高一语文上期末考试

2024-05-28

高一语文上期末考试(精选6篇)

高一语文上期末考试 第1篇

高尔基如是说:“用文化武装起来的人类是打不败的。”

——题记

人本是一根芦苇,在有了独特的哲思后,才真正站立起来。文学哲思,在人的成长中,支配着行动,熏陶着人的心灵,是人类科学创造的源泉。

书中只有颜如玉,书中自有黄金屋。古语云:“书读百遍其义自现。”在文学和哲学的世界里五光十色,对圣人对话,结实三教九流,风光霁月……

茶香缭绕,心香氤氲,月色皎白,手捧古卷细思量:欣赏“何妨吟啸且徐行,竹杖芒鞋轻胜马”的洒脱。官场失意,一贬再贬,无灰心失意,反而是“日啖荔枝三百颗,不辞长作岭南人,”“试岭南应不好,此心安处是吾乡”的一代豪情。

英国首相丘吉尔曾说:“我宁可失去整个印度,也不肯失去莎士比亚。”莎翁以其作品的人文精神影响一代又一代人。这就是他无与伦比的地方。

文化陶冶心香,人与自然和谐共处。看朱自清观月色,赏荷塘;海子,喂马,蔬菜,面朝大海,春暖花开的幸福;梭罗,瓦尔登湖畔,品宁静,写文章;余秋雨,文化苦旅,行者无疆,听冷雨缠绵耳侧……书中文化见闻广博,带着我们穿过大千世界。

文化陶冶心香,极力向上。古语从书中来:“古之成大事者,不惟有超世之才亦必有坚忍不拔之志。钱伟长,从火理到物理,从固体到流体,委屈不曲,不改初心,默默行,老而弥坚。他不畏艰难,敢于直面困难,将中国的科学物理学推上了顶峰。试问没有博览群书,文化熏陶何来阒寂中厚积薄发?领略文王武而演《周易》,仲尼扼而作《春秋》,孙子膑脚,乃作《兵法》,左丘失明,写有《国语》,诗三百,乃圣人发奋之所作为。

文化陶冶心香,变我宽容以待,面色慈祥,身材矮小的老人是南非总统——曼德拉。他没有被种族歧视之火烧退,反而奋起反抗,引领南非统一;政治上失败,在监狱中受非人折磨,但他都对那些折磨过他的人宽容以待。是一个不屈的灵魂,站上了新的高度。

文化是看不见的,但他是我们心灵之源。带我们挣破原有的纬度和固有的想法,穿过春天的花园,夏天的栅栏天的寥落,冬天的风雪,找到一个真实的自己。

高一语文上期末考试 第2篇

一、选择题

1.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是()

A.余额宝转入时系统繁忙的原因一般是由于网络不给力造成的,请尝试更换环境或连接 WIFI,如果未能解决或依然有异常,请致电人工客服协助处理。

B.两会代表们期盼国家医药管理局尽快制定措施,尽量降低药品的价格和流通环节,让 老百姓看得起病,更好地解决老百姓看病难的问题。

C.中国周边安全的威胁主要来自大国战略遏制的综合影响,热点问题特别是争端升温带 来的风险,以及分离势力和恐怖主义势力制造的暴恐活动等。

D.中国航天2015年航天发射持续高密度完美收官,全年共实施19次航天发射任务,将 45颗中外航天器成功送入太空。

2.下列各项关于文学文化常识表述有误的一项是()

A.词兴于唐盛于宋,又称曲子词、乐府、长短句等。“词牌”规定词的格式与曲调。B.新诗,指五四运动前后产生的、有别于古典诗歌的、以白话作为基本语言手段的诗歌。C.《左传》是我国第一部编年体史书,相传为左丘明依孔子修订的鲁史《春秋》而作。D.再拜,拜两次,古代隆重的礼节。箕踞,坐在地上两脚张开,是轻慢傲视对方的姿态。3.在下面一段话空格处依次填入词语,最恰当的一组是

李白一生写下了许多 的山水名篇,其中最有特色的是描写名川大山的杂言歌行。这些诗气势豪放,想象,用仙境和幻境构筑壮丽的理想世界,了诗人超然世外的情致。A.耳熟能详 奇特 孕育 B.脍炙人口 怪异 孕育 C.耳熟能详 怪异 寄托 D.脍炙人口 奇特 寄托

4.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(3分)()

A.根据国际法规划设我国东海防空识别区,目的在于为我军及早识别、发现和实施空中拦截行动提供条件,强化国防安全。

B.近年来,我国“十面霾伏”现象日趋增多且加重,美国卫星拍摄的雾霾图,给我们敲响警钟,治理空气污染迫在眉睫。

C.为活跃校园文化生活,学校举办“四季花卉”摄影作品展,着重表现岁月流转而美丽依旧的自然美,给观众带来美的享受。

D.城镇建设要依托现有山水脉络,慎砍树、不填湖、少拆房,让城市融入大自然,让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁。

5.把下列句子组成语意连贯的语段,排序最恰当的一项是()

东巴文是一种兼备表意和表音成分的图画象形文字。,。东巴文是居于西藏东部及云南省北部的少数民族纳西族所使用的文字。①甚至比甲骨文的形态还要原始 ②属于文字起源的早期形态

③其文字形态十分原始 ④源于纳西族的宗教典籍兼百科全书《东巴经》 ⑤但亦能完整纪录典藏 ⑥由于这种文字由东巴(智者)所掌握,故称东巴文 A.②①③⑤④⑥ B.③①②⑤④⑥ C.④⑥③①②⑤ D.②⑤③①④⑥

二、现代文阅读

阅读下面的文章,完成小题。网络暴力

网络暴力是一种不同于传统意义上侵害他人生命权、身体权的新型的暴力行为。就形态而言,它多局限于舆论范围,主要以言语攻击、形象恶搞、隐私披露等形式呈现,并具有以下特征:(1)主体的不确定性。基于网络的开放性、匿名性,网络空间往往聚集着非组织化、陌生化的群体,因此,在多主体参与的网络暴力事件中,一般很难确定具体行为主体。(2)过程的易操作性。随着“复制”、“粘贴”等网络信息编辑技术的快速发展,任何掌握网络技术的行为主体都可以通过文字、图像、声音、视频等数字化形式实施网络暴力。(3)后果的实在性和难控性。网络暴力以当事人的名誉权、隐私权等人格权益为行为客体,其后果都具有一定的人身依附性,并往往导致非虚拟性的后果。同时,由于网络的交互性和即时性等特点,网络信息传播极具流动性、扩散性,其影响范围一般难以被人们所掌控。

网络暴力的产生,根源于多种风险的交叠和共振。一方面,在互联网上,既有基于职业、籍贯等联系纽带而形成的地缘、业缘群体,更有基于生活娱乐、资源共享等个体偏好而形成的趣缘群体。他们借助网络交互空间(QQ、Blog等),可以随性发出自己的声音,犹如置身于一个个众声喧嚣的“网

络广场”。同时,互联网本身繁杂难辨的海量信息强化了网络受众的风险感知度,加之信息内容的易编辑性以及信息散播的可操控性,网络信息质量往往参差不齐、真伪难辨。

另一方面,当下中国网络暴力的频发,其背后大都潜藏着“仇富”、“仇官”的社会心态。经济社会“重效率而轻公平”的脱序式发展,贫富差距不断扩大的趋势,加剧了社会认同的分化,致使社会情绪不断郁积并涌向网络空间。再加上商业化运作模式的普遍嵌入,催生了数量庞大的“网络推手”,他们以广告收入为经济来源,以“点击为王”作营销规则,通过制造噱头、吸引眼球、积聚声势等进行舆论操控。对他们而言,“网络暴力”往往就是“网络暴利”。

另外,网民群体突出表现出年轻化的特点。青少年由于心理品性尚未成熟,社会辨认和自我控制能力较低,而且,传统中国是个伦理本位的社会,对弱者的同情往往占据社会舆论的制高点;而在青年网民身上,则体现为惩恶扬善、除暴安良的侠义情结,他们以“道德审判”为武器,以伸张正义为目标,渴望获得充满认同的“网络回音”,又常常游走在暴力与正义之间。一旦嫉妒、怨恨与公愤等在网络上无序宣泄,网络空间就处于“多数人的暴政”之下。

