段中的“The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell an organic plant fertilizer (肥料) made from worm waste. They lost the competition, but started the business anyway.”可知, Szaky和他的同学上大学时参加了一个竞争比赛, 计划出售由虫子的排泄物制造的有机肥料, 结果失败了, 但从这次活动中得到了启发, 之后便开始从事这方面的生意。由此可见, Szaky从事升级改造产业的想法源于这次商业竞争的经历。
30.C。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据第四段中的“With their goal—to make products entirely out of rubbish”可知, Terra Cycle公司的目标是“完全用垃圾制造产品”。因此, 该题选C。A、D两项都是该公司做的具体事情, 而非其目标。B项与第二段中的“Instead of recycling, Terra Cycle takes packaging headed for landfills (垃圾填埋) and reuses it ...”不一致。
31.B。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据最后一段中的“At Terra Cycle, everything is made from rubbish, and rubbish is free. People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right.”可知, 升级改造产业最大的优势是由于原材料是免费的, 制造成本相当低廉。
【语篇导读】本文讲述一项有关人们为什么喜欢自拍的研究报告。
32.B。考查理解主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述人们很喜欢自拍以及研究人们喜欢自拍的原因。
33.A。考查猜测词义的能力。根据第三段中的“Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people s faces and facial expressions.”以及第五段中的“This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.”可知, 我们倾向于认为我们的照片比我们本身更漂亮。为了进一步证明我们实际上对自己的外表的理解, Kilner又进行了实验, 得到了同样的结果。由此可知, perceive意为“ 理解”, 与interpret同义。
34.C。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据第五段中的“Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better- looking than we actually are.”可知, Kilner发现大多数人选择更有吸引力的照片, 这表明我们倾向于认为我们的照片比我们本身更漂亮。
35.D。考查理解事实细节的能力。根据倒数第二段的描述, 尤其是“that better matches our expectations with our actual faces”可知, 通过不同角度、不同姿势或使用滤色镜自拍能给我们动力, 能更好地满足我们的期望和实际的外表。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文讲述美国高校的不同招生政策, 多数大学注重高中生所学的课程、各科成绩的平均分、参加过的活动、SAT或ACT成绩、书面文章以及有可能的个人面试。
36.B。考查推理判断的能力。根据第二段中的“A student s high school GPA is also considered.”可知该题选B, 该项是对上句中提到的GPA的解释。GPA是一个代表学生各科成绩的平均积分点。
37.D。考查推理判断的能力。根据第二段中的“A GPA is calculated by adding all of the points earned for each course grade and dividing the total points by the total number of courses taken.”可知, 该句讲GPA的计算方法, D项举例说明a GPA of 3.0 代表的水平, 这两句紧密关联。
38.G。考查推理判断的能力。根据第三段中的“Universities prefer to see applications from high school students who have engaged in activities in their spare time...”可知, 大学非常重视高中生在课外参加活动, G项“志愿参加这些活动表明学生已经学到了有价值的人生课程”与上句紧密衔接。
39.E。考查推理判断的能力。根据第四段中的“Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score... The SAT tests critical reading, math and writing skills.”可知, 上文提到SAT和ACT两种考试, E项讲述ACT的测试内容, 与上句讲述的SAT测试内容形成对比。
40.C。考查推理判断的能力。根据最后一段中的“Students are often required to write an essay as part of the application process.”可知, 作为申请过程的一部分, 经常要求学生写一篇文章, C项“每个招生办公室决定文章的长度和内容”与上文自然衔接。
第三部分英语知识运用
第一节完形填空