应对网络暴力,釜底抽薪之策便是通过减少风险交叠频率,以散化风险。在特定的历史阶段,以技术创新规避网络技术风险仍不失为行之有效的方法。当然,社会转型风险是网络暴力产生的现实根源,我们应建立以政府部门为主导、以社会力量为主体、网民自主参与的多元化治理结构加以应对。(节选自《浙江学刊》2011年第6期,有删改)

6.下列关于“网络暴力”的表述,符合原文意思的一项是:()

A.网络暴力以当事人的人格权益为行为客体,其后果都具有一定的人身依附性,并往往带来实质性损害。

B.随着网络信息编辑技术的快速发展,网络暴力成为任何人都可以通过数字化形式实施的行为。C.由于网络空间具有开放性、匿名性等特点,因此,网络暴力事件目前还无法确定具体的行为主体。D.网络暴力的行为主体一般难以被人们所掌控,这是由网络交往的交互性和即时性等特点决定的。7.下列对网络暴力产生根源的分析,不正确的一项是:()

A.开放的网络交互空间,犹如众声喧嚣的“网络广场”,由网络技术本身所带来的风险特性成为催生网络暴力的技术根源。

B.大量的“网络推手”为获取更多的广告收入,通过制造噱头、吸引眼球、积聚声势等进行舆论操控,成为网络暴力的助燃剂。

C.“仇富”、“仇官”的社会心态使社会情绪不断郁积,加剧了社会认同的分化,成为网络暴力现象在中国频发的现实动因。

D.网民群体年轻化的特点和惩恶扬善、除暴安良的侠义情结,使他们常常游走在暴力与正义之间,是催生网络暴力的重要因素。

8.下列表述不符合原文内容的一项是:()

A.在互联网上,基于多种联系纽带或个体偏好而形成的地缘、业缘群体和趣缘群体往往都具有非组织化和陌生化的特点。

B.建立以政府部门为主导、以社会力量为主体、网民自主参与的多元化治理结构,是规避网络技术风险,应对网络暴力现象的根本做法。

C.网络空间的言语攻击、形象恶搞、隐私披露等都属于舆论范围,不会直接对他人的生命权、身体权构成侵害。

D.面对质量参差不齐、真伪难辨的网络信息,年轻化的网民群体很可能成为信息风险的接受者,同时也可能成为信息风险的传播者。

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。隐藏在集体中的诺奖得主

几乎全世界的记者都在找她时,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主屠呦呦正躺在沙发上打电话。这个世界瞩目的老太太卷着裤腿、穿着一件松松垮垮的绿色对襟汗衫。从电视上得知获奖消息时,屠呦呦正在洗澡,以为还是哈佛大学医学院颁发的华伦·阿尔波特奖。老人皱着眉头:“这个刚闹完,又出来个诺贝尔奖。”尽管站在小区里一抬头就能看到人民日报社亮着金色灯光的大楼,这个躲藏在胡同里的小区却似乎从未离媒体如此近过,从早上开始,停满了车,保安知道小区里有个科学家得了个奖,是“什么第一”,但对这个叫屠呦呦的老人没有什么印象。

饶有意味的是,屠呦呦参加的研发抗疟疾药物的“523项目”,正是在战争背景下开展的。1964年,美国出兵越南后,越美双方都因疟疾造成严重减员。“这个率比打仗死伤还要高”,屠呦呦回忆,双方都开始寻求治疗疟疾的全新药物。越方向中国求助,屠呦呦加入了科研项目。

“交给你任务,对我们来说,就努力工作,把国家任务完成。只要有任务,孩子一扔,就走了。”85岁的老人倚在沙发上,平静地说起上世纪60年代的事情。屠呦呦被派去海南岛,在苏联学过冶金的老伴儿李廷钊被派去云南的五七干校。

没有人比李廷钊更了解这个粗线条的科学家。她不太会做家务,买菜做饭都要丈夫帮忙。有一次坐火车外出开会,她想在中途停靠的时候下车走走,竟然忘了按时上车,被落在了站台上。“别人还

以为我有生活秘书,他就是我的秘书。”屠呦呦眯眼笑着看着老伴儿。自从获诺奖消息传来,李廷钊还要小跑着帮耳朵不好的屠呦呦接电话,从早到晚,老两口轮流对着一通又一通电话道谢。电视画面上出现读着获奖感言的自己时,屠呦呦从沙发上站起来,看都没看一眼电视,去里屋找两本关于青蒿素研究的书。“我给你找书,你先看这个!”李廷钊急了。“书在哪儿?”屠呦呦在里屋问,“你先看嘛,我给你找!”老伴儿离开电视,小跑着去找书。“你看,这是个分子结构,一加热就破坏掉了。”接过老伴儿递过来的书,屠老太太自顾自地指着封面上的分子结构对记者说。近半个世纪前,屠呦呦从我国古人将青蒿泡水绞汁的记载中获取灵感,意识到高温煮沸可能会破坏有效成分的生物活性,将原来用作溶液的水替换为沸点较低的乙醚后,获得了更有效果的提取物。李廷钊说,研究青蒿素的时候,屠呦呦每天回到家都满身酒精味,后来甚至患了中毒性肝炎。没有回答记者关于获奖感受的提问,耳朵不好的屠呦呦却听清了新闻联播中的句子。“200多种中药,提取方法加起来380多种。”老人认真地对记者重复道。老两口的普通话依然保持着浓浓的江南口音。“一会儿冷一会儿热”,老两口说自己小时候都染上过这种俗称为“冷热病”的传染病。青蒿素的发现被世界卫生组织誉为消灭疟疾的“首要疗法”。几十年里,已经在100多个国家拯救了无数人的生命。

为了确定药物对人类的有效性,屠呦呦和研究组的成员甚至充当了第一批志愿者,以身试药。提及此事,老伴儿李廷钊插嘴道:“人家抗美援朝还志愿牺牲呢,吃药算什么?”“当时动物试验过了,药走不出去,发病季节就过了,那就耽误一年。”85岁的屠呦呦平静地说,“所以那时候也不考虑荣誉不荣誉,我觉得荣誉本身就是一个责任。荣誉越多,你的责任就更多一点。”

在1979年发表的关于青蒿素的第一篇英文报道中,包括屠呦呦在内的所有作者和研究人员都隐去了自己的名字。即便在屠呦呦这个名字进入公众视野后,也时常被称为“三无教授”——没有博士学位、没有海外留学背景、不是两院院士。新闻联播中的屠呦呦对着镜头读着诺奖的获奖感言,电视机前的屠呦呦坐回沙发里:“领奖的事还没考虑呢,走一步看一步。”

虽然因为身体原因缺席华伦·阿尔波特奖,屠呦呦还是决定这次能去尽量去,“因为到底还是代表咱们中国”。但眼下,她只知道领奖时间“好像12月什么的”。

直到现在,屠呦呦有时还会去工作单位,“药来之不易”,屠呦呦希望青蒿素的应用可以扩充到更多的领域。她也担心,用药不规范会导致对青蒿素的耐药性,“这是个问题,现在也很难控制。我只好呼吁大家重视”。这个战胜了疟疾的老人说自己已经老化了,是否得奖已经无所谓,“我是搞医药卫生的,就为了人类健康服务,最后药做出来了,是一件挺欣慰的事”。《中国青年报》(2015年10月08日02版,有删改)

相关链接

①屠呦呦,2011年9月获得被誉为诺贝尔奖“风向标”的拉斯克奖,获奖理由是“因为发现青蒿素——一种用于治疗疟疾的药物,挽救了全球特别是发展中国家的数百万人的生命。”2015年10月5日获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

②1971年下半年,屠呦呦是从《肘后备急方》中“青蒿一握,以水二升渍,绞取汁,尽服之”的记载中受到启发,古人为何将青蒿“绞取汁”,而不用传统的水煎熬煮中药之法? 9.下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是()