【语篇导读】本文讲述了美国的一个小女孩Alex, 虽然身患癌症却勇敢地面对生活、开办货摊卖柠檬汁筹募资金抗癌的故事。
41.B。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。美国有一句名言:当生活给了你柠檬, 那你就做柠檬汁吧。它的寓意是当我们遇到困难时要想办法去解决。这正是康涅狄格州一个年轻的女孩“决定” (decided) 做的事情。该段为引子, 下文展开讲述这个女孩是怎么面对困境努力拼搏的。
42.D。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。Alex出生前就“被检查出” (was examined) 患有发展很快的一种癌症。
43.A。考查形容词在语境中的词义理解。她不像其他孩子一样有“ 快乐的” (happy) 童年。
44.C。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。由于生来有病, 她的生活就变成了一系列往返于医院的“旅行” (trips) 。
45.C。考查形容词在语境中的词义理解。她遇到了很多像她一样的孩子, 要经历“痛苦的” (painful) 化疗。
46.A。考查动词词组在语境中的词义理解。化疗这个残酷的现实促使她“想出” (come up with) “做柠檬汁”的打算。
47.B。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。她四岁时就决定“筹募” (raise) 资金抗癌。下文中的“Alex had raised over $2, 000”作了提示。
48.D。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。在父母的“支持” (support) 下, 她开办了一个卖柠檬汁的货摊。对于一个小女孩来说, 开办一个小售货摊肯定需要父母的支持与帮助。
49.A。考查形容词在语境中的词义理解。到第一个月底, 她就筹募到两千多美元, 其中不乏“慷慨的” (generous) 人士, 一杯柠檬汁就付了500美元。
50.C。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。她们“搬到” (moved) 费城后, 她接受了实验性的癌症“治疗” (treatment) , 并继续筹募资金。
51.D。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。参考第50题的解析。
52.B。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。不久, 她摆货摊卖柠檬汁的消息就开始“传播” (spread) 开来, 因此, 就有越来越多的人加入到她的事业中。
53.B。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。小女孩的勇敢抗癌、乐观生活的事迹在社会上引起了强烈的反响。因此, 来自世界各地的人们给她写信, 给她“鼓励” (encouragement) , 并对这个“勇敢的” (brave) 小女孩表示感激。
54.C。考查形容词在语境中的词义理解。参考第53题的解析。
55.D。考查副词在语境中的词义理解。“不幸的是” (Unfortunately) , 她于2004 年8 月1 日永久地离开了这个世界。
56.A。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。这笔资金“捐给” (donated) 了费城儿童医院。
57.B。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。她筹募100 万美元资金的“梦想” (dream) 在她离世后三个月实现了。
58.A。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。她相信一个小小的人物能够“大有作为” (make a big difference) 。
59.D。考查动词在语境中的词义理解。她“留下” (left) 了一笔可观的遗产。
60.C。考查名词在语境中的词义理解。遍布美国的柠檬汁货摊“在抗癌中” (in the fight against cancer) 继续发挥着重大的作用。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文讲述2015 年诺贝尔医学奖得主屠呦呦和她的团队经过不懈努力, 从青蒿中提取青蒿素治疗疟疾的故事。
61.but。考查连词的用法。根据句意“青蒿是中国的一种常见植物, 可它有治愈被称之为‘疟疾’的致命疾病的功效”可知, 这两句之间是转折关系, 应该填连词but。
62.is。考查动词时态的用法。根据句意“屠呦呦是用这种植物的特殊功效拯救了数百万生命的妇女”可知, 该句表达屠呦呦现在的状况, 应该用一般现在时。前一句中的谓语动词is和has都是暗示。此外, 该题同时也考查了主谓一致的用法。
63.to receive。考查动词不定式的用法。被修饰词person与非谓语动词receive之间在逻辑上是主动关系, 且其前有序数词the first修饰, 应该用动词不定式一般式的主动形式作后置定语。
64.it。考查代词it的用法。分析句子结构可知, 该句使用了“It is ... to do ...”结构, 因此用it作形式主语, 动词不定式短语to fight for the health of all humans作真正的主语。
65.that/which。考查定语从句的用法。分析句子结构可知, “65could fight against malaria”是限制性定语从句, 修饰表示“物”的先行词the medicine, 先行词在从句中作主语, 应该用关系代词that或which引导该从句。
66.medicines。考查名词的用法。此处medicine作可数名词, 意为“药, 药物”。该句中的them暗示medicine应该用复数形式, 表示“多种药物”。
67.by。考查介词的用法。by hand意为“手工, 用手”, 是固定短语。