A.屠呦呦从1964年即开始对青蒿进行研究,到现在已经几十年了,如今获奖是实至名归,她的执着坚守的精神与脚踏实地的作风很令人钦佩。

B.屠呦呦是一个粗心的人,一切都需要丈夫帮忙,丈夫简直就是她的生活秘书,可以这么说,如果没有丈夫李廷钊的帮助,或许就没有屠呦呦的获奖。

C.当意识到高温提取可能破坏青蒿中的活性成分时,屠呦呦重新设计实验过程,改用沸点较低的乙醚为溶剂,这对研究青蒿起至关重要的作用。

D.屠呦呦像无数为人类做出贡献的科学家一样,在她成功的道路上克服了常人难以想象的困难,她捧得大奖,是国人的荣耀,更是学人的鞭策。

E.本文通过运用肖像、语言、动作等多种描写手法,生动形象地再现了屠呦呦获奖前的埋头苦干及获奖后的淡定平静,彰显优秀科学工作者本色。10.第一自然段在文中的作用是什么?请简要分析。

11.文本从哪些方面介绍了诺贝尔奖得主屠呦呦?结合文本概括分析。

12.从屠呦呦的经历中你获得哪些启示?请就其中一点结合文本和现实谈谈你的看法。

三、阅读下面文言文,完成小题

先生姓朱,讳筠,字竹君,顺天大兴人。九岁入都,十三岁通《五经》,有文名。先生少英异,至性过人,与弟文正公珪,俱擅文名,为钜公契赏。及丁父忧,服阙,不肯出仕,欲为名山大川之游。会文正公入觐,上询及先生,乃不敢引疾,谓弟曰:“汝败我雅兴矣。”

先生以为经学本于文字训诂,刊布许氏《说文》于安徽以教士。复奏请采录《永乐大典》逸书,上览奏,异之,乃命开四库全书馆,御制诗以纪其事。又以《十三经》文字传写讹舛,奏请仿汉熙平、唐开成故事,择儒臣校正,立石太学,奉谕缓办,因著《十三经文字同异》若干卷藏于家。于是皖、闽之士闻绪言余论,始知讲求根柢之学,四海好学能文者,俱慕从先生游。而戴征君震、王

观察念孙诸人,深于经术训诂之学,未遇时皆在先生幕府,卒以撰述名于时,盖自先生发之。

先生刚肠疾恶。俗流不敢至其门,寒酸有一善,誉之如不容口。其在都,载酒问字者,车辙断衢路;所至之处,从游百数十人。既资深望重,则大言翰林以读书立品为职,不能趋谒势要。其督学安徽旌表婺源故士江永汪绂等祠其主于乡贤以助朴学之士。在福建,与弟珪相代,一时传为盛事,而闽士攀辕走送者,数百里不绝。其后文正主持文教,海内名流皆以暗中索拔,多先生所赏契者,故世称据经好古之士为“朱派”云。

先生穷年考古,兼好金石文字,谓可证佐经史。为文仿迁、固,尤长于叙事。书法参通六书,有隋以前体格。藏书万卷,坐客常满,谈辨倾倒一世。所至名山川,搜奇揽胜,都人士传诵吟咏,至今不辍。

(节选自孙星衍《朱先生筠行状》)

先生为人坦无城府,内友于兄弟,外好交游,称述人善,惟恐不至,即有过辙掩覆之,后进之士,多因以得名。室中自辰至夕,未尝无客,与客饮酒谈笑穷日夜,而博闻强识不衰。时于其闲属文,其文才气奇横,于义理事物情态无不包,所欲言者无不尽。为学使时,遇教官诸生贤者,亲若同辈,劝人为学先识字,语意殷勤,去而人爱思之。所欲著书未就,有诗文集若干卷。

(节选自姚鼐《朱竹君先生别传》)

13.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是()

A.其督学安徽旌/表婺源故士江永/汪绂等/祠其主于乡贤/以助朴学之士。B.其督学安徽/旌表婺源故士江永汪绂等/祠其主于乡贤以/助朴学之士。C.其督学安徽/旌表婺源故士江永/汪绂等/祠其主于乡贤/以助朴学之士。D.其督学/安徽旌表婺源故士江永/汪绂等/祠其主于乡/贤以助朴学之士。14.下列对文中词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是()

A.钜公本文中指天子,这个词语还有王公大臣和巨匠大师的意思,如,一十元老剧宫多出其门,云是东京才子文章巨公。

B.丁父忧,意思是,遭逢父亲丧事,浮圈,缺终了,伏缺一四十,守丧期满除服。

C.许氏说文,指的是,东汉许慎编著的说文解字,他是世界上最早的词典之一,是我国第一部按部首编排的词典,对文学,影响深远。

D.故事,就是,潜力,如果文中学过,苟以天下之大,而从六国破亡之故事,是又在六国下矣。15.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是()

A.朱筠才智过人,淡泊名利。他年少时即通晓《五经》,以善写文章著名,深得赏识;志趣超脱,不汲汲于仕途。

B.朱筠倾心学问,推进学术。他倡导整理文化典籍并身体力行;重视文字训诂之学,对当时学人产生深远影响。

C.朱筠兴趣广泛,豪爽好客。他爱好金石书法、藏书考古,喜游名山大川;家中坐客常满,饮酒论学终日不辍。

D.朱筠致力文教,奖掖后进。他督学地方,尊崇先贤,引领学风;对寒门才俊极口称善,待门下学子亲若同辈。

四、默写

16.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。

(1)携来百侣曾游。(《沁园春 长沙》)(2)寻梦?,向青草更青处漫溯。(《再别康桥》)(3)风潇潇兮易水寒,!(《荆轲刺秦王》)(4)子曰:“巧言令色,!”(《论语 学而》)(5)益者三友,损者三友。,益矣。(《论语 季氏》)

五、阅读下面这首古诗,完成后面的题。闻 雁 韩洽

朔风吹雁渡江干,月白霜清响尚寒。孤客几回愁里听,故乡何处报平安?

【注释】诗人韩洽生活在明清易代的**之时,干戈四起,人民流离。17.本诗一、二句着力描写“寒”,诗人是如何凸显“寒”的?

18.“孤客几回愁里听”之“愁”具有丰富的内涵,请结合诗句简要分析。

六、作文

19.阅读下面的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

有一位老师要求全班同学以最快的速度,写出自己所不喜欢的同学的姓名。

在半分钟之内,有的同学仅能够想出一人,有的甚至连一个也写不出来;而有些同学一口气列出十

来个之多。

老师发现,越是写不出来的同学,在别人的名单上也几乎没有他(她)的名字;而写得多的同学的名字也出现在大多数同学的名单上。写了不喜欢的人数目最多的,他自己也正是最不受众人喜欢的人。

要求:选好角度,确定立意,自拟标题,写一篇800字以上的作文;不要脱离材料内容及含意范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭,不得透露个人相关信息;书写规范,正确使用标点符号。

参考答案

CCDDB 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.D3分,C2分,B1分。

10.续写了屠呦呦得知获奖消息是的穿着、语言以及对老人无印象的保安,正面描写与侧面描写相结合,刻画了屠呦呦随意、淡然、默默无闻的性格特征,与她获得的殊荣形成对比,突出她淡泊名利、潜心科研的品格,为后文写她埋头苦干、潜心钻研、淡泊名利做铺垫。

11.科研态度:热爱,不顾家庭孩子全身心投入;执着,无数次的失败与尝试;献身,以身试压,处世态度:淡泊名利,发表关于青蒿素的第一篇英文报道中,隐去名字,听闻获奖后平静淡然。日常生活:粗线条,买菜做饭眼丈夫帮忙,丈夫成为她的生活秘书。

12.启示:成功需要去掉浮躁脚踏实地;淡泊名利,全身心投入;有社会责任感,有悲天悯人的情怀;有质疑问难的精神,善于继承,勇于创新。13.C 14.C 15.D 16.

(1)忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠(2)撑一支长蒿(3)壮士一去兮不复还(4)鲜矣仁

(5)友直,友谅,友多闻

17.①作者选用朔风、秋雁、月白、霜清等意象来表现气候之寒。“朔风”“霜”是寒冷的,秋冬时节的“江干”是寒冷的,“白”和“清”这冷色调也给人一种寒意。

②作者运用通感的修辞手法,用“寒”写响彻江空的雁鸣声,将听觉转化为触觉,突出声音之寒。用闻雁声后的内心凄怆悲凉来表现心中的寒意。

18.“孤客几回愁里听”之“愁”内涵丰富。①江畔深秋月夜凄清冷寂,雁声清响,作者孤身一人,顿生羁旅之愁;②故国之思;③离乱之感。

19.支持他人才能赢得他人

在生活中,人们都有一个共同的倾向,那就是都希望别人承认自己的价值,支持自己,接纳自己,喜欢自己。人际交往中,喜欢与厌恶是相互的,你会发现,那些喜欢你的人,你往往也喜欢他们,愿意接近他们;而对你冷淡和疏远的人,甚至厌恶你的人,你的反应也是相应的,你对这些人也会不由自主地疏远或者产生厌恶感。

在心理学上,有这样一个人际交往的交互原则:决定一个人是否喜欢另一个人,最强有力的一个因果关系是,另一个人是否喜欢他。

心理学家曾做过实验,他们安排互不相识的被试分别参加一系列合作性活动。每次交往以后,有意安排一名被试(研究者的助手)对研究者评价其他被试(真被试),或夸奖,或抱怨,或先褒后贬,或先贬后褒,并让各组被试评价者听到。

最后,被试评价者自己选择下一阶段实验的合作者时,受到表扬的被试,都倾向于选择原来的伙伴(研究者的助手),而受到抱怨的被试,则倾向于拒绝选择原来的搭档(研究者的助手)。心理学上对此的解释是,任何人都有保持自己心理平衡的稳定倾向,都要求自身同他人的关系保持某种适当性、合理性,并根据这种适当性、合理性使自己的行为以及和别人的关系得到调整。这样,当别人对人们做出一个友好行为,对人们表示接纳和支持时,人们会感到“应该”对别人报以相应的友好应答。这种“应该”的意识,会使人们产生一种心理压力,迫使人们也表示相应的接纳行为。否则,人们的行为就是不合理、不适当的,就会妨碍自己以某种观念为基础的心理平衡。生活中,当我们对别人做出了一个友好的行为,对别人表示接纳以后,我们也会产生一种要求别人做出相应的回答的期望。如果别人的行为偏离了我们的期望,我们会认为别人不友好,不值得我们友好对待,从而产生一种不愉快的情绪体验,对对方产生排斥的情绪。

“爱人者,人恒爱之;敬人者,人恒敬之”,这是有心理依据的,支持别人,是赢得别人的必经之路。

我以前的同事,最近失恋了,在网上抱怨她的男朋友根本就不是真正地喜欢她。她愤愤不平,“他竟然敢抢在我前面说分手,太过分了,还口口声声说爱我呢!”她是个自恋狂,认为自己是最优秀的,男朋友根本就配不上她。当男朋友追她的时候,她很不在乎,总是有点看不上这个男孩,而对他若即若离,冷冷淡淡。现在这个男孩终于对她的高傲忍无可忍了,提出了分手,她又觉得过分。没有人会无缘无故地喜欢你,即使你能力再强,再有魅力,如果你对周围人总是表现出一副冷若冰霜、目中无人的样子,你的人际关系也会出现危机。

高一语文上期末考试 第3篇

注意事项:本试卷分第I卷 (选择题) 和第II卷 (非选择题) 两部分。第I卷1至8页。第II卷9至12页。共150分。考试时间120分钟。

1. 答第I卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。每小题选出答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。

2. 听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。非选择题答在第II卷上。

3. 第II卷答案一律写在试卷上。交卷时只交答题卡和第II卷。。

第 I 卷 (共 94 分)

第一部分:听力 (共三节, 满分30分)

听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。选择题为第1至16题;非选择题为第62至65题。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应的位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Why can’t the woman give the man directions?

A. She is too weak to say much.

B. She hasn’t been here long either.

C. She is very much afraid.

2. How does the man feel?

A. He is sorry about his illness.

B. He is happy about lying in bed.

C. He is upset with the woman’s words.

3. Where is the conversation probably taking place?

A. On a plane. B. At the airport. C. In London.

4. Why won’t the woman go to the concert?

A. She will watch TV.

B. She will see her friend.

C. She will look after some children.

5. Who is the man probably talking to?

A. His daughter. B. His doctor. C. His patient.

第二节 (共11小题;每小题1.5分, 满分16.5分)

听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前, 你将有时间阅读各小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。

听第6段材料, 回答第6至第7题。

6. Who will Lily send the postcard to?

A. Her parents. B. Her friend. C. Her grandparents.

7. When will they gather to celebrate Lily’s birthday tomorrow?

A. At 6 pm. B. At 6:15 pm. C. At 6:50 pm.

听第7段材料, 回答第8至第10题。

8. What does the man learn about animals and insects?

A. They have their own words.

B. They have their own languages.

C. They can talk with each other.

9. What does the woman think of the machine?

A. Wonderful. B. Common. C. Expensive.

10. Why does the woman want to buy a machine like that?

A. She is curious about the machine.

B. She needs to do research on animals.

C. She wants to understand her dog better.

听第8段材料, 回答第11至第13题。

11. When will they go to the ruins?

A. Today. B. Next week. C. Tomorrow.

12. What does the woman think of her room?

A. Clean and comfortable.

B. Clean but uncomfortable.

C. Dirty and uncomfortable.

13. What are the man and the woman?

A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Guides.

听第9段材料, 回答第14至第16题。

14. Who cooked a lot in David’s family in the past?

A. His father. B. His mother. C. David.

15. What did they fi nd interesting?

A. David doesn’t know how to cook.

B. Young husbands usually help cook.

C. Mothers usually do all the cooking.

16. Which country does the woman’s mother come from?

A. Britain. B. Australia. C. China.

第三节 (共4小题;每小题1.5分, 满分6分)

听第10段材料, 根据你所听到的内容, 在表格中第62至第65小题的空格里填上适当的单词, 使信息完整。每空填一个词。 ( 注意:请将本题答案写在二卷指定位置 )

第二部分:英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分40分)

第一节单项填空 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

17. The World Cup is a world-famous event, _______ everybody on the planet loves talking about.

A. which B. where C. that D. what

18. The visitors are so amazed at the snow here that they _______ for another two days.

A. stay B. have stayed C. are staying D. stayed

19. Margot won the fi rst place and she got her _______ of a seven-day journey to New Zealand.

A. reward B. charge C. value D. bargain

20. Peter doesn’t want to live in the country when he grows up, nor _______ to live in the city.

A. will he want B. he will want C. does he want D. he wants

21. We _______ the harm and will take steps to prevent it happening.

A. inspect B. recognize C. select D. ignore

22. Rescue workers are on the way to save those who _______ in the mountains because of the heavy snow.

A. were trapped B. trapped C. are trapping D. are trapped

23. I was frightened to death. It was several minutes _______ I realized what was happening.

A. before B. since C. until D. after

24. She is determined to get what she wants, _______ she will have to wait 18 years for it.

A. as if B. only if C. if only D. even if

25. December is that time of year _______ we pack up our thoughts and prepare for the next year.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

26. — Owen just has had no luck with job-hunting. — _______. He should have worked harder in college.

A. Yes, I agree B. You are correct

C. No way D. I’m sorry, but I don’t agree

第二节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)

阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I was small, my mom would use toast ( 土司面包 ) for dinner. I remember one __27__, after working all day, she still wanted to do something special for __28__. On that evening, my mom __29__ a plate of eggs, sausages and very burnt toast in front of my dad. I waited to see if anyone noticed. __30__ my dad just took his toast, __31__ at my mom and asked me how my day at school had been. Though I don’t __32__ what I told him that night, I do remember watching him put butter and jelly ( 果冻甜品 ) __33__ that toast. He ate it up __34__ , every single bite. After dinner, I remember hearing my mom say sorry to my dad for __35__ the toast. I’ll never forget what he said: “Honey, I love burnt toast.”Later that night, I went to kiss Daddy good __36__ . I asked him if he __37__ liked his toast burnt. He __38__ me in his arms and said: “Your Mommy worked very hard today. She’s really __39__ . And besides–a bit of burnt toast never hurts anyone!”