68.returned。考查动词时态的用法。根据句中的时间状语Once可知, 此处应该用一般过去时。
69.trying。考查现在分词的用法。该句使用了“spend ... doing ...”结构, 表达“ 花费……做……”, 因此用现在分词作状语。
70.from。考查介词的用法。suffer from在此意为“患有……”, 是习惯搭配。
第四部分写作
第一节短文改错
第1处:appear改为appears。考查动词时态及主谓一致的用法。主语It是第三人称单数形式, 谓语动词应该用单数形式。此外, 该句讲述现在的情况, 应该用一般现在时, 从句中的dont是暗示。
第2 处:turning改为turn。考查动词不定式的用法。decide后应该跟动词不定式作宾语。
第3处:country改为countrys。考查名词所有格的用法。此处表示“本国的最小的图书馆之一”, 用名词的所有格作定语, 表示所属关系。
第4 处:a改为the。考查冠词的用法。此处用定冠词表示特指, 即上文提到的电话亭。
第5 处:for改为in。考查介词的用法。in exchange为固定短语, 意为“作为交换”。
第6 处:when改为because/since/as/for 。考查状语从句中连接副词的用法。根据句意“他们可以日夜不停地使用这个图书馆, 因为它一年365天、一天24小时开放”可知, 应该用because, since, as或for引导原因状语从句。
第7处:paid前加have。考查动词时态的用法。时间状语从句“Since the library opened its bright door”暗示主句应该用现在完成时。
第8 处:it改为them / those。考查代词的用法。用them或those指代上文中的people。
第9处:删除are。考查现在分词的用法。分析句子结构可知, stopping by late at night为现在分词短语作定语, 与前面的living in the neighborhood, getting off school buses结构相同且保持一致。
第10 处:wonderfully改为wonderful。考查形容词的用法。修饰名词library, 作定语, 应该用形容词。
第二节书面表达
One possible version:
Dear Wang Ping,
Im very happy to go with you to Li Mings18th birthday party, but I have something unclear to ask. Please tell me when it begins and when it ends. Where is it to be held? How shall we go to the party, by bus or by bike? Would you let me know who else will be at the party? A birthday gift has been a tradition for a happy birthday. What do you have in mind if we want to get him a nice gift? Also Id like to know how he plans the party.Any dance, singing, games or anything else?Anyway, all that counts is to have fun at the party.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
大学英语四级作文：书信 第4篇
小作文回顾与展望
从2010年全国研究生入学考试开始出现英语（二）以来，考研英语（二）的小作文曾考查过感谢信（2010年）、建议信（2011年）、投诉信（2012年）、告知信（2013和2014年）和启事（2015年）。但一种在现实生活中对大学生非常实用的信函—求职信—到目前为止还没有考过。求职信的写作与其他书信迥然不同，考生如果不是事先有所准备的话，在考场上遇到这种书信可能会写得不正确或是不专业。下面笔者以一道模拟题为例，与考生谈谈求职信的写作要领。
例题
Directions：
You are graduating this summer. Write to an electronic equipment company to apply for the position of a sales manager.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. （10 points）
题目分析
这道题要求考生写一封求职信。求职信是一种写给招聘单位的公务信函，目的是就某一职位向收信人提出应聘请求。考研英语的书信作文首先讲究格式正确。考生在写书信时应从称呼写起，称呼顶格写，以示尊重。对公务信函来说，称呼一般可以用Dear Sir or Madam，后面用逗号。
求职信的正文一般分为三段，可以用传统的缩进格式，即每段开头空两个字符。在第一段，考生需要首先说明自己是如何获得这个职位空缺信息的（这是求职信的独特之处），然后表明自己的写信意图—求职。在第二段，考生一般可以从两三个方面阐述自己为什么能够胜任这个职位，比如可以从专业背景、工作经验、英语水平等方面推销自己。第三段是写一些客套话，如请求对方优先考虑自己的申请，并期待对方给自己一个面试的机会等，言辞要恳切有礼。
书信的最后是署名。署名一般从信纸的中间偏右写起，分上下两行，上一行可写Yours sincerely，下一行写寄信人的名字（Li Ming），上下需靠右对齐。
范文
Dear Sir or Madam，
I was pleased to see your recruitment advertisement in the China Daily on January 1st， 2016 for a sales manager. I would like to be considered for the post.
I will receive my Bachelor’s degree in Electronics from University of Shanghai for Science and Technology in July. The courses I completed in the four academic years have prepared me to perform the duties you outlined in your advertisement. As for my English， I have passed the CET Band 6.
If you feel I might fit your requirement， I would be available for an interview at your convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
大作文回顾与展望
自从2010年以来，考研英语（二）的大作文一直采取图表作文的形式，考过的话题包括如下几个：发达国家与发展中国家手机用户增幅比较（2010年）、国内轿车市场部分品牌市场份额变化（2011年）、某公司员工工作满意度（2012年）、某高校学生兼职情况（2013年）、中国城镇人口与乡村人口变化（2014年）、我国某市居民春节假期花销比例（2015年）。
回顾往年真题不难发现，考研英语（二）大作文的命题趋势是写作话题与中国的社会现实联系越来越密切。而在当今的中国社会有一个巨大变化，那就是随着电商的发展，网购异军突起，改变了很多人尤其是年轻人的消费习惯。对于中国社会的这一变化，考研英语（二）的作文试题必然不会漠然不顾。因此“网购”也许会成为考研英语（二）写作题目的一个命题方向。下面笔者将结合一道模拟试题，与备战2016年考研的考生们一起探讨如何应对网购这个写作话题。
例题
Directions：
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing you should
1） interpret the chart， and
2） give your comments.
nlc202309021625
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. （15 points）
题目分析
考研英语（二）的图表作文要求考生根据自己对图表的理解来写一篇论说文。图表一般都有标题，它是准确理解图表内容的重要线索，因此考生必须仔细阅读。从这幅图表的标题中考生可以知道，该图表反映的是2008年以来中国网上购物的增长情况。结合曲线图可以看出：网购在中国越来越受欢迎，其在总消费中的比例从2008年的1.1%稳步增长到2015年的10.4%，预计在2016年将达到11.5%。
虽然这道题的写作要求只有两点，但考生在写作时以三段布局为宜。第一段指出图表中的趋势，并简洁地描述图表。就本题而言，考生可以按照时间顺序依次描述图表中的几个关键数据。在描述图表时考生需要多次表达“增长”“占……”的意思，要注意措辞变化，避免单调重复。比如，“增长”可以根据具体情况选用rise、grow、increase、expand、go up、shoot up、surge等表达，“占……”可以选用account for、take up、occupy、comprise等表达。
在第二段，考生要对图表的内容发表评论，最简便易行的写法是评论图表中的趋势出现的原因。就本题而言，考生可以从两方面来分析网购在中国迅速发展的原因。首先，中国经济在过去几年中蓬勃发展，生产和消费都大幅增长，因而网购的规模也随之增长;其次，近年来中国年轻人的购买力迅速增加，而年轻人又恰是网购的主力军，随着越来越多的年轻人上网购物，中国的网购数量也迅速增加。本段是文章的重心，一般来说考生应从两三个方面来分析，每个方面都要略作展开。这种从分析原因的角度展开评论的写法可以把分析引向深入，从而把文章写出深度。当然，原因没有标准答案，考生只要能自圆其说即可。
行文至此，不可戛然而止。在第二段分析了网购增长的原因之后，考生一定要为文章写一个结尾段。结尾段可以先总结全文，然后预测一下网购在中国的未来发展趋势。这样文章才能意思圆满，结构完整。
范文
Online shopping has been gaining increasing popularity in China. As is shown in the line graph， shopping on the Internet took up 1.1% of total consumption in 2008. The proportion grows steadily to 10.4% in 2015 and is projected to hit 11.5% in 2016.