Life is full of imperfect things. __40__ is perfect. I’m not the best at anything. But I’ve learned something important over the years. We need to __41__ each other’s mistakes. We need to appreciate each other’s __42__. These two things are the keys to creating healthy, growing and lasting __43__. This rule goes for any relationship – friends, family, and even the people you __44__ on the bus. __45__ is the basis of everything, whether between a husband and wife, a parent and child or just between two friends. Don’t get __46__ if the toast gets burnt. Remember, burnt toast never hurts anyone. It’s the kind thoughts that count, and the people with those kind thoughts who make life worth living.

27. A. morning B. evening C. afternoon D. noon

28. A. herself B. dad C. us D. me

29. A. threw B. removed C. packed D. placed

30. A. But B. And C. So D. Or

31. A. shouted B. smiled C. laughed D. looked

32. A. recognize B. understand C. like D. remember

33. A. in B. beside C. on D. under

34. A. on purpose B. in relief C. as usual D. in a way

35. A. breaking B. burning C. softening D. boiling

36. A. night B. bye C. evening D. day

37. A. exactly B. really C. extremely D. quite

38. A. carried B. kept C. held D. controlled

39. A. tired B. caring C. stubborn D. determined

40. A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Anybody D. Somebody

41. A. accept B. know C. forget D. enjoy

42. A. shortcomings B. similarities C. successes D. differences

43. A. friendship B. power C. relationship D. attitude

44. A. meet with B. care about C. turn to D. deal with

45. A. Helping B. Ignoring C. Protecting D. Understanding

46. A. frightened B. upset C. amazed D. excited

第三部分阅读理解 (共两节 ; 满分30分)

第一节: (共10小题;每小题2分, 满分20分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The accident happened just a few months after I picked up my new car. It was clearly not my fault ( 过错 ) . The other guy was so busy on his cell phone that he went right through a red light and ran into my car. My new and very beautiful car was destroyed. It was even frightening because my niece was asleep on the back seat and her father, my brother, was in the front passenger seat. He was not happy.

The police arrived and began taking statements. I explained that I had been going at about 55 kmph. “So you were going about 50 kmph…”he said.

“No, I said I was doing about 55 kmph, ” I said.

“Right, so you were doing about 50 kmph…”again he repeated.

In a slightly angry voice because I felt I wasn’t being heard, I said: “No! I was doing about 55 kmph!”

“OK, if that’s the way you want it, ” this time the offi cer simply replied.

I didn’t realize it at the time. The city speed limit is 50 kmph. My insurance company paid me for the damages to my car. However, I ended up getting 50 percent less than I would have from the other guy’s insurance company because I had insisted I was doing 55 kmph.

I thought about what had happened again. It suddenly struck me that the traffi c policeman had been trying to help me out. He had known something about the insurance that I had not. I might have insisted that I told the truth, but I could at least have said “Thank you” to him instead of acting so rudely.

Sometimes the hardest thing to do is to have a listening ear - let other people talk while you simply shut up and listen. Never forget - to hear, you have to be able to listen.

47. The writer was frightened because _______ when the accident happened.

A. the other driver was too careless B. his new beautiful car was destroyed

C. he had two passengers on his car D. he was making a phone call while driving

48. The policeman repeated the writer was going 50 kmph to _______.

A. question him on the city speed limit

B. help him to get out of the trouble

C. make him angry by ignoring him

D. show him he took careful statements

49. The most important lesson the writer learned from the accident is _______.

A. never to make a phone call while driving

B. never to make dishonest statements to police

C. to learn the details of the insurance items

D. to let others talk and be a good listener

B

Some desert animals can live through the summer heat and dryness because they are very unusual. The camel, for example, can experience and bear an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9℃without anything bad happening to it. In addition, it can drink a lot of water at one time; then store enough water in its body to supply its needs for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat ( 长鼻袋鼠 ) , on the other hand, gets all the water it needs from water that it produces when it breathes. However, most animals can’t bear it if their body temperature rises more than 5℃ . Nor can they store or produce water in their bodies like the camel and kangaroo rat. So, because of the high temperature of a typical summer day, most of them are active only in the night. Only after the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides protection, not only from the sun, but also from other animals and the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal for most animals and insects to start again their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek shelter again.

For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is easier than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which prevents water loss because of the high temperature. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is some water, and it is generally cooler than on the surface. In the case of ants, only grown-up ants leave the underground nests ( 巢穴 ) , and they do soonly to gather food or to defend the nest against attack.

50. The camel and the kangroo rat are different from other animals in that _______.

A. they are animals not usually seen in the desert

B. they can bear a great increase in body temperature

C. they can get the water they need through breathing

D. they can either store or produce water in their bodies

51. The desert is full of life _______.

A. when animals look for food and water at summer nights

B. when it is morning and everything becomes active

C. when dangerous animals and birds sleep in the summer sun

D. when it is evening and animals begin to look for shelter for safety

52. The underlined word “waterproof” in the last paragraph means _______.

A. something that keeps you dry in wet weather

B. something that stops water passing through

C. something that gets damaged by water

D. something that tells you that you need water

53. Which of the following might serve as the best title for the passage?

A. Living Actively at Nights in the Desert.

B. Looking for Food and Water in the Desert.

C. Surviving Heat and Dryness in the Desert.

D. Finding Shelter from Enemy in the Desert.

C

Mountains & Valleys Tour

This 8-day tour takes you up and down, through coffee country, tobacco fi elds and farms. You’ll travel from the land of horses and cowboys to the ground that produces some of the country’s sweetest fruit, seeing high hilltops to Central America’s largest body of water.

Destination ( 目的地 ) : Managua, Nicaragua

Trip Length: 8 days

Price: From $1750 to $1850 per person

Age: 7 to 65+

Do It Yourself W-Trek

This do-it-yourself hiking is so designed that you need walk to the lookout point to the famous Towers, the rushing French river and the hanging glaciers, sleeping in mountain hotels. And of course, it takes plenty of strength.

Destination: Santiago, Chile

Trip Length: 11 days

Price: From $1850 to $2050 per person

Age: 18 to 65+

Society Islands, Tahiti

The islands of Tahiti in the South Pacifi c offer tourists a great destination. From our Tahiti hotels, sail out and enjoy the 118 islands. With high mountains, white sand, blue houses and green waters, this island has something for everyone.

Destination: Tahiti, French Polynesia

Trip Length: 7 days

Price: From $4000 to $6000 per person

Age: 6 to 65+

City Tour around Italy

Italy is perfect for those who enjoy the arts, architecture, breathtaking scenery, and beautiful beaches. Thejourney begins with Venice or Milan, then Florence and Rome. A quick train ride will get you to the beautiful waters at Amalfi Coast. Your last night will be spent in Naples.

Destination: Amalfi Coast; Florence; Naples; Rome; Venice; Milan, Italy

Trip Length: 16 days

Price: From $2500 to $ 3500 per person

Age: 8 to 65+

54. With a week to afford for a vacation, Willie will fi nd the trip to _______ best suits his schedule.

A. Santiago, Chile B. Tahiti, French Polynesia

C. Italian cities D. Managua, Nicaragua

55. The Jones are taking their nine-year-old son on an art trip, they would probably choose “_______”.

A. Mountains & Valleys Tour B. Do It Yourself W-Trek

C. Society Islands, Tahiti D. City Tour around Italy

56. Older people might refuse to consider Do It Yourself W-Trek because _______.

A. the price is too high B. the trip lasts a bit long

C. the hiking is tiring D. the age limit is loose

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)

阅读下面短文。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (注意:选E涂AB;选F涂AC;选G涂AD)

D

Effects ( 影响 ) of Television

Television affects the way people spend their time and what and how they learn. Some scientists believe TV has a greater infl uence on young people than on adults ( 成人 ) .

●Effects on free time

A typical ( 典型的 ) adult spends more time watching TV than doing anything else except sleeping and working. ___57___ It takes time away from other activities of adults, such as reading, conversation, social gatherings, and exercise.

●Effects on learning

Television is of great help to what home viewers learn. ___58___ However, TV also may add to people’s bad impressions of the world.

1. ___59___

No communication system has ever provided so many people with new experiences as television has. Without leaving their homes, TV viewers can see how people in far-off lands look and live. Television takes viewers to deserts, jungles ( 丛林 ) , and the ocean f loor. A TV viewer can see how a famous actor performs the role of Hamlet…

2. Harmful impressions

Television programs often show people who lead more wonderful lives and are richer than most of us. ___60___ As a result, the expectations of us are raised. One harmful effect results when people fail to achieve the success they see on TV.

●Effects on young people

___61___ Parents have long been concerned about the amount ( 数量 ) of time young people spend watching TV. Studies have connected watching a lot of television with poor performance in school. However, some experts don’t believe that TV viewing actually causes students to perform poorly.

A. Enriched experience

B. Fast communication

C. It improves people’s learning by widening their experience.

D. Watching television improves the students’ performance in school.

E. There is little agreement about how television affects young people.

F. In addition, TV advertisements try to persuade us to buy many unwanted goods.

G. Watching television may be the most time-costing free-time activity among adults.

第 II 卷 (共 56 分)

听力:非选择题部分 (共4小题。每小题1.5分, 满分6分)

第四部分:填空 (共三节, 满分20分)

第一节:单词拼写 (共5小题。每小题1分, 满分5分)

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释, 写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。 (每空只写一词)

66. She gladly gave up her part-time job and_______ ( 专心于 ) herself entirely to her art.66. ___________

67. The government sent millions of dollars’ _______ ( 价值 ) of supplies to the disaster-hit area. 67. ___________

68. Women and girls must be treated _______ ( 平等地 ) if a country is to grow. 68. ___________

69. This year, Buick got the fi rst place as the most _______ ( 可靠的 ) car in the world. 69. ___________

70. It will take the scientists six weeks to _______ ( 探测 ) the underwater mountains. 70. ___________

第二节:完成句子 (共5小题。每空1分, 满分10分)

根据所给汉意, 补全下列英文句子, 每空只填一词。

71. 让我们携手保护濒危物种, 使其不致灭绝。

Let’s work together to ________ endangered species ________ dying out.

72. 直到多年以后我才见到了保罗。

________ wasn’t until after many years ________ I met Paul.

73. 戴茜仍在和双方商谈以寻求解决问题的方法。

Daisy is still talking to both sides ________ ________ of a way to solve their problem.

74. 最终决断前你一定要花时间去真正地了解他。

Take the time to really learn about him before you ________ ________ your mind.

75. 她在以前的生活中从来没有经历过这样的困难。

Never before in her life has she _______ _______ such diffi culties.

第三节:短文填空 (共5小题。每小题1分, 满分5分)

在短文的空白处填入合适的单词, 使短文意义完整, 逻辑通顺。答案写在短文后面的指定位置。 (每空只填一词)

Do you know why English has changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop. Old English was very different from the English spoken today. It was 76 more on German than the English we speak at present. Then, English gradually became 77 like German because the settlers, who spoke fi rst Danish and later French, 78 Britain between about AD 800 and 1150. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. By the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make 79 of a wider vocabulary than ever before. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. Now, English is also spoken 80 a foreign or second language in many parts of the world.

76. ________ 77. ________ 78. ________ 79. ________ 80. ________

第五部分:写作 (共两节, 满分30分)

第四节:短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)

读下面的短文, 文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) , 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。

3. 必须按答题要求做题, 否则不给分。

Hi Susan,

We’re planning a party for Xiaoming’s birthday, that will be held at 8 pm this Friday after the evening classes. We’d like to invited you to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keep quietly about it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club, and each of them will prepare a little present. When he comes, and we’ll light the candles and sing “Happy Birthday” together for him. Then the cake will cut and we’ll sing several song and play games. The party is going to last about a hour. It’ll be nice to see how exciting he will be. I’m sure you would have a good time at the party, too.

Yours,

Li Hua

第五节:书面表达 (满分20分)

最近, 某英语报社就要不要继续寻找丢失的琥珀屋 (Amber Room) 展开了讨论。请你就以下要点写一篇短文 :

1. 它由精选稀有的琥珀制成, 并用金子和珠宝加以装饰。

2. 它的设计风格奇特, 具有很大的艺术学习价值。

3. 它是珍贵文化遗产, 具有历史研究价值。

4. 寻找的过程也是研究的过程, 所以值得寻找。

注意:1. 可以根据要点适当增加细节, 字数80左右。

2. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。

Recently, we had a discussion about whether we should continue to search for the Amber Room. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

附参考答案

I 卷

听力:1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C

单项选择:17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C 21.B 22.D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26.D

完形填空:27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31.B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B

阅读理解:47. C 48. B 49. D 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. G 58. C 59. A 60. F 61. E

II 卷

62. stadium 63. transport / transportation 64. English 65. Green

(62-65小题旨在考查学生在听中获取信息的能力。建议:62、63题中如有一个字母的拼写错误, 或64、65题中首字母小写, 可给分。)

66. devoted 67. worth 68. equally 69. reliable 70. explore

71. protect…from 72. It…that 73. in search 74. make up 75. gone through

76. based 77. less 78. ruled / governed / controlled 79. use 80. as

短文改错

Hi Susan,

We’re planning a party for Xiaoming’s birthday, will be held at 8 pm this Friday afterthe evening classes. We’d like toyou to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keepabout it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club, and each ofwillprepare a little present. When he comeswe’ll light the candles and sing “HappyBirthday” together for him. Then the cake willcut and we’ll sing severaand playgames. The party is going to last abouthour. It’ll be nice to see howhe will be.I’m sure youhave a good time at the party, too

Yours,

Li Hua

书面表达

One possible version

Most ofus think it is well worth doing. Firstly, several tons of rare amber were selected to make the Amber Room, which was also decorated with gold and jewels. Secondly, the design of the room was in such a fancy style that artists today can learn a lot from it. In addition, as a cultural relic, it is of great value to the study of history. Finally, while searching for it, we are also doing a kind of research. So there is no doubt that we should continue our search.

听力录音稿

Text 1

M: Excuse me, can you tell me if this bus goes to Park Square?

W: Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. I’ve only been here a few weeks myself.

Text 2

W: Why do you still lie in bed? Just look at the rubbish all around you.

M: You shouldn’t speak like that. I feel a bit sick today.

Text 3

W: When will we be arriving in London?

M: We still have to fl y another forty minutes before we arrive at Gatvick.

Text 4

M: If you’d like to go to the concert this Friday, my sister will give me two tickets for tomorrow.

W: Thank you, but I promised my friend that I’d watch her children.

Text 5

W: I’m not feeling so well.

M: Get some rest and take these three times a day and you will feel better. If you don’t, come back and see me.

Text 6

M: Hi, Lily. Is there anything I can do for you?

W: Oh, yes. I’d like to send a postcard to my grandparents. Where’s the post offi ce?

M: I’m going to the post offi ce after school. Shall I post it for you or shall we go together?

W: Let’s go together then. Tomorrow is my birthday. Will you come to my birthday party?

M: Wow, how great! I’d love to. I will bring you a gift.

W: Thanks. Oh, by the way, I don’t have many friends yet. Would you like to bring your friends too?

M: That will be wonderful. I’ll ask my best friends to join us. Can we gather at 6 pm after the classes?

W: Better a little later, say, 6:15 at the hall?

M: OK. We’re sure to have a good time.

W: Thanks a lot.

Text 7

M: It has been proved that animals and insects have their own languages.

W: Really? Tell me more!

M: Well, their languages are not like ours. They have no letters or characters.

W: Then how do you decide what they are?