There are mainly two factors contributing to this steady increase. In the first place， the past eight years witnessed a boom in China’s economy， with production and consumption expanding by 20.3% and 17.4% respectively. As total consumption shoots up， online purchase has grown commeasurably. Another factor is the growth in the spending power of young Chinese， who constitute the backbone of online shoppers. Official statistics released this weekend show that spending among people aged between 20 and 30 rose 12.5% in the past decade， reaching 83 billion yuan. As increasing numbers of young people patronize online shops such as taobao.com and jd.com， online shopping has been going up by leaps and bounds.
Safe and convenient， online shopping has become the first choice of today’s youth， who are typically money-rich but time-poor. With China’s economy surging ahead， it can be predicted that this trend will continue in the foreseeable future.
这篇范文中有一些语言亮点，笔者将其总结如下，供考生参考借鉴。
1. Online shopping has been gaining increasing popularity in China （网上购物在中国越来越受欢迎）：考生可以用gain increasing popularity来表达“越来越受欢迎”的意思。
2. As is shown in the line graph （正如曲线图所示）：这是引用图表中的数据时常用的开头。
3. shopping on the Internet （网上购物）：英语写作讲究求雅替换（指为避免同一个词在文中重复出现而使用其他表达方式），所以考生在表达同一个意思时要尽量使用不同的说法，如可以用online shopping、online purchase等来表达相同的意思。
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4. The proportion grows steadily to 10.4% in 2015 and is projected to hit 11.5% in 2016 （这一比例稳步增长到2015年的10.4%，预计在2016年达到11.5%）：短语“be projected to + v.”可以用来表达预计发生的动作。
5. There are mainly two factors contributing to this steady increase （主要有两个因素促成了这种稳步增长）：这是分析原因的一个常用句型。
6. In the first place， the past eight years witnessed a boom in China’s economy， with production and consumption expanding by 20.3% and 17.4% respectively （首先，在过去的八年里，中国经济蓬勃发展，生产和消费分别增长了20.3%和17.4%）：“时间+ witness”可以表达“在某个时间里发生”的意思，boom可以用来表达经济繁荣，respectively （分别地，各自地）可以用来描述不同的情况。
7. Another factor is the growth in the spending power of young Chinese， who constitute the backbone of online shoppers （另外一个因素是中国年轻人购买力的增加，而年轻人构成了网上购物者的主力）：短语spending power表达“购买力”的意思，“constitute/form the backbone of …”意为“构成……的主体”。
8. Safe and convenient， online shopping has become the first choice of today’s youth， who are typically money-rich but time-poor （网上购物既安全又方便，如今已成为有钱而没时间的年轻人的首选）：用形容词短语safe and convenient开头，可使句子的开头多样化，避免单调;短语money-rich but time-poor表达“有钱但没时间”的意思，十分简洁。
总而言之，考生在准备2016年考研英语（二）的作文时，小作文仍以私人信函和公务信函为主，在全面准备的基础上，要重点准备几种在现实生活中很常用但尚未考过的信函。大作文则要密切关注中国社会的一些现实问题，除了本文讲到的网购话题，也可以关注能源结构变化、耕地面积减少、社会老龄化、汽车销量猛增、出国留学升温等话题。
大学英语四级作文：书信 第5篇
directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic do libraries become useless at the age of information? you should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in chinese:
1.有些人认为信息时代不再需要传统图书馆了，因为……
2.有些人认为信息时代传统图书馆仍然有重要作用，因为……
3.你的看法……
参考范文：
there has been a heated discussion about libraries at the age of information among people.some people, especially the younger generation, challenge the value of conventional libraries.when they need any information in their studies or work, they can turn to their computers for help.for this reason, they do not need to go to a library for borrowing or returning one or two books.while others, including most old people as well as scholars, value libraries.they love libraries because they can enjoy peace and quietness in an isolated spiritual world.and they also have access to rare academic works needed for their studies in the libraries.in my view, conventional libraries are still available though there is still much room for improving.at the age of information, as long as knowledge is respected and cherished, libraries won’t extinct from our lives.on the other hand, libraries should not refuse
大学英语四级作文：书信 第6篇
定义价格
the definition of price
prices determine how resources are to be used.they are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers.the price system of the united states is a complex