M: It depends on what you see and hear. For example, bees can talk by dancing.

W: I see. I’m always wondering why my dog barks in certain ways. If I knew his language, I would get along with him better!

M: Actually you can. Someone in Japan has invented a machine to translate a dog’s bark.

W: Great! I’ve got to buy one — I hope it won’t be diffi cult to buy a machine like this.

Text 8

W: Hi, Sam, what do you think? We can go to the ruins today. We can also go to the ruins tomorrow.

M: Let’s go tomorrow. The students are all too tired today. One said that the room was not clean and that it was not very comfortable, either.

W: Well, I think the rooms are very clean and comfortable and I have slept very well in mine. Did you notice that Marco and Peter didn’t come to the talk?

M: I suppose they were tired, but that’s not a very good excuse. Well, after visiting the ruins tomorrow, we can then have a rest. We can go to the Indian Restaurant.

W: Good idea! That’s a very popular restaurant. I’m sure our students will like it.

Text 9

W: David, do men help out while women cook in your country?

M: I think it’s changed a lot over the years. Now, men are supposed to help cook and clean.

W: Does your father cook at home?

M: No. Usually, my mom makes the meals. But actually, what I fi nd interesting is that many young husbands will help cook.

W: That’s interesting. What about you, David? Do you cook at home?

M: Well, I don’t know how to cook. The best cook in our family is my dad, actually. And he actually used to get home earlier than my mom. So he would do most of the cooking.

W: Did you ever want to learn cooking?

M: No, I’m quite ashamed. I never did really learn cooking from my parents. Did your mother show you how to cook?

W: She did because she wanted me to learn more about her mother country, but it’s so diffi cult to cook Chinese meals.

Text 10

When choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. The fi rst is the sports facilities. The city must have an Olympic stadium and also has to provide fi rst-class training grounds. The chosen city should also have plenty of good hotels and must have an international airport nearby.

The city itself should be clean and public transport ought to be fast and convenient. If there were lots of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive.

高一上学期语文期末检测试卷 第4篇

甲卷必考题(142分)

一、 现代文阅读(20分)

阅读下面散文,完成1~4题。

要是有些事我没说,地坛,你别以为是我忘了,我什么也没忘,但是有些事只适合收藏。不能说,也不能想,却又不能忘。它们不能变成语言,它们无法变成语言,一旦变成语言就不再是它们了。它们是一片朦胧的温馨与寂寥,是一片成熟的希望与绝望,它们的领地只有两处:心与坟墓。比如说邮票,有些是用于寄信的,有些仅仅是为了收藏。

如今我摇着车在这园子里慢慢走,常常有一种感觉,觉得我一个人跑出来已经玩得太久了。有一天我整理我的旧相册,看见一张十几年前我在这园子里照的照片——那个年轻人坐在轮椅上,背后是一棵老柏树,再远处就是那座古祭坛。我便到园子里去找那棵树。我按着照片上的背景找很快就找到了它,按着照片上它枝干的形状找,肯定那就是它。但是它已经死了,而且在它身上缠绕着一条碗口粗的藤萝。有一天我在这园子里碰见一个老太太,她说:“哟,你还在这儿哪?”她问我:“你母亲还好吗?”“您是谁?”“你不记得我,我可记得你。有一回你母亲来这儿找你,她问我您看没看见一个摇轮椅的孩子?……”我忽然觉得,我一个人跑到这世界上来玩真是玩得太久了。有一天夜晚,我独自坐在祭坛边的路灯下看书,忽然从那漆黑的祭坛里传出一阵阵唢呐声;四周都是参天古树,方形祭坛占地几百平米空旷坦荡独对苍天,我看不见那个吹唢呐的人,唯唢呐声在星光寥寥的夜空里低吟高唱,时而悲怆时而欢快,时而缠绵时而苍凉,或许这几个词都不足以形容它,我清清醒醒地听出它响在过去,响在现在,响在未来,回旋飘转亘古不散。

必有一天,我会听见喊我回去。

那时您可以想象一个孩子,他玩累了可他还没玩够呢,心里好些新奇的念头甚至等不及到明天。也可以想象是一个老人,无可质疑地走向他的安息地,走得任劳任怨。还可以想象一对热恋中的情人,互相一次次说“我一刻也不想离开你”,又互相一次次说“时间已经不早了”,时间不早了可我一刻也不想离开你,一刻也不想离开你可时间毕竟是不早了。

我说不好我想不想回去。我说不好是想还是不想,还是无所谓。我说不好我是像那个孩子,还是像那个老人,还是像一个热恋中的情人。很可能是这样:我同时是他们三个。我来的时候是个孩子,他有那么多孩子气的念头所以才哭着喊着闹着要来,他一来一见到这个世界便立刻成了不要命的情人,而对一个情人来说,不管多么漫长的时光也是稍纵即逝,那时他便明白,每一步每一步,其实一步步都是走在回去的路上。当牵牛花初开的时节,葬礼的号角就已吹响。

但是太阳,他每时每刻都是夕阳也都是旭日。当他熄灭着走下山去收尽苍凉残照之际,正是他在另一面燃烧着爬上山巅布散烈烈朝晖之时。那一天,我也将沉静着走下山去,扶着我的拐杖。有一天,在某一处山洼里,势必会跑上来一个欢蹦的孩子,抱着他的玩具。

当然,那不是我。

但是,那不是我吗?

宇宙以其不息的欲望将一个歌舞炼为永恒。这欲望有怎样一个人间的姓名,大可忽略不计。

(选自史铁生《我与地坛》)

1. 仔细阅读本节文字,你认为本节主要表达的主旨是什么?(4分)

答:____________________________________

2. 文章在第二段中描写了从那漆黑的祭坛里传出一阵阵唢呐声。作者这些精心描写的深刻用意是什么?(6分)

答:____________________________________

3. 文章快结束时,作者写道:“当然,那不是我。但是,那不是我吗?”这两句简短的话含有意味深长的“潜台词”。请你揣摩文意,尝试一下用同样简练的语言把这些“潜台词”的意思表达出来。(6分)

(1) 当然,那不是我。因为____________________________________

(2) 但是,那不是我吗?因为____________________________________

4. 读完这篇文章以后,你对人生包括死亡是怎样看待的?请用几句简洁的语言表达你的真情实感。(4分)

答:______________________________

二、 古代诗文阅读(34分)

(一) 文言文阅读(18分)

阅读下面的片段,完成5~8题。(18分)

嗟乎!一人之心,千万人之心也。秦爱纷奢,人亦念其家。奈何取之尽锱铢,用之如泥沙?使负栋之柱,多于南亩之农夫;架梁之椽,多于机上之工女;钉头磷磷,多于在庾之粟粒;瓦缝参差,多于周身之帛缕;直栏横槛,多于九土之城郭;管弦呕哑,多于市人之言语。使天下之人,不敢言而敢怒。独夫之心,日益骄固。戍卒叫,函谷举,楚人一炬,可怜焦土

呜呼!灭六国者六国也,非秦也。族秦者秦也,非天下也。嗟夫!使六国各爱其人,则足以拒秦;使秦复爱六国之人,则递三世可至万世而为君,谁得而族灭也?秦人不暇自哀,而后人哀之;后人哀之而不鉴之,亦使后人而复哀后人也。

5.下列两句中的加点虚词含义和用法分析正确的一项是( )(3分)

① 奈何取之尽锱铢,用如泥沙?使负栋柱,多于南亩之农夫

② 后人哀之不鉴之,亦使后人复哀后人也

A. ①句的两个“之”相同,②句的两个“而”不同。

B. ①句的两个“之”不同,②句的两个“而”也不同。

C. ①句的两个“之”相同,②句的两个“而”也相同。

D. ①句的两个“之”不同,②句的两个“而”相同。

6. 对文中加点的词语理解正确的一项是( )(3分)

① 锱铢:极言贵重的东西

② 南亩:泛指农田

③ 九土:即九州,指全国

④ 呕哑:难听的音乐

⑤ 独夫:孤单的人

⑥ 戍卒:指陈胜、吴广等起义者

⑦ 楚人:指刘邦

⑧ 焦土:指阿房宫被烧毁

A. ①④⑤⑦ B. ②③⑥⑧

C. ①③⑤⑧ D. ②④⑥⑦

7. 对上述两段文字分析不正确的一项是( )(3分)

A. 第一段用比喻句和排比句,极言秦始皇不顾人民死活和民心向背,残民而自肥,很快失掉了民心。

B. 第一段还写到了老百姓对于秦的暴政敢怒而不敢言,但最终还是像火山一样爆发出来,使秦迅速灭亡。

C. 对于秦的灭亡和阿房宫的被烧毁,作者用“可怜焦土”一语寄予了一定的同情。

D. 第二段作者更进一步指出,六国和秦的灭亡,都是由于内部原因造成的,见解极为深刻。

8. 翻译下列句子。(9分)

(1) 秦爱纷奢,人亦念其家。奈何取之尽锱铢,用之如泥沙?(3分)

答:____________________________________

(2) 独夫之心,日益骄固。戍卒叫,函谷举,楚人一炬,可怜焦土!(3分)

答:____________________________________

(3) 秦人不暇自哀,而后人哀之;后人哀之而不鉴之,亦使后人而复哀后人也。(3分)

答:____________________________________

高一历史上期末考试试卷及答案 第5篇

26.阅读下列材料:

材料一 作为亚洲第一个民主国家,新生的中华民国顺应世界潮流,仿照美国的政治制度,在不到一年的时间里成功地将国会、选举、多党制、三权分立、言论自由以及共和精神一一引进中国人民的政治生活,并在其后十三年的实践中建立了完整的民主政治运作的基本规则。民初的议会政治虽然屡遭挫折……但它开创的民主政治迄今为止仍是中国人民努力追求的目标。

——林炯如《中华民国政治制度史》,华东师范大学出版社1995年1月版

(1)根据材料一,概括中华民国民主政治制度建立过程所体现出来的主要特点。(6分)

材料二 辛亥革命的悲惨结果可由以下因素来解释:组成官僚的知识分子,专心于儒家经典。……中国几乎没有借用国外东西的传统。尽管19世纪后半叶中 国的确发生了变化,但其变化的速度远远落后于对西方作出反应的其他国家。部分人试图在中国建立从美国观察到的制度。由于他们建立的制度显然对中国人民毫无意义,因此它们很快就在中国的政治现实面前土崩瓦解。

——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

(2)据材料二,指出辛亥革命失败的原因。(4分)你是否同意“革命派建立的制度显然对中国人民毫无意义”这一观点?结合所学说明理由。(5分)

材料三 章开沅认为:“应该了解孙中山辛亥革命之前的1,特别是辛亥革命怎么来的,孙中山的纲领怎么来的,它都是有依据的。同时还要盘点辛亥革命后的100年。还要研究从现在开始,再往后的一百年。”

——马敏《三种视野拓展辛亥革命史研究》

(3)材料三中,章开沅先生为辛亥革命史的研究提供什么新视角?

27.(18分)统一多民族国家的形成和发展是中国历史上一个重要的现象。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 (雍正五年十二月)谕兵部:向来云贵川广以及楚省各土司,僻在边隅,肆为不法,扰害地方,剽掠行旅,且彼此互相仇杀,争夺不休。而于所辖苗蛮,尤复任意残害,草菅民命,罪恶多端,不可悉数。是以朕命各省督抚等悉心筹画,可否令其改土归流,各遵王化。

——《世宗宪皇帝实录•卷六十四》

(1)依据材料一,分析雍正帝实行“改土 归流”的原因,并结合所学知识指出清朝边疆政策的特点。(6分)

材料二 1934年,中国共产党在《中国人民对日作战的基本纲领》中提出:“中国人民只有自己起来救自己——中国人民唯一自救和救国的方法,就是大家起来武装驱逐日本帝国主义,就是中华民族武装自己。”此后进一步指出“中国是一个多民族的国家,中华民族是代表中国境内各民族之总称”。于是“中华民族”概念完全明确了。

——摘编自王希恩《全球化中的民族过程》

(2)概括材料二中关于民族问题的主张,结合所学知识分析其进步意义。(6分)

材料三 2月28日,第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十次会议通过了《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》修改案。……对于一贯积极主张通过民族区域自治制度保障少数民族利益的中华人民共和国来说,能够在基本法中鲜明地提出民族 自治区域要对内实行各族居民在政治权利上的平等、对外加入全国统一的经济体系和市场,并且提出促使少数民族吸收国家主流文化的主张,不啻为一个革命性的变化。

——王柯《国民国家与民族问题》

(3)依据材料三,分析我国修改《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》的意义。(4分)综合上述材料,你有何认识?(2分)

28.(15分)阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 冷战时期,全球政治成为两极化的,世界被分裂成三个部分。一个是由美国领导的最富有的社会集团,同一个与苏联联合和受它领导的略贫穷一些的集团展开了竞争。这是一个无所不在的意识形态的、政治的、经济的,有时是军事的竞争。许多这样的冲突发生在这两个阵营以外的由下述国家组成的第三世界里:他们常常是比较贫穷的,缺少政治稳定性的,新近独立的,宣称是不结盟的。

——以上材料均选自塞缪尔•亨廷顿《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》

材 料二 单极是持久的,也是和平的。最大的危险是美国行动太少。作为一个拥有无可争议的优势的国家,美国比任何国家更有可能轻视这一国际系统和总的挑战。但由于这一系统是围绕美国建立起来的,这就要求美国进行约束和管理,美国对挑战的反应提出的法令越有效,这一系统将越长久和越稳定。

——(美)威廉 沃尔弗斯《稳定的单极世界》

材料三 冷战结束后,世界向多极化的方向发展,但多极化格局的形成需要经历相当长的时期,其间会充满各种政治力量之间的激烈斗争。世界各种力量正在进行新的分化组合。美国成为唯一的超级大国,欧盟、日本、俄罗斯、中国几大力量也相对突出,广大发展中国家整体实力增强。

——江泽民《在武汉主持召开国有企业改革和发展座谈会时的讲话》19

请回答:

(1)依据材料一,分析冷战时期国际关系格局的主要特点。(4分)

(2)据材料二,概括作者的主张并指出其目的。(4分)

高一数学上期末考试题复习 第6篇

一.选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,满分50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求)

1.已知集合 , ,则 ( )

A. B. C. D.

2. 在空间直角坐标系中,点 关于 轴的对称点坐标为( )

A. B. C. D.

3. 若 是两条不同的直线, 是三个不同的平面,则下列说法正确的是( )

A.若 ,则 B.若 , ,则

C.若 , ,则 D.若 , ,则

4.右图是一个几何体的三视图,根据图中数据,可得该几何体的表面积是( )

A. B.

C. D.

5.直线 与圆 的位置关系为( )

A.相切 B.相交但直线不过圆心 C.直线过圆心 D.相离

6.已知圆 : + =1,圆 与圆 关于直线 对称,则圆 的方程为( )

A. + =1 B. + =1

C. + =1 D. + =1

7.若函数 的图象经过二、三、四象限,一定有( )

A. B.

C. D.

8.直线 与圆 交于E、F两点,则 EOF(O为原点)的面积

9.正四棱台的上、下两底面边长分别为3和6,其侧面积等于两底面积之和,则四棱台的高为( )

A. B. C.3 D.2

10.设函数的定义域为R,它的图像关于x=1对称,且当x1时, 则有 ( )

A. B.

C . D.

第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共100分)

二、填空题:(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,满分25分)

11.函数 的定义域是 .

12.已知函数 若 ,则 .

13.若函数 是奇函数,则m的值为________.

14.一个正方体的所以顶点都在一个球面上,已知这个球的表面积为 ,则正方体的边长为_______.

15. 设函数 ,给出下述命题:

①.f(x)有最小值;②.当a=0时,f(x)的值域为R;③.f(x)有可能是偶函数;④.若f(x)在区间[2,+ )上单调递增,则实数a的取值范围是[-4,+ );

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